L17-03
a [conjunction for nouns] — and/or
- i ei mi tavla la alis a la kevin — I need to speak to Alice or Kevin (or to both of them).
- Comment: means at least one of the two (of nouns connected using a).
- Related words: ja, a, e, ji, o, u
a bu [pronoun] — a (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like a bu is for the last la alis used.
a'a [interjection] — attention, a'a cu'i — inattentiveness, a'a nai — avoiding
- i a'a ko ca'o skicu — I'm listening, go on talking!
- i a'a cu'i ko denpa lo nu mi jai gau mulno fai ti — Eh, just a second, let me finish this.
- i do tavla da a'a nai — La, la, la, I'm not listening what you are talking about.
- Related words: jundi, rivbi
a'e [interjection] — alertness, a'e nai — I'm tired
- i a'e ba vlile tcima — It's going to be a storm.
- i a'e nai mi ba klama lo ckana — Yaaaawn, I'm going to bed.
- Related words: sanji, cikna, tatpi
a'i [interjection] — Oomph! (effort, endeavor), a'i cu'i — no special effort, a'i nai — repose
- i a'i mi ca'o ralte — I'm trying to hold it!
- i a'i cu'i la'e ti frili — Ah, this is easy.
- i a'i nai cikre tu — Nah, why bother fixing it.
- Related words: snada, fliba, gunka, nandu, troci
a'o [interjection] — hope, a'o nai — Gah! (despair)
- i a'o pluka be do nicte — Good night to you!
- i a'o vamji fa lo nu zukte — I hope, it's worth doing it.
- i a'o nai mi co'u ponse da — Gah, I lost all my property.
- Related words: pacna
a'oi [vocative] — Ahoy! (greeting in a piratic manner)
- i a'oi la kevin ma nuzba — Ahoy, Kevin! What's up?
- Related words: coi, co'oi
a'u [interjection] — Hmm... I wonder ... (interest), a'u cu'i — Ho-hum (disinterest), a'u nai — Eww! Yuck! (repulsion)
- i a'u ro jbopre cu stati prenu — Interesting, all Lojbanists are smart people.
- i a'u ma krinu — Hm, what is the reason?
- i a'u cu'i do ne ka'ai pa nanla cu se zdani — It's none of my business that you live with a boy.
- i a'u nai do co'i speni lo fange — You married a stranger, it's none of my business, I'd avoid this topic.
- i a'u nai iu nai panci fa lo kalci i ai nai mi citka ti — Yuck, that smells like shit! I'm not going to eat this.
- Related words: lo se cinri
ai [interjection] — I'm gonna ... (intent), ai cu'i — indecision, ai nai — unintentionally, accidentally
- i ai mi vitke do — I'm going to visit you.
- i a'i cu'i mi klama lo zarci — I'm indecisive to whether I should go to a shop.
- i ai nai mi pu darxi do — I didn't mean to hit you.
- Related words: te mukti, zukte, cuxna
aidji — x1(entity) intends to do x2(property of x1)
- lo se aidji — intended action.
- i mi aidji lo ka klama la nipon — I am going to go to Japan.
- Related words: lo te mukti
akti — x1(entity) is running service x2(property of x1)
- lo akti — active, in action, working, in operation. lo se akti — active operation.
- i gau ko ta to'e akti — Turn that off.
- i gau ko ta akti — Turn it on.
- i mi ba jai gau akti fai le minji — I will get the machine running.
- i le zarci ca akti — The shop is open.
- i le minji ca akti lo ka cupra lo purmo — The machine is now in operation producing flour.
- Related words: zukcfu, spofu
anka — x1(entity) is a thigh, hip of x2(entity)
- i le verba pu jai gau spofu lo anka be lo no'a — The child broke his thigh.
- Related words: tornozelo
ankabuta — x1(entity) is a spider of species x2(taxon)
- lo ankabuta — spider.
- i xu do terpa tu'a lo ankabuta — Are you afraid of spiders?
- Related words: insekto, cinki, danlu
arte — x1(entity) is a piece of artwork
- lo arte — piece of artwork.
- i le vi arte pu jai rinka so'i nu darlu — There've been a lot of debates caused by this artwork.
- Related words: larcu, finti, pixra
arxokuna — x1(entity) is a raccoon of species x2(taxon)
- lo arxokuna — raccoon.
- i pa arxokuna cu zvati le mi kumfa co nu jukpa — There's a raccoon in my kitchen.
- Related words: danlu, mabru
asna — x1(property of x2) is a posture, stance, asana of body x2(entity)
- lo asna — posture (of body), body position, stance (of body), asana.
- i ra co'a se asna pa ckape ne'a le barda fenra — He took a dangerous pose near the abyss.
- Related words: morna
au [interjection] — Wish ... (desire), au cu'i — meh (indifference), au nai — Nuh-uh! (disinclination, reluctance)
- i au e'o tcati — I'd like some tea, please.
- i au cu'i do jai gau bredi fai lo cidja — You prepare the food or not ... I don't have any preferences.
- i au nai do cliva — I don't want you to leave.
- i au mi stali bu'u lo zdani gi'e nai kansa le nakni — I'd rather stay at home than come with him.
- Related words: djica
ba [preposition of tense] — after ... (in time), adverb: in future (expresses future tense)
- i mi ba bevri — I will bring it.
- i lo snuti ba fasnu — Accidents will happen.
- i mi pu na kufra ba lo nu le festi cu cinba mi — I felt uncomfortable after she kissed me.
ba'a [interjection] — I expect, ba'a cu'i — I experience, ba'a nai — I remember
- i ba'a lo mamta be mi ca zvati le zdani — I expect my mother to be at home now.
- i ba'a le pendo be mi pu jinga — I expect my friend to have won.
- i ba'a cu'i lo se klani be lo sovda cu lacri lo tcika be lo nu lo jipci co'a co'e — In my experience, the number of eggs depends on when a hen starts.
- i ba'a nai do na nelci lo laldo prenu — As I remember, you don't like old people.
- Comment: ba'a might refer to past events, which you simply don't have information about yet. ba'a marks not yet known, ba'a cu'i marks knowledge being acquired at the moment of speaking, ba'a nai marks already acquired knowledge.
- Related words: lifri, vedli, kanpe
ba'e [left interjection] — puts an emphasis on the following construct
- i mi djuno le du'u ma kau darxi ba'e la alis — I know who hit ALICE (not someone else).
- i vajni ba'e mi — It's important to ME.
- Related words: ba'e, za'e
ba'o [preposition of aspect] — in the aftermath (retrospective aspect)
- i mi ba'o citka pa plise — I have eaten an apple.
- i mi'o ba'o tavla — We are done talking.
- i mi ba'o xagji — I'm no longer hungry.
ba'u [interjection] — exaggeration, ba'u cu'i — to be precise, literally, ba'u nai — to put it mildly (understatement)
- i do no ba'u roi jimpe fi mi — You never understand me.
- i le pa tadni pu no ba'u cu'i roi jimpe zo'e noi mi ciksi fo ke'a — The student literally never understood my explanations.
- i le terdi cu barda ba'u nai — The Earth is big, to put it mildly.
- Related words: satci, zildukse
bacru — x1(entity) utters x2(sound, text)
- lo se bacru — uttered text or sound.
- i ko na cladu bacru — Don't talk loud.
- i le nakni pu bacru lu pa no li'u — He said "Ten".
- Comment: bacru is to vocally utter an actual sound, cusku is to say some text (which can be in any form including vocal)
- Related words: krixa, cusku, casnu, tavla, voksa, pinka
badna — x1(entity) is a banana fruit or plant of species x2(taxon)
- lo badna — banana.
- i ma jdima lo badna poi kilto lo grake — How much is the kilo of bananas?
- Related words: grute
badri — x1(entity) is sad about x2(clause, property of x1)
- lo badri — sad. lo se badri — sad event.
- i mi pu badri lo nu mi pu e'ande le fetsi lo ka zukte ma kau — I was sad of what I had allowed her to do.
- Related words: klaku, gleki, betri, cinmo, junri
bai [preposition from bapli] — compelled by force ...
- i mi pu stali bu'u lo zdani bai lo ka bilma — I stayed at home forced by my illness.
bajra — x1(entity) runs on surface x2(entity) using limbs x3(entity)
- lo bajra — runner.
- i mi bajra vi'i lo mitre be li ci ki'o — I ran three thousands meters.
- i xu do su'o roi senva lo ka bajra lo jdika grana loi xance be do — Have you ever dreamt of running on your hands on a narrow rod?
- Comment: doesn't necessarily imply any destination point. bajra muvdu can be used to describe both moving to and from some places by running.
- Related words: cadzu, klama, litru, stapa, plipe, cpare
bakfu — x1(entity) is a pack or bundle containing x2(entity group) held together by x3(entity)
- lo bakfu — pack, bundle. lo se bakfu — content of a pack.
- i ti bakfu lo se dunda lo dasri — This is a gift packed with a ribbon into a bundle.
- Related words: daski, dakli, tanxe
bakni — x1(entity) is a cow or bovine of species x2(taxon)
- lo bakni — cow.
- i mu bakni cu zvati le purdi — There are five cows in the garden.
- Related words: danlu
bakri — x1(entity) is some chalk
- lo bakri — chalk.
- i mi xebni lo bakri i ki'u bo ri punji lo purmo lo xance — I hate chalk. It leaves powder on hands.
- Related words: pinsi, blabi, jilka
baktu — x1(entity) is a pail, bucket containing x2(entity)
- lo baktu — bucket, pail. lo se baktu — contents of a bucket.
- i ko bevri le baktu be lo festi fo le dinju — Take the pail of bucket out of the house.
- Related words: botpi, patxu, tansi, lante, lanka
balji — x1(entity) is a bulb of plant x2(taxon)
- lo balji — bulb (of a plant).
- i ra pu sombo pa balji be lo flora le purdi — She planted a flower bulb in the garden.
- Related words: spati
balnema — x1(entity) is a baleen whale of species x2(taxon)
- lo balnema — baleen whale.
- i lei litru ca'o zgana lo melbi nu muvdu fa le balnema — The tourists are watching the graceful movement of a baleen whale.
balni — x1(entity) is a balcony or shelf of structure x2(entity)
- lo balni — balcony. lo se balni — building with a balcony.
- i mi cpana lo balni be le mi zdani — I am on the balcony of my home.
- i lo jvinu be fi le balni cu melbi — The view from the balcony is beautiful.
- Related words: kajna
balre — x1(entity) is a blade of tool or weapon x2(entity)
- lo balre — blade. lo se balre — tool with a blade, weapon with a blade.
- i le balre be le dakfu cu kinli — The blade of the knife is sharp.
- Related words: dakfu, tunta, tutci, guska, kinli, katna
balvi — x1(clause) is in the future of x2(clause) ; x1 is later than x2
- lo balvi — later event, future event. lo se balvi — earlier event, past event.
- i lo nu la kevin cu cliva pu balvi lo nu mi tsuku le xotli — Kevin left, and that happened after my arrival to the hotel.
- Related words: lidne, cabna, purci, farna
bambola — x1(entity) is a doll
- lo bambola — doll.
- i le nixli cu nelci tu noi bambola — The girl likes that doll.
- Related words: keltci, kelci
bambu — x1(entity) is a bamboo of variety x2(taxon)
- lo bambu — bamboo.
- i le bambu cu torni lo brife — Bamboo bends before the wind.
- Related words: spati, tricu
bancu — x1(entity) is beyond boundary x2(same type as x1) from x3(same type as x1) in x4(property of x1)
- i da lalxu gi'e bancu le tcadu — There is a lake beyond the city.
- i lo tai fasnu cu bancu lo se kakne be mi — Such things are beyond my powers.
- i le zdani cu bancu le vu tricu ti lo ka darno ti — The house is beyond those trees from here in how far it is from here.
- Related words: zildukse, ragve, zmadu, kuspe
bandu — x1(clause) defends x2(entity) from threat x3(property of x2)
- i lo nu brife e lo nu carvi cu bandu le dinju lo ka jelca — Wind and rain protect the house from burning.
- Related words: ckape, fanta, fapro, marbi, rivbi, zunti, snura, binra, lunbe, pulji
banfi — x1(entity) is an amphibian of species x2(taxon)
- lo banfi — amphibian.
- i lo remna cu simsa lo banfi lo ka se tarmi — Humans look like amphibians.
- Related words: danlu, respa
bangu — x1(entity) is a language used by x2(entity) to express x3(proposition)
- lo bangu — language. lo se bangu — user of a language.
- i xu do se bangu la lojban — Do you speak Lojban?
- i le nanmu pu pilno lo bangu be fi lo mabla — The man used foul language.
- Comment: x2 are usually live beings or computer programs.
- Related words: tance, cusku, ve tavla, valsi, gerna, jufra, natmi, slaka
banli — x1(entity) is great, magnificent in x2(property of x1)
- lo banli — great (superior).
- i le xamsi cu banli lo ka se jvinu ma kau le kumfa be le xotli — The sea looks magnificent from the hotel room.
- Related words: barda, nobli, se sinma, pluja, misno, vajni, fasnu, cizra, traji, mutce, marvele
banro — x1(entity) grows to size or into form x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- i le spati ca'o banro lo tricu lo se katna jimca — The plant is growing into a tree from a cut off branch.
- Related words: farvi, zenba, jmina, barda, makcu, ferti
banxa — x1(entity) is a bank owned by x2(entity) for banking functions x3(clause)
- lo banxa — bank. lo se banxa — bank owner, bank system. lo te banxa — function of bank.
- i ti banxa le gugde lo ka canja fo lo kagni i je to'u ti banxa fi lo kagni — This bank owned by state works with companies, in short, this is a commercial bank.
- Comment: x2 can be a banking system.
- Related words: sorcu, zarci, canja, kagni
banzu — x1(clause) is enough for purpose x2(clause) to take place
- i lo nu mi tavla fo la lojban na banzu lo nu mi jimpe do — My level of speaking Lojban isn't enough to understand you.
- i lo nu do ca klama cu da'i banzu lo nu do tsuku ca le se tcika — Leaving now would be enough for you to arrive on time.
- i banzu lo se djica be mi — It's enough for me.
- Related words: zildukse, claxu, nitcu, ricfu, e'ande
bapli — x1(clause) forces, convinces x2(clause) to occur
- lo bapli — force.
- i le tcima pu bapli lo nu le nakni cu stali lo zdani — The violent weather forced him to stay at home.
- i le snuti pu bapli lo nu le prenu cu zenba co jundi — The accident convinced him to be more careful.
- Related words: fanta, rinju, jimte, jitro, rinka, krinu, zukte, tolpro, danre, bai, marxa, tinsa, xarnu
barda — x1(entity) is big, large in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo barda — large, big.
- i le tanxe pu barda lo ka se canlu — The box occupied large space.
- i le nu penmi pu barda lo ka se ditcu — The meeting lasted for a large amount of time.
- Related words: banli, clani, ganra, condi, plana, cmalu, rotsu, banro, xanto
bargu — x1(entity) is an arch over or around x2(entity)
- lo bargu — arch.
- i lei tricu cu bargu le dargu — The trees form an arch over the road.
- Related words: cripu, korcu, condi
barja — x1(entity) is a bar serving x2(entity) to customers x3(entity)
- lo barja — bar.
- i ti barja lo ckafi lo litru — This is a bar serving coffee to tourists.
- Related words: gusta, birje, jikru, sanmi, vanju, xotli, ckafi, se pinxe
barna — x1(entity) is a mark, spot on x2(entity)
- lo barna — mark, spot.
- i le barna be le kamju cu flalu barna le dargu — The mark on the pillar is a road sign.
- Related words: sinxa, pixra, se ciska, se prina
bartu — x1(entity) is outside of x2(entity)
- lo bartu — something outside. lo se bartu — something inside.
- i ei mi klama lo bartu be lo zdani — I should go out.
- Related words: jibni, nenri, sruri, lamji, korbi, calku, vasru
basna — x1(entity) emphasizes x2(entity) by action x3(property of x1)
- lo se basna — emphasis (something emphasized).
- i mi pu basna lo nu lo nu ca'o gunka cu vajni vau lo ka cladu cusku — I emphasized the importance of continuing to work by saying it aloud.
basti — x1(entity) is a replacement for x2(entity) ; x1 is instead of x2
- lo basti — replacement (object). lo se basti — something replaced.
- i ma ba basti do — Who will replace you?
- Related words: se ba'i, binra
batci — x1(entity) bites or pinches x2(entity)
- lo se batci — bitten.
- i pa gerku pu batci mi re'o lo tuple — A dog bit me in the leg.
- Related words: denci, jgalu, guska, citka
batke — x1(entity) is a button or knob on x2(entity)
- lo batke — button.
- i ra pu ru'i jgari pa batke be lo kosta pe vo'a — He was holding a button of his coat.
- Related words: jadni, balji, punji, jgari, lasna
bau [preposition] — in language ...
- i mi tavla bau la lojban — I talk in Lojban language.
- Comment: in the clause where bau is used x1 is user of the language, the clause itself describes what is expressed in this language.
bavlamdei — x1(clause) is tomorrow, the day that follows the day x2(clause)
- lo bavlamdei — tomorrow, the day that follows.
- i ko klama ca lo bavlamdei — Come tomorrow!
- i ca lo bavlamdei be lo nu mi tsuku vau mi co'a ganse lo cizra — On the day following my arrival I started feeling something strange.
- Related words: djedi, cabdei, prulamdei, cedra, ditcu
bavmi — x1(entity) is some barley of species x2(taxon)
- lo bavmi — barley.
- i lo bavmi cu ralju se cupra bu'u — Barley is the main product here.
- Related words: gurni
be — continues the verb by adding more nouns to it (by default starting from x2) and prepositions
- i lo tixnu be mi cu melbi — My daughter is pretty.
- Related words: bei
be'e [vocative] — request to send/speak
- i be'e lo nobli do mulno xu — Pardon, Sir/Madam, are you finished?
- i be'e le pendo — Hello, are you still there, friend?
be'i [preposition from benji] — sent by ...
- i ti me lo se dunda ne be'i la kevin — This a present sent by Kevin.
be'o [terminator] — ends a construct started with: be, bei
be'u [interjection modifier] — lack/need, be'u cu'i — presence/satisfaction, be'u nai — satiation
- i u'i be'u ko skicu lo pa drata lisri — Hehe, not that funny, tell me another story.
- i ui be'u cu'i do bevri le re verba mlatu noi mi pu djica — Yay, you brought the two kittens whom I wanted.
- i u'i be'u nai ba'a mi ca farlu lo loldi — Ha-ha-ha, so funny, I can't laugh anymore, I might fall down to the floor now.
- Related words: claxu, nitcu, mansa
bebna — x1(entity) is foolish, stupid in x2(property of x1)
- lo bebna — fool, stupid. lo se bebna — foolish action.
- i ko na bebna lo ka fe da ca'o cusku — Don't be silly in repeating the same.
- Related words: fenki, xajmi, prije, fliba
bei [middle separator] — separates nouns attached to verb with be — ends a construct started with: be
bekpi — x1(entity) is the back, dorsum, 'posterior' body-part of x2(entity)
- lo bekpi — back (of body).
- i lo bekpi be mi za'o se cortu — My back still hurts.
- Comment: not necessarily at the back of body (determined by bilateral symmetry of the body).
- Related words: trixe, cutne
bemro — x1(entity) is North American in x2(property of x1)
- lo bemro — North American.
- i mi nelci lo bemro tumla — I like North American lands.
- Related words: merko, ketco
bende — x1(entity) is a team or crew of persons x2(entity group) led by x3(entity)
- lo bende — team (crew). lo se bende — member of a team. lo te bende — leader of a team.
- i mi cmima pa bende be lo stati prenu bei la robin bei te fi'e lo ka tadni la lojban — I am a member of a team of smart people led by Robin and learning Lojban.
- Related words: gunma, girzu, dansu, jatna, jitro, kagni, kamni, minde, ralju, cecmu, gidva
benji — x1(entity) transmits x2(entity) to receiver x3(entity) from origin x4(entity) via x5(entity)
- lo benji — transmitter. lo te benji — transmission receiver. lo ve benji — origin of a transmission. lo xe benji — medium of transmission.
- i mi ba benji lo xatra do fu la internet fo lo skami pe lo mi zdani — I will send you a letter via the internet from my home computer.
- i pa gunka pu benji pa sinxa pa drata gunka lo galtu lo sance — A worker sent a sound signal to another worker from the above.
- Comment: transmitter in English can denote both lo benji and lo xe benji.
- Related words: muvdu, dunda, mrilu, nirna, volta, cradi, tivni, preja, be'i, bevri, mrilu, tcana
bersa — x1(entity) is a son of x2(entity)
- lo bersa — son. lo se bersa — parent of a son.
- i mi se bersa re da — I have two sons.
- Related words: tixni, se rirni, verba, nanla, nakni, patfu, bruna
berti — x1(entity) is to the northern side of x2(entity)
- lo berti — northern.
- i za'u pa purdi be fi lo grute cu berti le tcadu — Fruit gardens are to the north of the city.
- Related words: snanu, stici, stuna, farna
besna — x1(entity) is a brain of x2(entity)
- lo besna — brain.
- i ro remna da se besna — All humans have brains.
- Related words: menli, stedu, rango, pensi
betfu — x1(entity) is a belly, abdomen, lower trunk of body x2(entity)
- lo betfu — abdomen, belly.
- i lo betfu be mi cu se cortu — My belly hurts.
- Related words: cutne, livga, canti
betka — x1(entity) is a beet of variety x2(taxon)
- lo betka — beet.
- i ti na ciblu gi'e ja'a betka — It's not blood. It's beet.
- Related words: stagi
betri — x1(property of x2) is a tragedy for x2(entity)
- lo betri — tragedy.
- i pu betri le nakni fa lo ka co'u se bersa lo ro pa mei — It was a tragedy for him to lose his only son.
- Related words: badri, xlali, morsi, binra
bevri — x1(entity) brings, transports x2(entity) to x3(entity) from x4(entity) by path x5(entity)
- lo bevri — carrier. lo se bevri — cargo.
- i mi pu bevri pa patxu be lo nudle fu'e ta'o fi pa purdi fo pa nu jukpa vau kumfa fu pa rokci dargu fu'o — I carried a bowl of noodles (to the garden from the kitchen via a rocky road).
- i la kevin pu bevri pa gerku lo zdani — Kevin brought a dog home.
- i mi pu bevri pa fonxa fo pa daski — I took the phone out of the pocket.
- Related words: bevri, marce, muvdu, benji, klama
bi [digit/number] — 8, eight
- i bi flora ca zvati le purdi — There are 9 pencils that I use.
bi'i [conjunction] — between ... and ...
- i mi sanli pa dinju bi'i pa rirxe — I am standing between a house and a river.
bi'o [conjunction] — between ... and ... (ordered)
- i mi gunka de'i li cy bi bi'o li cy pa ze — I work from 8 to 17 o'clock.
bi'u [interjection] — newly introduced information, bi'u nai — previously introduced information
- i lo bi'u nai nixli pu klama pa panka i bi'u le nixli ca tavla pa nanla bu'u le panka — That girl (mentioned earlier), she went to a park. What is new is that she is talking to a boy there.
- Comment: the situation may be not new but that the noun marked with bi'u appears in it is new. bi'u introduces new objects, events facts, not just rephrases earlier facts.
- Related words: cnino
bidju — x1(entity) is a bead, pebble
- lo bidju — pebble, bead.
- i mu bidju pu zvati ti — There were five pebbles here.
- Related words: bolci, canre, lakse, dirgo
bifce — x1(entity) is a bee or wasp of species x2(taxon)
- lo bifce — bee, wasp.
- i lo bifce cu vofli ne'a lo flora — Bees are flying near the flowers.
- Related words: cinki, sfani, lakse
bikla — x1(entity) whips, lashes
- lo bikla — whip.
- i lo carvi pu bikla ta'i lo ka janli pa canko — The rain whipped against the window.
- Related words: skori, darxi
bilga — x1(entity) is obligated to do x2(property of x1) by agreement x3(proposition)
- lo se bilga — obligation, duty.
- i mi bilga lo ka jai gau volta fai ti noi cukta vau ca lo cabdei vau pa pu se nupre be mi — I must return this book today fulfilling my earlier promise.
- Related words: zifre, fuzme
bilma — x1(entity) is ill, sick with symptoms x2(property of x1) from disease x3(clause)
- lo bilma — ill. lo se bilma — symptom of an illness. lo te bilma — disease.
- i ra pu terpa lo ka co'a bilma fi la zukam — She was afraid to catch a cold.
- i mi bilma lo ka cortu lo denci vau lo influ'enza — I've got the flu and my teeth hurt.
- Related words: kanro, mikce, spita, senci, kafke, binra
binra — x1(entity) insures x2(entity) against threat x3(clause) with benefit x4(entity)
- lo binra — insurer, underwriter. lo se binra — insured thing or person. lo ve binra — insurance compensation.
- i le kagni cu binra lo se esporte lo xrani lo ka pleji lo jdini — The company insures the sportsman against injuries by paying money as an insurance.
- Related words: bandu, cirko, betri, basti, bilma
binxo — x1(entity) transforms into x2(entity)
- i ba zi ku mi binxo lo gleki — Soon I will become happy.
- i do pu binxo lo lazni — You became lazy.
- Comment: binxo describes that entity turns into another entity, galfi is to turn one entity into another one. cenba describes how entity changes its state while remaining the same entity, stika is to make entity change its state.
- Related words: cenba, galfi, stika, zasni
birje — x1(entity) some beer brewed from x2(entity)
- lo birje — beer, ale.
- i ti birje lo badna — This is banana beer.
- Related words: pinxe, barja, jikru, vanju, xalka, fusra
birka — x1(entity) is an arm of body x2(entity)
- lo birka — arm.
- i ra jai se torni pa birka be mi — She twisted my arm.
- Related words: jimca, janco, xance, rebla
birti — x1(entity) is convinced that x2(proposition) is true
- lo birti — convinced, sure.
- i mi birti le du'u do ba snada — I am sure you will succeed.
- i xu do mo'u jai gau birti fai loi rirni lo nu le nu litru na ckape — Have you persuaded your parents that the journey wouldn't be dangerous?
- Related words: jetnu, jinvi, krici, djuno, senpi, sruma
bisli — x1(entity) is some ice
- lo bisli — ice.
- i au mi viska lo bisli cmana — I'd like to see ice mountains.
- Related words: kunra, litki, lenku, krili, bratu, snime, carvi
bitmu — x1(entity) is a wall of construct x2(entity)
- lo bitmu — fence, wall. lo se bitmu — building with walls.
- i lo bitmu be le purdi jo'u le foldi cu rotsu — The fence between the garden and the field is thick.
- i pa me ti noi bitmu le malsi cu sinxa lo pu nu le gugde cu vlipa — One of these walls of the temple is a sign of the past power of the country.
- Related words: jbini, sepli, fendi, canko, drudi, kumfa, loldi, senta, snuji, pagre, gacri, kuspe, marbi, vorme
bitni — x1(entity) is x2(number) bits in size
- lo se bitni — bit (data).
- i le vreji cu bitni lo kilto — The file is 1000 bit.
- Related words: datni
blabi — x1(entity) is white
- lo blabi — white.
- i lo denci be le fetsi pu blabi — Her teeth were white.
- Related words: skari, xekri, grusi, kandi, manku, carmi, bakri, blanu, bunre, cicna, crino, narju, nukni, pelxu, xunre, zirpu
blaci — x1(entity) is some glass
- lo blaci — glass (substance).
- i le kabri cu blaci — The cup is made of glass.
- Related words: kabri
blanu — x1(entity) is blue
- lo blanu — blue.
- i lo tsani cu blanu ca lo cabdei — The sky is blue today.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, zirpu, kandi, carmi, cicna
blato — x1(entity) is a cockroach, termite of species x2(taxon)
- lo blato — cockroach.
- i lo blato cu mipri lo nei ca lo donri — Cockroaches hide themselves during daytime.
- Related words: cinki, civla, manti
bliku — x1(entity) is a block
- lo bliku — block.
- i le dinju cu te zbasu lo rokci bliku — The house is built of stone blocks.
- Related words: tapla, kubli, tanbo, canlu, kojna, sefta, bolci, kurfa, tarmi
blondine — x1(entity) is blond, fair-haired
- lo blondine — blond.
- i pa blondine nixli pu tsuku te zu'e lo ka penmi do — A girl with blond hair arrived to meet you.
- Comment: blond is a color special to mammal and human hair.
- Related words: brunete, kerfa
bloti — x1(entity) is a boat or ship for carrying x2(entity)
- lo bloti — boat. lo se bloti — cargo of a boat, passenger of a boat.
- i mi pu ca'o se bloti pa te falnu — I was a passenger on a sailboat.
- Related words: falnu, fulta, marce, jatna, sabnu
bo [1st meaning] — more tightly binds two parts inside a compound verb
- i mi pu penmi pa drata merko bo jbopre — I met another American Lojbanist.
- i ko catlu lo barda se kanla melbi — Look at the beauty with big eyes.
- i ko catlu lo barda se kanla bo melbi — Look at the big beauty-with-eyes.
- Related words: ke
bo [2nd meaning] — placed after preposition to bind the sentence to the previous sentence
- i mi pu plipe i ja'e bo mi pu kuspe lo drudi — I jumped so that I reached the roof.
- Related words: i
bo [3rd meaning] — placed after preposition to bind constructs from both sides of a conjunction
- i la tom pu bilma gi'e ja'e bo pu na kakne lo ka klama — Tom was ill and that's why couldn't come.
- i mi e ba bo do klama lo nenri — First I, then you enter.
- Related words: i
boi — ends a string of numbers
- i mi pu citka ci boi ro moi jbari — I ate three last berries.
- Comment: usually used to separate a number from the next number belonging to another construct.
bolci — x1(entity) is a ball
- lo bolci — ball, sphere.
- i le bolci pu gunro fe'e mo'u lo flu'ente — The ball rolled into the stream.
- Related words: bliku, cukla, bidju, gunro
bombila — x1(entity) is a light bulb
- lo bombila — light bulb.
- i le bombila cu spofu — The light bulb is broken.
- Related words: minji, cabra, matra, tutci
bongu — x1(entity) is a bone of body part or body x2(entity)
- lo bongu — bone.
- i mi pu darxi lo bongu be lo tuple be mi se pi'o pa grana — I hit my leg bone with a stick.
- Related words: greku, denci, jirna, sarji
boske — x1(entity) is a forest with components x2(taxon)
- lo boske — forest, selva, jungles.
- i ti boske lo clani tricu jo'u lo kliti dertu — This is a forest of long trees and clay loams.
- Related words: foldi, tricu, mudri, gumri, danlu
botpi — x1(entity) is a bottle for x2(entity)
- lo botpi — bottle, jar, flask. lo se botpi — contents of a bottle.
- i le botpi be lo birje cu blaci — Bottles of beer are made of glass.
- Comment: bottle described by botpi must have a lid by design. For bottles without lids use kabri or patxu.
- Related words: baktu, lante, patxu, tansi, tanxe, vasru, gacri
boxfo — x1(entity) is a sheet
- lo boxfo — sheet, blanket.
- i mi ba bevri pa boxfo do — I will bring you a blanket.
- Related words: plita, cinje, polje, slasi, tinci
boxna — x1(entity) is a wave in x2(entity)
- lo boxna — wave.
- i da pu barda boxna le xamsi — There was a big wave in the sea.
- Related words: slilu, dikni, cinje, polje, morna, canre
bradi — x1(entity) is an enemy of x2(entity) in struggle x3(property of x1 and x2)
- lo bradi — enemy. lo se bradi — someone who has an enemy. lo te bradi — struggle between enemies.
- i lo tance be mi mi bradi lo nu mi troci lo ka pilno le tance lo ka bacru lo lojbo valsi — My tongue is my enemy when I'm trying to use it to utter Lojban words.
- Related words: damba, jamna, darlu, pendo, fapro, gunta, sarji, jivna, jinga
bramlatu — x1(entity) is a big cat of species x2(taxon)
- lo bramlatu — tiger, lion, panther, leopard, cheetah.
- i ju'o cu'i lo bramlatu cu se zdani le tutra — Big cats may inhabit this area.
- Related words: cinfo, mlatu
bratu — x1(entity) is hail
- lo bratu — hail, sleet.
- i le bratu pu vlile — The hailstorm was violent.
- Related words: carvi, snime, bisli, tcima
brazo — x1(entity) is Brazilian in x2(property of x1)
- lo brazo — Brazilian.
- i le finti cu brazo — The author is Brazilian.
- Related words: porto, ketco
bredi — x1(entity) is ready for x2(clause)
- lo bredi — ready.
- i mi bredi lo ka cadzu ka'ai do — I am ready to walk with you.
- Related words: spaji, jukpa
bridi — x1(proposition) is a predicate relationship with the main relation x2(property of nonce place, has places for ce'u applied to x3) and having arguments x3(ordered entity group)
- i le du'u mi dunda ti do cu bridi lo ka dunda vau mi ce'o ti ce'o do — That I give this to you is a relationship with the main relation of giving and sequential arguments being me, this and you.
- i le du'u mi prami do cu bridi lo ka ce'u prami ce'u vau mi ce'o do — That I love you is a grammatical relationship with the main relation of someone loving someone and the roles being me and you correspondingly.
- Related words: sumti, fancu
brife — x1(entity) is wind from direction x2(entity)
- lo brife — wind. lo se brife — direction of a wind.
- i oi le brife be lo berti se la'u li du'e carmi — Oh, the northern wind is too strong.
- Related words: tcima
briju — x1(entity) is an office or bureau of workers x2(entity)
- lo briju — office (bureau).
- i ti briju le mikce — This is the doctor's office.
- Related words: jibri, gunka
brisni — x1(text) is a clause with the main verb x2(text) that has arguments x3(ordered text group)
- lo brisni — grammatical clause. lo se brisni — main verb of a clause. lo te brisni — places of a grammatical clause.
- i lu ma nuzba li'u brisni — "What's up?" is a grammatical clause.
- i lu mi dunda ti do li'u brisni zo dunda zo mi ce'o zo ti ce'o zo do — "I give this to you." is a clause with the main verb "give" that has sequential places "I","this","you".
- Related words: bridi, sumti, fancu
broda [verb] — to be the thingumajig No. 1 (predicate variable 1)
- i mi pu klama cei broda le zarci i ba bo mi ze'a sipna i xu do ba broda — I went to the market, and then I slept. Will you go to the market?
- Comment: a placeholder for any verb (that thus can have any place structure). broda, brode etc. are just variables, they can denote different verbs or the same verb. broda brode is a generalized representation of a compound verb (lo tanru) made of two verbs.
- Related words: bu'a
brode [verb] — to be the thingumajig No. 2 (predicate variable 2)
- i la alis mo'u citka cei brode pa plise i je la kevin cu brode — Alice has eaten up an apple. And Kevin ate an apple too.
- Comment: can have any place structure.
- Related words: bu'a, broda
brodi [verb] — to be the thingumajig No. 3 (predicate variable 3)
- i la alis cu zbasu cei brodi lo pixra i mi na brodi — Alice draw pictures. I don't.
- Comment: can have any place structure.
- Related words: bu'a, broda
brodo [verb] — to be the thingumajig No. 4 (predicate variable 4)
- i ma pu renro cei brodo le rokci i mu'a mi pu na brodo — Who threw the rock? For example, I didn't.
- Comment: can have any place structure.
- Related words: bu'a, broda
brodu [verb] — to be the thingumajig No. 5 (predicate variable 5)
- i ti gusta lo se nelci be mi cei brodu i ku'i lo mamta be mi ku ji'a cu zbasu lo brodu — This restaurant serves the food that I like. However, my mother as well makes the food that I like.
- Comment: can have any place structure.
- Related words: bu'a, broda
bruna — x1(entity) is a brother of x2(entity) bonded by x3(property of x1 and x2)
- lo bruna — brother. lo se bruna — sibling of a brother.
- i do bruna mi lo ka se mamta — You are my brother since we are born from the same mother.
- Related words: mensi, tunba, tamne, famti, bersa
brunete — x1(entity) is a brunet/brunette, having brown or black hair
- lo brunete — brunet.
- i doi la alis do te rai nelci lo blondine ji lo brunete — Alice, whom do you like more, blondes or brunets?
- Related words: blondine, kerfa
bu — turn one word into letter pronoun
- i mi pilno la'e me'o vy bu vy bu vy bu — I use WWW.
- i la alis pu klama pa zarci i je ku'i mi na djuno le du'u a bu pu te vecnu ma kau — Alice went to a store, but I don't know what A (Alice) bought.
- Comment: From verbs: xy zei kantu bu (lujvo formed with zei). From nouns: vy. bu (it denotes the letter "w" and thus isn't the same as vy.), zo a bu, zoi ly.klama.ly. bu, lo'u klam le'u bu. The following sequences are not grammatical: bu bu, si bu, sa bu, zei bu, fa'o bu, zo bu, zoi bu, lo'u bu.
bu'a [verb] — there exists some relation: 1st verb of bu'a, bu'e, bu'i series
- i fau lo nu do djica lo nu bu'a cu bu'a gau ko — If there is something you want to happen, make it happen.
bu'e [verb] — there exists some relation: 2nd verb of bu'a, bu'e, bu'i series
- i su'o bu'a su'o bu'e su'o bu'i zo'u lo nu bu'a cu ka'e se jalge lo nu bu'e ca lo nu bu'i — There is an event X, an event Y and event Z such that X can lead to Y during Z.
bu'i [verb] — there exists some relation: 3rd verb of bu'a, bu'e, bu'i series
- i su'o bu'a su'o bu'e su'o bu'i zo'u lo nu bu'a cu ka'e se jalge lo nu bu'e ca lo nu bu'i — There is an event X, an event Y and event Z such that X can lead to Y during Z.
bu'o [interjection modifier] — shows the start of emotion, bu'o cu'i — shows the continuation of emotion, bu'o nai — shows the end of emotion
- i za'o ku do tsuku ui bu'o — At last you arrived, and I'm happy now!
- i ua nai bu'o cu'i la alis cu simsa fi lo ka na zvati — What's going on, Alice is also not present.
- i u'i bu'o nai mi di'a gunka — Enough laughing, I'm back to work.
bu'u [preposition of place] — at ... (some place)
- i mi xabju ze'a lo nanca be li ci lo bu'u dinju — I've been living for three years in this house.
- i le verba ca sipna bu'u le kumfa — The child is now sleeping in the room.
budjo — x1(entity) is Buddhist in x2(property of x1)
- lo budjo — Buddhist.
- i xu do budjo — Are you a Buddhist?
- Related words: latna, lijda
bukpu — x1(entity) is some cloth
- lo bukpu — cloth.
- i le bukpu cu cpana le jubme — The cloth is on the table.
- Related words: mapni, matli, sunla, slasi, silka
bumru — x1(entity) is covered by a fog or mist of liquid x2(entity)
- lo bumru — foggy. lo se bumru — fog, mist.
- i le xamsi cu bumru lo lenku dirgo — The sea is covered by a fog of cold drops.
- Related words: djacu, carvi, danmo, lunsa, tcima, gapci
bunda — x1(entity) is x2(number) weight units in standard x3(property of x1)
- i ti noi tanxe cu bunda li pa no lo ka ki'ogra — This box is 10 kilograms in weight.
- Related words: grake, junta, tilju, rupnu, fepni, dekpu, gutci, minli, merli, kramu
bunre — x1(entity) is brown
- lo bunre — brown.
- i le bunre gerku pu zvafa'i pa blabi ractu — The brown dog found a white rabbit.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi
burcu — x1(entity) is a brush for doing x2(clause) with bristles x3(entity)
- lo burcu — brush. lo se burcu — purpose for a brush. lo te burcu — bristle of a brush.
- i ti burcu lo nu punji lo cinta vau lo cmalu — This is a brush for painting with small bristles.
- Related words: kombitu, pinsi
burna — x1(entity) is flustered, disconcerted by x2(clause)
- lo burna — flustered. lo se burna — befuddling event.
- i xu do burna lo ka pilno la lojban — Are you disconcerted of using Lojban?
- Related words: cinmo
by [pronoun] — b (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like by is for the last lo bredi used.
ca [preposition of tense] — during ..., at ... (at time), simultaneousely with ... (in time), adverb: meanwhile, now, currently (expresses present tense)
- i lei rirni pu zvati lo barja i ca bo lei verba cu kansa no da bu'u lo zdani — The parents were in the bar; meanwhile the children were alone at home.
- i ko smaji ca lo nu mi tavla — Be quite while I'm talking.
- i ca lo nu do cinmo lo ka kansa no da zo'u ko morji lo se gleki be mi'o mokca — When you feel lonely, remember the happy moments we had together.
- i mi pu prami do i mi ca prami do i mi ba prami do — I loved you. I love you. I will love you.
ca'a [preposition of potential] — actually is ..., actually does ...
- i mi ca'a limna — I'm actually swimming.
- i la kevin ca ca'a jatna — Kevin is now acting as a captain.
- Comment: describes demonstrated activity.
- Related words: jarco, pu'i, fau
ca'e [interjection] — I define
- i ca'e do zutse va — You sit there!
- i ca'e do klama ka'ai mi — You go with me!
- i ca'e lo se gunka cu mulno — The work is hereby done.
- i ca'e gusni — Let there be light!
- Related words: jetnu
ca'o [preposition of aspect] — progress of the event. be doing ... (someone or something), being ... (someone or something), already
- i le verba ca'o citka — The child is eating.
- Comment: describes an event as progressing whether or not it is continuous (for which ru'i is to be used); progressive aspect.
ca'u [preposition of cardinal direction] — to the front of ..., between me and ...
- i lo snime cu mitre li pa ca'u lo vorme pe do — There is snow one meter thick in front of your door.
cabdei — x1(clause) is today, the same day as x2(clause)
- lo cabdei — today.
- i lo cabdei cu detri li jy dy ze — Today is Sunday.
- Related words: djedi, prulamdei, bavlamdei, cedra, ditcu
cabna — x1(clause) is current with x2(clause) in time
- lo cabna — current, concurrent, simultaneous.
- i lo xamgu fasnu cu cabna lo xlali fasnu — Good and bad events happen at the same time.
- Related words: zvati, balvi, purci, ca, ca'a
cabra — x1(entity) is apparatus for function x2(clause) controlled by agent x3(entity)
- lo cabra — apparatus. lo se cabra — function of an apparatus.
- i ti cabra lo ka zalvi lo gurni vau lo xance — This is a hand-controlled machine for grinding grain.
- Comment: cabra is for devices controlled by external force, minji is for machines working automatically, zmiku is for robots in general.
- Related words: tutci, minji, finti, girzu, ganzu, pilno
cacra — x1(clause) is x2(number) hours in duration
- lo cacra — hour-long event.
- i ca ku lo nicte cu cacra li mu — At this time, night is 5 hours long.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one hour in duration
- Related words: junla, mentu, snidu, tcika, temci
cadzu — x1(entity) walks on surface x2(entity) with limbs x3
- lo cadzu — walker.
- i mi pu ru'i cadzu lo srasu lo jamfu ca lo nu do tsuku — I was walking on the grass on foot when you arrived.
- Related words: stapa, bajra, klama, litru
cafne — x1(clause) occurs frequently
- lo cafne — frequent event.
- i banzu cafne fa lo nu mi vitke lo patfu be mi — It's quite often that I visit my father.
- Related words: rirci, fadni, kampu, rapli, krefu, lakne, so'i roi
cagna — x1(entity) at locus x2(entity)
- lo cagna — wound.
- i ti cagna lo pu se zvati be pa denci bu'u lo moklu be le nakni ri'a lo nu lo mikce mo'u vimcu le denci — This is a wound in his mouth at the place where there was a tooth and caused by removal of the tooth by a doctor.
- Related words: xrani, bilma
cai [right scalar particle] — critical, extreme intensity
- i oi cai — Ah, pain, I'm going to lose consciousness now!!!
cakla — x1(entity) is some chocolate or cocoa
- lo cakla — chocolate.
- i mi nelci lo blabi cakla ne se mau lo manku cakla — I prefer white chocolate to dark chocolate.
- Related words: ckafi
calku — x1(entity) is a shell or husk around x2(entity)
- lo calku — shell.
- i mi nitcu lo calku be lo stedu — I need a head helmet.
- Related words: pilka, skapi, gacri, bartu
canci — x1(entity) vanishes from location x2(entity)
- i do canci lo jvinu be fi mi — You disappeared from my view.
- Related words: cliva, ganse, zgana, lebna, vimcu
cange — x1(entity) is a farm or ranch at x2(entity) farmed by x3(entity) that raises or produces x4(entity)
- lo cange — farm. lo te cange — farmer. lo ve cange — farm production.
- i ti cange lo barda tumla lo mensi be mi lo vanjba — This is a farm covering a large parcel of land; it's kept by my sister and produces grapes.
- Related words: purdi, nurma, ferti, foldi, xarju
canja — x1(entity) trades commodity x2(entity, property of x1) for x3(entity, property of x4) with x4(entity)
- lo canja — trader. lo se canja — commodity.
- i e'u mi canja lo bidju lo ka jarco lo tatru be do mi vau do — Let me give you these beads in exchange that you show me your breast.
- Comment: jdima is for cost/price/value distinction.
- Related words: dunda, friti, vecnu, zarci, jdini, pleji, jdima, jerna, kargu, banxa, cirko, dunda, janta, kargu, prali, sfasa, zivle
canko — x1(entity) is a window or portal in wall or building x2(entity)
- lo canko — window. lo se canko — building with a window.
- i le canko be le karce cu kalri — The window in the car is open.
- Related words: vorme, bitmu, ganlo, murta, pagre, kevna, jvinu, kalri, kuspe
canlu — x1(entity) is a space or room occupied by x2(entity)
- lo canlu — space.
- i lo canlu be le purdi cu barda — The garden occupies a large space.
- Related words: kensa, bliku, kumfa, kevna, kunti, tubnu, dekpu
canpa — x1(entity) is a shovel or spade for doing x2(clause)
- lo canpa — shovel.
- i ti canpa lo nu kakpa lo dertu vau ji lo nu katna lo genja — Is this spade for digging ground or for cutting roots?
- Related words: kakpa, guska, tutci
canre — x1(entity) is some sand or grit
- lo canre — sand.
- i mi pu zvafa'i lo jamfu prina be lo canre — I found some footprints in the sand.
- i mi pu se nandu lo ka cadzu lo canre poi gunma lo cmalu rokci — It was hard for me to walk on the sand made of small stones.
- Related words: bidju, rokci, zalvi, boxna
canti — x1(entity) is the intestines or guts of x2(entity)
- lo canti — intestine, gut.
- i lo jurme co'a xabju lo canti be lo cifnu ba zi lo nu ri jbena — Bacteria colonize the intestines of a child soon after it is born.
- Related words: betfu
carce — x1(entity) is a carriage or wagon with wheels for carrying x2(entity)
- lo carce — carriage. lo se carce — cargo of a carriage.
- i mi sazri pa carce be lo karce — I am driving a car transporter.
- Comment: carce is designed to be with wheels, marce isn't and is more generic.
- Related words: karce, xislu, marce, matra
carmi — x1(entity) is bright or intense in x2(property of x1)
- lo carmi — bright, intense.
- i ei do carmi lo ka tadni — You should study hard.
- i ti noi bombila cu carmi lo ka te gusni — This light bulb gives a bright light.
- Related words: denmi, gusni, kandi, ruble, skari, tilju, tsali, mutce, blabi, blanu, bunre, cicna, crino, grusi, narju, nukni, pelxu, xekri, xunre, zirpu
carna — x1(entity) turns or rotates around axis x2(entity) in direction x3(entity)
- lo carna — rotating. lo se carna — axis of rotation. lo te carna — direction of rotation.
- i ko carna klama lo pritu — Turn to the right.
- i ko pritu carna — Turn right.
- i le xislu pu carna lo grana lo zunle ki lo galtu — The wheel was rotating around the rod counterclockwise when viewed from above.
- Comment: in x3 use lo pritu for clockwise movement and zunle for counterclockwise movement.
- Related words: gunro, jendu
cartu — x1(entity) is a chart or diagram of x2(entity) showing information x3(proposition)
- lo cartu — chart. lo se cartu — picture on a chart.
- i ti cartu pa fange tcadu lo dargu — This is a map showing roads of an alien city.
- i gau ko zgana fa mi lo cartu be lo nu'o se zvati be mi'o — Show me a map of a place where you and I haven't been.
- Related words: platu
carvi — x1(entity) rains or showers to x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- lo carvi — rain. lo te carvi — rain cloud.
- i ca ca'o carvi — It's raining.
- i lo snime pu carmi carvi le lalxu lo barda dilnu — It was snowing hard onto the lake from a large cloud.
- Related words: bratu, dilnu, santa, snime, tcima, bisli, bumru
casnu — x1(entity group) discuss x2(entity)
- lo casnu — debaters. lo se casnu — topic of a discussion.
- i le fetsi jo'u mi pu casnu pa arte — She and I discussed a piece of art.
- Comment: do jo'u mi casnu means You and I discuss with each other, la alis jo'u do jo'u bo mi casnu means Alices discusses with us (you and me) (not necessarily that you and I discuss it), do e mi casnu means You discuss, I discuss (not necessarily with each other, each of us might be discussing with different people).
- Related words: bacru, cusku, darlu, tavla
catke — x1(entity) shoves or pushes x2(entity)
- i ko catke la'e me'o so pa pa — Dial 911!
- i le nixli pu catke le nanla re'o lo stedu be ri — The girl pushed the boy on his head.
- Comment: danre is for non-agentive force.
- Related words: danre, darxi, lacpu
catlu — x1(entity) looks at x2(entity)
- i ko catlu mi — Look at me.
- Related words: jvinu, minra, simlu, viska, lanli, zgana, setca, viska
catni — x1(entity) has authority over matter x2(property of x1) on the basis of x3(property of x2)
- lo catni — someone with authority.
- i mi co'a catni lo ka te cange ti vau lo ka te e'ande mi lo patfu be mi — The authority to be a farmer on this land has been given to me by my father.
- Related words: turni, tutra, krati, jaspu, pulji
catra — x1(entity) kills x2(entity)
- lo catra — killer. lo se catra — killed.
- i le nakni cu kakne lo ka catra se pi'o pa rokci re cipni — He can kill two birds with one stone.
- Related words: morsi, xarci
cau [preposition from claxu] — lacked by ...
caucni — x1(entity) misses, feels the lack of x2(entity)
- i mi caucni do — I miss you.
- Related words: claxu, cinmo, badri, klaku, gleki, betri
caxno — x1(entity) is shallow in direction x2(entity) away from reference point x3(entity)
- lo caxno — shallow.
- i ti noi lalxu cu caxno lo ka tsuku lo loldi be ce'u vau lo sefta — This lake is shallow in reaching the bottom from the surface.
- Related words: condi, tordu, jarki, cinla, cmalu, jarki, jmifa
ce'i [digit/number] — '%' (percentage symbol), hundredths
- i lo ninmu cu ji'i mu no ce'i si'ei lo remna — Approximately 50% of humans are women.
ce'o [conjunction] — and then ... (forms ordered sequence)
- i li pa ce'o li re ce'o li ci cu porsi — 1,2,3 is a sequence.
- Comment: joins nouns to create a new noun of ordered group type.
- Related words: ce, je, e
ce'u [pronoun] — inside an abstraction of a verb ce'u is applied to another place of that verb
- i mi nitcu lo ka da tavla ce'u — I need someone to talk to me.
- Comment: definitions of verbs show which place ce'u is applied to. If not explicitly stated then ce'u is applied to the first place of the verb. To apply to the head of a relative clause use ke'a.
cecla — x1(entity) launches projectile or missile x2(entity) ; x1 is a gun
- lo cecla — gun. lo se cecla — missile.
- i ti cecla lo fagri — This is a fire gun.
- Related words: renro, danti, jakne, jbama, spoja
cecmu — x1(entity) is a community or colony of organisms x2(entity group)
- lo cecmu — community. lo se cecmu — member of a community.
- i pa cecmu be lo cipni mo'u muvdu lo bu'u tcadu — A colony of birds moved to this city.
- Related words: bende, kulnu, natmi, tcadu, jecta, girzu
cedra — x1(clause) is an era or age characterized by x2(clause)
- lo cedra — era.
- i lo cabna cu cedra lo nu pilno lo skami — These days are the era of using computers.
- Related words: ranji, temci, citsi
cei — that will from now on be called ... (main verb follows)
- i mi ba klama cei broda lo zarci i au do broda — I will go to the store. I'd like you go there too.
- Comment: cei copies the whole main verb with all its places that can later be filled with another nouns.
cenba — x1(entity) varies in x2(property of x1) in amount x3(entity)
- lo cenba — variable.
- i do cenba lo ka ma kau se cpedu vau lo barda — Your demands vary to much degree.
- Comment: binxo describes that entity turns into another entity, galfi is to turn one entity into another one. cenba describes how entity changes its state while remaining the same entity, stika is to make entity change its state.
- Related words: cenba, galfi, stika, stodi, zasni, binxo
censa — x1(entity) is holy or sacred to x2(entity)
- lo censa — holy.
- i lo bu'u tcadu cu censa ro prenu pe vi — This city is holy to all people here.
- Related words: cevni, krici, latna, pruxi, lijda, sinma
centero — x1(entity) is in the center of x2(entity)
- lo centero — center.
- i ti noi tcadu cu centero le gugde — This city is in the center of the country.
- Comment: lo midju is center point, lo centero is central subset (of a set or territory), lo kernelo is core.
- Related words: xadba
centi — x1(entity) is a hundredth of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo centi — 1/100.
- i le insekto cu centi be lo mitre lo ka clani — The insect is 1 centimeter long.
- Related words: grake, mitre, snidu, stero, delno, molro, kelvo, xampo, gradu, litce, merli, decti, dekto, femti, gigdo, gocti, gotro, kilto, megdo, mikri, milti, nanvi, petso, picti, terto, xatsi, xecto, xexso, zepti, zetro
cerda — x1(entity) inherits x2(property of x1 and x3) from x3(entity) according to rule x4(proposition)
- lo cerda — inheritor, heir. lo se cerda — inherited, heritage.
- i mi cerda le dinju lo patfu be mi lo se djica be ri — I inherited the house from my father according to his will.
- Related words: jgina
cermurse — x1(entity) happens at the dawn of day x2(entity)
- lo cermurse — dawn.
- i mi ba klama lo boske ca lo cermurse be lo bavlamdei — I will go to forest tomorrow at dawn.
- Related words: cerni, kandi, vanci
cerni — x1(entity) happens in the morning of day x2(entity)
- lo cerni — morning.
- i cerni coi — Good morning!
- i ti cerni pa cnino djedi — It is the morning of a new day.
- Related words: vanci, cermurse, vacmurse, tcika
certu — x1(entity) is skilled at x2(property of x1)
- lo certu — expert, master. lo se certu — field of expertise.
- i fau ei ro da mi se zu'e se marvele lo nu le prenu se la'u li xo kau certu lo ka limna — I cannot but wonder at his skill in swimming.
- Related words: djuno, stati, kakne
cevni — x1(entity) is a god of people or religion x2(entity) with dominion over x3(property of x1)
- lo cevni — god.
- i do cevni mi lo nu carvi — You are a god of rain for me.
- Related words: censa, krici, lijda, malsi
cfari — x1(clause) commences, begins, or starts
- lo cfari — beginning, start.
- i de'i li cy xo lo se tigni cu cfari — At what time does the performance begin?
- Related words: sisti, krasi, fanmo, mulno
cfika — x1(entity) is a work of fiction about plot or theme x2(entity)
- lo cfika — work of fiction. lo se cfika — plot of a work of fiction.
- i la'e lu la lunra cu kusru turni li'u cfika lo logji bangu — 'The Moon is a harsh mistress' is a fiction about logical languages.
- Related words: cukta, lisri, prosa, fatci, jitfa, jetnu, xanri
cfila — x1(property of x2) is a flaw or defect in x2(entity) causing x3(clause)
- lo cfila — flaw. lo se cfila — flawed.
- i mi se cfila lo nu lo drata cu xanka — I have my faults making other nervous.
- Related words: cikre, srera, fenra, fliba, prane
cfine — x1(entity) is a wedge
- lo cfine — wedge.
- i mi pu setca pa cfine lo loldi te zu'e lo nu le vorme co'a kalri — I drove a wedge into the floor so that the door was open.
- Related words: tutci
cfipu — x1(clause) confuses, baffles observer x2(entity)
- lo cfipu — confusing. lo se cfipu — confused, baffled.
- i zo zabna jai cfipu mi fai lo ka se smuni — To me zabna is confusing in meaning.
- i do je'a xu se cfipu lo ka cuxna lo ka zukte ma kau — Are you really confused of deciding what to do?
- Related words: pluja, senpi, zunti
ci [digit/number] — 3, three
- i ci delfinu ca limna ne'a lo korbi — There are three dolphins swimming near the shore.
ci'angulo — x1(entity) is a triangle
- lo ci'angulo — triangle.
- i ma se sinxa ti noi ci'angulo — What does this triangle signify?
ci'e [preposition from ciste] — in system/context ...
- i ci'e la internet lo vrici prenu ka'e jikca zu'ai — In the system of the internet, various people can socialize with each other.
ci'i [digit/number] — infinite number
- i ci'i da te cuxna — There is an infinite number of possibilities.
- i ci'i da te cuxna fi lo pa prenu i je ci'i re da te cuxna fi lo re prenu — There is an infinite number of possibilities for one man, and twice as many for two men.
- Comment: when followed by digits denotes aleph cardinality.
ciblu — x1(entity) is blood of organism x2(entity)
- lo ciblu — blood.
- i lo ciblu be mi cu klesi li a bu ma'u bu — My blood type is A positive.
- Related words: risna, flu'ente
cicna — x1(entity) is torquoise or cyan
- lo cicna — cyan (color).
- i lo vanci tsani co'a cicna — The evening sky became turquoise.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, crino, blanu
cidja — x1(entity) is food or nutriment for x2(entity)
- lo cidja — food.
- i lo rectu na cidja lo xirma — Meat is not a food for horses.
- i mi nelci lo jungo cidja — I like Chinese food.
- Related words: citka, nitcu, pinxe, xagji, cpina
cidni — x1(entity) is a knee, elbow, or other hinged joint of limb x2(entity)
- lo cidni — knee, elbow.
- i lo cidni be lo tuple be mi cu se xrani — My knee is injured.
- Related words: korcu, jarco, jganu
cidro — x1(entity) is a quantity of hydrogen
- lo cidro — hydrogen.
- i lo cidro cu traji linto se ratni — Hydrogen is the lightest element.
- Related words: gapci, xukmi
cifnu — x1(entity) is a baby, young living being of species x2(taxon)
- lo cifnu — baby, young living being, infant.
- i xu le cifnu xa'o jimpe lo lojbo se smusku — Does the infant understand Lojban yet?
- Related words: makcu, verba, citno, panzi
cigla — x1(entity) is a gland secreting x2(entity) in body x3(entity)
- lo cigla — gland. lo se cigla — secretion of a gland.
- i ti cigla lo xasne lo remna — This human gland secrets sweat.
- Related words: vikmi, xasne
cikna — x1(entity) is awake
- lo cikna — someone awake.
- i xu su'o do cikna — Is any of you awake?
- i mi pu co'a clira cikna — I got up early.
- i ko jai gau cikna fai mi de'i li cy bi — Wake me up at 8.
- Related words: sanji, sipna, tatpi
cikre — x1(entity) repairs or mends x2(entity) for use x3(property of x2)
- lo cikre — repairer. lo se cikre — repaired.
- i mi cikre le spofu stizu lo ka ka'e se zutse — I repair the chair so that one can sit on it.
- Related words: cfila, spofu
ciksi — x1(entity) explains x2(proposition) to x3(entity) with explanation x4(proposition)
- lo ciksi — expounder. lo ve ciksi — explanation.
- i mi pu ciksi fi le ctuca fe lo nu mi na zvati le nu penmi vau fo lo nu mi na pu djuno le du'u sarcu fa lo nu mi zvati nu bu — I explained to the teacher my absence at the meeting that I didn't know that I should've been there.
- Related words: cipra, danfu, jalge, jinvi, krinu, mukti, nabmi, retsku, rinka, sidbo, zukte, tavla
cilce — x1(entity) is wild or untamed
- lo cilce — wild.
- i ti noi foldi cu cilce — This field is untamed.
- i ra sazri pa cilce xirma — He rides an untamed horse.
- Related words: pinfu, panpi, tarti
cilmo — x1(entity) is moist or damp with liquid x2(entity)
- lo cilmo — damp, moist, wet.
- i ko lumci le canko se pi'o lo cilmo bukpu — Clean the window with a damp cloth.
- Related words: litki, lunsa, sudga
cilre — x1(entity) learns some fact or information x2(proposition) about x3(entity) from doing or being x4(clause)
- lo cilre — learner. lo se cilre — learned.
- i mi cilre fi la lojban — I learn Lojban.
- i mi pu cilre le du'u lo remna na smani — I learnt that humans are not monkeys.
- i mi tcidu mu'i lo nu mi cilre — I read in order to learn.
- i mi so'i da pu'i cilre fo lo nu mi pu zgana lo cipni — I learned a lot from watching birds.
- Related words: info, saske, ctuca, tadni, djuno, ckule
cilta — x1(entity) is a thread, wire, filament
- lo cilta — thread (cord), cord.
- i mi pu katna le cilta lo ci mei — I cut the wire into three pieces.
- Comment: unlike skori doesnt describe the object as consisting of more than one filament.
- Related words: fenso, nivji, skori, silka
cimde — x1(entity) is a dimension of space or object x2(entity) according to rule or model x3(property of x2)
- lo cimde — dimension.
- i lo mitre be li re cu cimde le kumfa lo ka clani — Two meters is the dimension of the room in length.
- Related words: morna, ckilu, merli, manri
cimni — x1(entity) in infinite in x2(property of x1)
- lo cimni — infinite.
- i si'au le nu penmi cu cimni lo ka se ditcu — It seems to me, the meeting will never end.
- i le munje cu cimni lo ka se canlu — The world is infinite in space.
- Related words: vitno, renvi, munje, fanmo, sisti
cinba — x1(entity) kisses x2(entity)
- lo se cinba — kissed.
- i mi pu cinba le fetsi re'o pa kerlo — I kissed her in the ear.
- Related words: ctebi
cindu — x1(entity) is an oak of species x2(taxon)
- lo cindu — oak.
- i xu da cindu bu'u le cmana — Are there oak trees on the mountain?
- Related words: tricu
cinfo — x1(entity) is a lion of species x2(taxon)
- lo cinfo — lion.
- i mi pu se spaji lo ka viska lo cinfo — I was surprised to see a lion.
- Related words: bramlatu, mlatu
cinje — x1(entity) is a wrinkle in x2(entity)
- lo cinje — wrinkle. lo se cinje — wrinkled.
- i da cinje lo bukpu — There are creases in the cloth.
- i gau ko ri xutla — Smooth out it.
- Related words: korcu, polje, boxfo, boxna
cinki — x1(entity) is an arthropod of species x2(taxon)
- lo cinki — arthropod.
- i lo insekto cu cinki — Insects are arthropods.
- Related words: insekto, civla, danlu, blato, ankabuta, manti, sfani, toldi, bifce
cinla — x1(entity) is thin in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo cinla — thin.
- i le ninmu cu cinla lo ka se tuple — The woman has thin legs.
- Comment: the third largest dimension. tordu, jarki and cinla specify the three dimensions of objects.
- Related words: rotsu, jarki, tordu, cmalu, caxno, plana, jarki
cinmo — x1(entity) feels emotion x2(property of x1) about x3(entity)
- lo cinmo — emotional (live being). lo se cinmo — emotion, feeling (impression).
- i mi cinmo lo ka gleki vau lo nu mi'o tavla zu'ai bau la lojban — I feel happy that we talk in Lojban.
- Related words: cumla, jilra, nelci, xendo, ckeji, cortu, jgira, kecti, kufra, marvele, prami, steba, zungi, badri, burna, gleki
cinri — x1(clause) interests observer x2(entity)
- lo cinri — interesting. lo se cinri — interested.
- i ma se cinri lo nu ca ma kau le fetsi co'a speni — Who cares when she gets married?
- i mi se cinri lo nu xu kau sarcu fa lo nu mi cusku fi la alis fe lo se du'u mi pu zi zukte ma kau — I wonder if I should tell Alice what I just did.
- Related words: zdile, kucli, marvele, kurji
cinta — x1(entity) is some paint of substance x2(entity) in a base of x3(entity)
- lo cinta — paint (coloring substance). lo se cinta — pigment of a paint. lo te cinta — paint base.
- i mi pu punji lo cinta be lo kliti bei lo sovda le bitmu — I put an oil paint (with clay as a pigment) on to the wall.
- Comment: lo te cinta (paint base) is the part of the paint that is not a lo se cinta (pigment).
- Related words: pixra, skari
cintura — x1(entity) is a waist of body x2(entity)
- lo cintura — waist (of body).
- i lo cintura be do cu klani ma lo ka clani — What is the length of your waist?
- Related words: xadni, cutne, midju, cinla, rotsu
cinza — x1(entity) is a pincer, pair of chopsticks, tongs, pliers for doing x2(property of x3) to x3(entity)
- lo cinza — tongs.
- i ko jgari lo cinza be lo nu jukpa bei lo glare — Take chopsticks for cooking hot food.
- Related words: tutci
cipni — x1(entity) is a bird of species x2(taxon)
- lo cipni — bird.
- i le pa cipni ca'o vofli — The bird is flying.
- Related words: datka, gunse, jipci, nalci, pimlu, vofli, xruki, danlu
cipra — x1(clause) is a test, act of examination, study of x2(entity)
- lo cipra — study, test (act of examination). lo se cipra — tested.
- i lo nu catlu lo kanla be do cu cipra lo nu do stace se la'u li xo kau — To look into your eyes is a test of your sincerity.
- i mi pu gasnu lo cipra be tu'a le karce — I tested the car.
- i ba zi ku mi jai se cipra — I will have a test soon.
- Related words: ciksi, troci, jarco, pajni, saske
cirko — x1(entity) loses x2(property of x1) at x3(entity, property of x1)
- lo cirko — loser. lo se cirko — lost, not in possesion.
- i mi cirko lo ka kakne lo ka sazri lo xirma vau lo ka xabju lo tcadu — I lost my ability to ride a horse while living in the city.
- Related words: facki, ralte, sisku, claxu, jinga, pleji, canja, sfasa, dapma, binra, mipri
cirkulo — x1(entity) is a circle
- lo cirkulo — circle.
- i mi pu ciska pa cirkulo — I drew a circle.
- Related words: cukla, djine
cirla — x1(entity) is some cheese
- lo cirla — cheese.
- i xu do djica tu'a lo cirla — Would you like cheese?
- Related words: ladru
ciska — x1(entity) writes x2(text) on medium x3(entity)
- lo ciska — writer. lo se ciska — written text. lo te ciska — writing medium.
- i mi ba ciska lu coi munje li'u lo pelji — I will write "Hello, world!" on the paper.
- Comment: for 'author' or specific authorial works use finti.
- Related words: papri, penbi, pinsi, tcidu, xatra, pixra, prina, finti, barna, pinka
cisma — x1(entity) smiles
- i se ja'e ma do cisma — Why are you smiling?
- Related words: xajmi, cmila, frumu
ciste — x1(entity) is a system with structure x2(entity)
- lo ciste — system. lo se ciste — structure of a system.
- i lo kibro cu ciste lo se tcana be lo skami poi se pi'o ce'u lo prenu cu jikca — The internet is a system with computer nodes, using which people communicate.
- Related words: ci'e, cmima, girzu, gunma, stura, tadji, munje, farvi, ganzu, judri, julne, klesi, morna, tcana
citka — x1(entity) eats x2(entity)
- lo citka — eater. lo se citka — eaten.
- i mi mo'u citka pa badna e re mango — I've eaten a banana and two mangoes.
- Related words: cidja, pinxe, tunlo, xagji, xaksu, batci, gusta, kabri
citno — x1(entity) is young in that it has x2(property of x1)
- lo citno — young.
- i le nixli cu citno lo ka lifri lo xo kau mei — The girl is young in how much she experienced.
- Related words: laldo, cnino, slabu, verba
citri — x1(entity) is a history of x2(entity) according to x3(entity)
- lo citri — history. lo se citri — having a history.
- i mi tadni lo citri be le kagni bei lo cnino lanli — I'm studying the history of the company according to new analysts.
- Related words: muzga, purci
citsi — x1(entity) is a season defined by x2(clause) of year x3(entity, number)
- lo citsi — season.
- i ca citsi lo nu carvi vau lo pa no no mu moi — Now it's the season of rains of year 2005.
- i vi ku lo dunra cu citsi lo nu lenku — Here, winter is a cold season.
- Related words: cedra, crisa, critu, dunra, ranji, temci, vensa, jbena
civla — x1(entity) is a flea or louse of species x2(taxon) parasitic on x3(entity)
- lo civla — flea, louse.
- i xu lo civla be fi lo gerku cu ckape lo remna — Are dog louses dangerous to humans?
- Related words: insekto, cinki, blato
cizra — x1(entity) is strange to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo cizra — strange.
- i le valsi cu cizra mi lo ka se smuni — The word is strange to me in meaning.
- i cizra fa lo nu la tom na zvati — It's strange that Tom is not present.
- Related words: ranxi, rirci, fange, banli
ckabu — x1(entity) is some rubber
- lo ckabu — rubber.
- i lo bolci poi ckabu cu plipe ri'a lo ka pruni — A rubber ball jumps because it is elastic.
- Related words: pruni
ckafi — x1(entity) is some coffee
- lo ckafi — coffee.
- i do pinxe lo ckafi ji lo tcati — Will you drink coffee or tea?
- Related words: tcati, barja, cakla
ckaji — x1(entity) is characterized by x2(property of x1)
- lo se ckaji — property.
- i le prenu na simlu gi'e ku'i ja'a ckaji vau lo ka ninmu — The person doesn't look like a woman but she is.
- i lo ka masno bacru cu se ckaji tu noi nanmu — Slow speech is the characteristic of that man.
- Related words: kai, tcaci, tcini
ckana — x1(entity) is a bed
- lo ckana — bed.
- i au mi vreta lo ckana — I want to lie down in bed.
- Related words: kamju, kicne, nilce, palta, cpana, vreta, jubme, stizu, matci, zbepi, palne, sarji
ckape — x1(clause) is dangerous to x2(clause)
- lo ckape — dangerous. lo se ckape — threatened.
- i ka'e ckape lo nu do kanro vau fa lo nu do zukte lo se stidi be la kevin — It can be dangerous for your health to do what Kevin suggested.
- i do jai se ckape fai lo ka co'a bilma — You are at risk of getting ill.
- Related words: te bandu, te kajde, te marbi, se snura, se xalni
ckasu — x1(entity) mocks at x2(entity) about x3(property of x2) by doing x4(property of x1)
- i pa pendo pu ckasu mi lo ka cadzu tai ma kau vau lo ka cusku lo mabla — A friend mocked at the manner I walk by saying bad words.
- Related words: cmila
ckeji — x1(entity) feels ashamed, mortified about x2(clause) before audience x3(entity)
- lo ckeji — ashamed. lo se ckeji — shameful event.
- i lo mamta be mi pu ckeji lo nu mi tarti ma kau vau loi prenu — My mother was ashamed in front of the crowd of my conduct.
- Related words: cinmo
ckiku — x1(entity) is a key fitting lock x2(entity)
- lo ckiku — key (of a lock). lo se ckiku — lock (of a key).
- i ti ckiku lo xunre vorme i ma ckiku lo jaspu be do — What is the password to your account?
- i mi mo'u cirko lo pe mi ckiku — I lost my keys.
- Comment: x2 can describe doors in the sense of entities that lock access.
- Related words: stela
ckilu — x1(property of nonce place with kau) is a scale of units for measuring x2(property of nonce place with kau)
- lo ckilu — scale.
- i lo ka mitre ma kau cu ckilu lo ka te sepli ma kau ma kau — Metric scale measures the distance between two points.
- Related words: gradu, merli, cimde, manri
ckini — x1(entity) is related to x2(entity) by relationship x3(relation between x1 and x2, contains two places for ce'u)
- lo ckini — related. lo te ckini — relationship.
- i mi na jimpe lo te ckini be le panci bei lo se vecnu be fi do — I don't understand the relation between the smell and your purchases.
- i ti'e le sance cu ckini lo barda mabru lo ka ce'u cupra ce'u fau lo nu ri pagre ti — They say the sound is related to a large mammal that produces it while passing here.
- i lo nu da'i mi pu zvati la nipon cu ckini fi no da — The fact that I was in Japan is totally irrelevant.
- Related words: ponse, srana, steci, mapti, sarxe, fange
ckire — x1(entity) is grateful or thankful to x2(entity) for x3(property of x2)
- lo ckire — thankful. lo te ckire — reason for gratitude.
- i mi ckire do le ka sidju mi — Thank you for helping me.
- i ckire fi lo balvi — Thanks in advance.
- Related words: cinmo, friti, pluka
ckule — x1(entity) is a school serving at area x2(entity), teaching x3(proposition) to x4(entity)
- lo ckule — school. lo te ckule — subject taught in a school. lo ve ckule — pupil of a school.
- i ti ckule lo bu'u gugde lo ve mikce lo citno tadni — This is a medical school serving in this area teaching therapy methods to young students.
- i mi ve ckule fi lo ralju — I'm in primary school.
- Related words: cilre, ctuca, tadni
ckunu — x1(entity) is a conifer of species x2(taxon)
- lo ckunu — conifer.
- i xu lo tsiju be ti noi ckunu cu kukte — Are pine nuts of this conifer tasty?
- Related words: tricu
cladu — x1(entity) is loud at observation point x2(entity)
- lo cladu — loud (producing loud sound). lo se cladu — loud place.
- i lo zgike cu cladu lo bu'u kumfa ku ji'a — The music is loud even when you are in this room.
- Related words: tolycladu, sance, savru
clani — x1(entity) is long in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo clani — long.
- i la tom cu clani lo ka sraji — Tom is tall.
- i le cmana cu clani — The mountain is high.
- i le nu penmi pu clani lo ka se ditcu — The meeting was long.
- i clani lo ka mitre li re — The length is two meters.
- Comment: the first largest dimension. ganra, rotsu and clani specify the three dimensions of objects. clani can be used to describe 'tall' or 'high' (in the sense of vertical length). For lengthy time intervals barda is also used (choice depends on personal philosophy of the speaker).
- Related words: slabu, condi, ganra, rotsu, tordu, barda, ganra, gutci, minli, rotsu
claxu — x1(entity) lacks x2(entity, property of x1)
- lo claxu — deficient.
- i mi claxu lo ka djica lo ka citka — I lack the desire to eat.
- i si'au do claxu lo ka cinmo da — Looks like you lack any emotions.
- i mi claxu su'o penbi — I don't have a pen.
- Related words: cau, cirko, kunti, nitcu, pindi, banzu
clika — x1(entity) is lichen or moss of species x2(taxon) growing on x3(entity)
- lo clika — moss.
- i ti clika fi lo rokci — This is moss growing on rocks.
- Related words: mledi
clira — x1(clause) is early by standard x2(proposition)
- lo clira — early event.
- i lo nu la alis cu cliva le briju pu clira lo se sruma be mi — Alice leaving the office was early according to my assumption.
- Related words: lerci
clite — x1(entity) is polite in matter x2(property of x1) (clause)
- lo clite — polite. lo se clite — polite behaviour.
- i do pu na clite lo ka cusku lo se du'u le ctuca na drani — You wasn't polite in saying that the teacher isn't right.
- Related words: ritli
cliva — x1(entity) leaves x2(entity, property of x1) via x3(entity)
- i ra pu cliva le kumfa pa canko — He left the room via a window.
- Related words: litru, canci, vimcu, lebna, muvdu
clupa — x1(entity) is a loop of material x2(entity)
- lo clupa — loop.
- i ko jai se torni le skori ja'e lo nu ri clupa — Twist the rope into a loop.
- Related words: djine
cmaci — x1(proposition) is mathematics describing x2(entity)
- lo cmaci — mathematics. lo se cmaci — field of mathematics.
- i mi tadni lo cmaci be lo klani — I study arithmetic (mathematics of quantity).
- Related words: mekso
cmalu — x1(entity) is small in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo cmalu — small.
- i lo nu penmi ba cmalu lo ka ditcu — The meeting will be short in duration.
- i le cukta cu cmalu lo ka jai vajni — The book is of little importance.
- Related words: caxno, cinla, jarki, tordu, barda
cmana — x1(entity) is a mountain projecting from land-mass x2(entity)
- lo cmana — mountain. lo se cmana — land mass with a mountain.
- i so'i da cmana lo bu'u tumla — This land has a lot of mountains.
- Related words: punli, derxi
cmavo — x1(text) is a grammatical particle of class x2(text)
- lo cmavo — grammatical particle. lo se cmavo — selma'o.
- i zo ka cmavo ma'oi nu — ka is a grammatical particle of class "NU" (clause prefix)
- Comment: lo, nu, ui etc. are cmavo. Usually ma'oi is used in x2 to quote the name of selma'o (class of particles).
- Related words: gismu, lujvo, gerna, smuni, valsi
cmene — x1(text) is the name for x2(entity) used by x3(entity)
- lo cmene — name. lo te cmene — namegiver.
- i ma jetnu cmene do — What is your real name?
- i mi se cmene zo gleki — My name is Gleki.
- i lo bruna be mi cu te cmene mi zo ractu — My brother calls me "Rabbit"
- i le kamni pu xusra lo du'u le prenu pu zukte no se cmene be lu na'e drani li'u bei la kamni — The committee asserted that the person had done nothing "incorrect" (quoting the committee's words).
- Comment: the first place of cmene requires a quote using e.g. zo or lu ... li'u.
- Related words: gismu, tcita, valsi, judri
cmevla — x1(text) is a cmevla (Lojban word ending in a consonant)
- lo cmevla — cmevla.
- i zo lojban cmevla — "Lojban" is cmevla.
- Comment: lojban, nipon are cmevla.
- Related words: selbrivla, gismu, zi'evla, cmavo, cmene
cmila — x1(entity) laughs
- i ra pu co'a cmila — She started laughing.
- Related words: ckasu, frumu, xajmi, cisma
cmima — x1(entity) is a member of set x2(entity)
- lo cmima — member. lo se cmima — set.
- i mi cmima pa kamni pe le gugde — I am a member of a state committee.
- Comment: x1 describes members of a set. To specify all members of a set use gunma.
- Related words: ciste, porsi, jbini, girzu, gunma, klesi, mei, kampu, lanzu, liste
cmoni — x1(entity) howls, utters, moans x2(sound) expressing x3(property of x1)
- lo cmoni — moaner.
- i le prenu pu cmoni zo a lo ka gleki — The person uttered "A!" expressing his happiness.
- Comment: cmoni describes emotional utterances. For uttering text use bacru, for shouting text use krixa.
- Related words: krixa, bacru, cusku, cortu
cnano — x1(entity) is normal in x2(property of x1) among x3(same type as x1)
- lo cnano — norm.
- i lo ki'ogra be li ci cu cnano lo ka se junta vau lo ca zi jbena — 3 kilograms is a normal weight of newborns.
- Comment: cnano is the generalized opposite to any/all of these concepts: cizra, fadni, cafne, kampu.
- Related words: tcaci, fadni, kampu, lakne, tarti, rirci
cnebo — x1(entity) is a neck of body x2(entity)
- lo cnebo — neck.
- i lo cnebo be lo za'u vi ninmu cu clani — These women have long necks.
- Related words: galxe, cutne
cnemu — x1(entity) rewards x2(entity) for atypical x3(property of x2) with x4(entity, property of x1)
- lo cnemu — rewarder. lo se cnemu — rewardee. lo te cnemu — reason for a reward. lo ve cnemu — reward.
- i mi pu cnemu le gerku lo ka bevri lo grana vau lo ka te cpacu lo sakta le gerku — I rewarded the dog for bringing the stick by giving it sugar.
- Related words: dunda, friti, jerna, jinga, jivna, pleji, sfasa, venfu, prali, dapma
cnici — x1(entity) is neat or orderly in x2(property of x1)
- lo cnici — neat.
- i le kerfa cu cnici lo ka se ganzu fi lo carmi — The hair is neat in being organized into a shining part.
- Related words: cunso, kalsa
cnino — x1(entity) is new to observer x2(entity) in property x3(property of x1)
- lo cnino — new.
- i lo pendo be mi co'a cnino mi lo ka kakne lo ka zgipli lo pipno — My friend appeared new to me in being able to play the piano.
- i cnino fa no cnita be le lunra — Nothing is new under the Moon (saying).
- Related words: nuzba, slabu, citno, se djuno
cnisa — x1(entity) is some quantity of lead metal
- lo cnisa — lead (metal).
- i ra pu troci lo ka zbasu lo solji lo cnisa — He tried to make gold out of lead.
- Related words: jinme, tinci
cnita — x1(entity) is directly beneath, directly below x2(entity)
- lo cnita — what is beneath. lo se cnita — what is above.
- i le pelji cu cnita le cukta — The paper is below the book.
- Related words: dizlo, gapru, galtu, farna, loldi
co — inverts the order of parts of compound verb
- i lu lo ractu co melbi li'u dunli lu lo melbi ractu li'u — "Pretty bunnies" is the same as "bunnies, the pretty".
co'a [preposition of aspect] — at the start of the event (inchoative aspect)
- i pu co'a ru'i carvi — It started raining.
- i le plise co'a fusra — The apple has begun to decay.
- i co'a pelxu — It's turning yellow.
co'e [verb] — main verb unspecified or known from context
- i mu'i ma do co'e mi — Why are you doing this to me?
- i za'o co'e — It's going on for too long.
- i ei do troci lo ka co'e bu'u lo drata — You should try it somewhere else.
co'i [preposition of aspect] — aspect treating the whole event without internal structure (perfective aspect), co'i nai — aspect treating the whole event as having internal structure (imperfective aspect)
- i mi pu co'i nai citka pa mango ca lo nu ra co'i klama lo nenri — I was eating a mango when she entered.
- i mi co'i cirko — I've lost it.
co'o [vocative] — Goodbye! Bye!
- i co'o lo tumla pe mi — Goodbye, my land!
- i co'o ro do — Goodbye to all of you!
co'oi [vocative] — Ciao! (hello! or goodbye! depending on context)
- i co'oi lo pendo be mi — Ciao, my friend!
- Related words: a'oi, coi, co'o, rinsa
co'u [preposition of aspect] — quitting, stopping even if before the expected end (cessative aspect)
coi [vocative] — Hello! Hi!
- i coi le munje — Hello, world!
- i coi ro do — Hello, everyone!
cokcu — x1(entity) soaks up x2(entity) from x3(entity) into x4(entity)
- lo cokcu — absorber. lo se cokcu — absorbed.
- i le verba cu cokcu lo ladru lo tatru lo moklu — Children suck up milk from breast into the mouth.
- Related words: panje, sakci, lacpu
condi — x1(entity) is deep in x2(property of x1) away from reference point x3(entity)
- lo condi — deep.
- i ti noi xamsi cu condi lo ka tsuku lo loldi be ce'u vau lo sefta — This sea is deep in reaching the bottom from the surface.
- i e'o do bevri pa condi kabri — Please, bring a deep glass.
- Related words: clani, caxno, bargu, ganra, rotsu, barda, gutci, minli
cortu — x1(entity) feels pain at x2(entity)
- lo cortu — who feels pain, person in pain. lo se cortu — location of pain.
- i mi cortu lo xance — My hand hurts.
- i mi cortu lo galxe be mi — I have a sore throat.
- Comment: often the second place of x2 is the same as x1.
- Related words: cinmo, xrani
cpacu — x1(entity) acquires or gets x2(entity, property of x1) from x3(entity)
- lo se cpacu — acquired.
- i mi ba cpacu lo grute mi — I'll get fruits for myself.
- i mi ne lo xance pu te cpacu fi la kevin fe lo dakfu — I handed Kevin a knife.
- Related words: punji, lebna, vimcu
cpana — x1(entity) is on top of x2(entity)
- lo cpana — what is on top. lo se cpana — what is below.
- i su'o bisli cu se cpana lo cmana — There is ice on top of the mountain.
- Comment: to lay upon is punji.
- Related words: se vasru, jbini, zvati, nenri, vreta, ckana, diklo, jibni, lamji, zutse, punji, sarji, zbepi
cpare — x1(entity) climbs on x2(entity) ; x1 wades through x2
- i ra pu mo'u cpare le cmana — She has climbed on the mountain.
- Related words: klama, litru, bajra, farlu, plipe
cpedu — x1(entity) requests or asks for x2(clause, property of x3) from x3(entity)
- lo se cpedu — something requested.
- i le nanmu pu cpedu lo ka jai gau kalri fai le vorme vau mi ta'i lo ka jai gau muvdu fai lo xance — The man asked me to open the door by moving his hand.
- Comment: a request may be indicated in speech, in writing, or by an action (e.g. petitions are often in writing, while begging/panhandling may be indicated by an action or even demeanor).
- Related words: cusku, pikci, retsku, se spuda, danfu
cpina — x1(entity) is pungent or irritating to observer x2(entity)
- lo cpina — pungent, irritating.
- i le sanso cu cpina — The sauce is hot.
- i le panci cu cpina — The smell is irritating.
- Related words: vrusi, kukte, cidja, panci, sumne
cradi — x1(entity) broadcasts or transmits x2(entity) via station or frequency x3(entity) to receiver x4(entity)
- lo cradi — broadcaster. lo se cradi — broadcasted. lo te cradi — broadcasting station. lo ve cradi — broadcast receiver.
- i ti cradi lo vajni notci lo tordu boxna lo se bevri — This is a radio transmitter sending important messages on short waves to portable receivers.
- Related words: tivni, benji, tcana
crane — x1(entity) is in front of x2(entity) facing x3(entity)
- lo crane — something in front.
- i pa tricu cu crane la alis la kevin — A tree is before (in front of) Alice from Kevin's position.
- i pa tricu cu crane mi — A tree is in front of me.
- i pa ctino cu pagre bu'u lo crane be le lunra — A shadow passed before the moon.
- Related words: sefta, flira, trixe, mlana, pritu, zunle
creka — x1(entity) is a shirt
- lo creka — shirt.
- i do poi dasni lo creka cu simlu lo ka stati — You look smart in the shirt.
- Related words: taxfu
crepu — x1(entity) harvests, plucks x2(property of x3) from x3(entity)
- lo crepu — harvester. lo se crepu — harvested crop. lo te crepu — crop field.
- i ra crepu lo vanjba le purdi — She is harvesting grapes from the garden.
- Related words: lebna, vimcu, katna, critu, sombo, jmaji
cribe — x1(entity) is a bear of species x2(taxon)
- lo cribe — bear (animal).
- i lo cribe cu se zdani lo vi boske — Bears live in this forest.
- Related words: danlu, mabru
crida — x1(entity) is a fairy, elf, or other mythical humanoid
- lo crida — fairy, elf.
- i mi pu cusku pa lisri be lo za'u crida — I told a story about fairies.
- Related words: ranmi, lijda
crino — x1(entity) is green
- lo crino — green.
- i ca lo crisa lo pezli poi crino co'a xunre — In the fall leaves that are green, turn red.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, cicna
cripu — x1(entity) is a bridge across x2(entity) between points x3(entity group)
- lo cripu — bridge.
- i mi'a muvdu fo lo cripu be pa rirxe bei pa tcadu jo'u lo nurma — We are moving over the bridge across a river that connects a city and the rural zone.
- Related words: bargu, kruca, ragve, kuspe
crisa — x1(entity) is summer of year x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo crisa — summer.
- i ca crisa lo re no no mu moi be lo nanca ti — Now it's summer of year 2005 at my place.
- Related words: citsi, critu, dunra, vensa
critu — x1(entity) is autumn of year x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo critu — autumn.
- i xu ca critu lo re no no mu moi be lo nanca do — Is it now autumn of year 2005 at your place?
- Related words: citsi, crisa, dunra, vensa, crepu
ctaru — x1(entity) is a tide in x2(entity)
- lo ctaru — tide.
- i lo ctaru be lo xamsi cu barda — The tide in the sea is high.
- Related words: xamsi
ctebi — x1(entity) is a lip of orifice x2(entity)
- lo ctebi — lip. lo se ctebi — orifice with a lip.
- i lo se dekpu be lo ctebi be le vlagi cu banzu lo nu lo panzi cu pagre — The size of the hole of the vagina is enough for the child to pass.
- Related words: moklu, korbi, cinba
cteki — x1(property of x3) is a tax on x2(property of x3) levied against x3(entity) by authority or collector x4(entity)
- lo cteki — tax. lo se cteki — taxable property. lo te cteki — taxpayer. lo ve cteki — collector of a tax.
- i lo prenu pu na nelci lo noi cnino vau cteki be lo ka ralte lo bakni bei ro lo xabju bei loi turni — People didn't like the new tax on keeping cows levied against everyone by the government.
- i lo rupnu be li re mu cu cteki lo ka ralte lo bakni — 25 dollars is the tax for keeping cows.
- Related words: pleji, flalu, turni
ctile — x1(entity) is some petroleum
- lo ctile — petroleum.
- i ti minji lo nu cokcu lo ctile — This is a machine for pumping out oil.
- Related words: grasu
ctino — x1(entity) is a shadow of x2(entity) made by light source x3(entity)
- lo ctino — shadow.
- i mi pu terpa tu'a lo ctino be lo tricu bei le lunra — I was afraid of shadows of trees in moonlight.
- Related words: manku, gusni
ctuca — x1(entity) teaches to x2(entity) ideas or method x3(property of x2)
- lo ctuca — teacher. lo se ctuca — taught audience. lo te ctuca — subject taught.
- i le prenu pu ctuca mi'a lo traji tasmi be lo nu tavla fo la lojban — The person taught us the best style of speaking Lojban.
- i le mamta cu ctuca le verba le du'u lo nu cladu tavla na se clite — The mother taught the child that talking loud isn't polite.
- i le laldo pu ctuca mi lo tadji be lo nu na ganse lo ka cortu — The old one taught me the method of not feeling the pain.
- Related words: ckule, cilre, tadni
cu — shows that the main verb of the clause is coming next; in other words, shows the beginning of the clause tail
- i lei rirni cu zvati ti ca — The parents are here now.
- Comment: cu can be omitted if the previous word is a pronoun of the same clause, can also be replaced with prepositions.
cu'e [preposition] — asks for an appropriate preposition or a combination of them
- i lu do cu'e vitke la nipon li'u lu pu'o li'u — "Have you been to Japan?" "I'm about to."
- i lu le penbi cu'e zvati li'u lu pu vu li'u — "Where is the pen?" "It was over there."
cu'i [right scalar particle] — shows middle meaning of interjection or interjection modifier
- i au cu'i le bruna mo'u tsuku — The brother arrived, meh.
- Comment: au cu'i means indifference (middle attitude between desire and reluctance). Definitions of interjections and interjection modifiers contain meanings of them with nai too.
cu'o [verb] — turn number into verb denoting probability
- i le nu casnu cu su'o cu'o lo nu le jatna cu klama — The discussion is possible if the boss comes.
- i lo nu mi ricfu cu ro cu'o lo nu mi ponse lo megdo be lo rupnu — Had I a million dollars I'd be rich.
- Comment: x1(entity) has probability (n) of occurring under conditions x2(entity). The number (n) is put in front of cu'o.
cu'u [preposition from cusku] — as said by ...
- i cu'u la gleki la lojban cu vlipa bangu — As said by La Gleki, Lojban is a powerful language.
- Comment: used for quotations.
cukla — x1(entity) is round
- lo cukla — round.
- i le lunra noi pelxu gi'e cukla gi'e carmi cu zvati lo tsani — The Moon, yellow, round and bright, is in the sky.
- Related words: djine, ranji, bolci, tarmi
cukta — x1(entity) is a book with work x2(entity)
- lo cukta — book. lo se cukta — work in a book.
- i mi tcidu fi pa cukta be lo cinri — I read a book with an interesting content (an interesting book).
- Related words: cfika, prina, prosa, tcidu, papri
culno — x1(entity) is full of x2(entity)
- lo culno — full.
- i le lanka cu culno lo pelji — The basket is full of paper.
- Related words: tisna, kunti, mulno, setca, tisna
cumki — x1(clause) is possible
- lo cumki — possible.
- i cumki fa lo nu la alis ba jai lerci — It's possible that Alice will be late.
- Related words: lakne
cumla — x1(entity) is modest or humble about x2(property of x1)
- lo cumla — modest.
- i mi'ai pu cumla lo ka kanpe ma kau — We were modest in our expectations.
- Related words: cinmo, jgira
cunmi — x1(entity) is some millet or grain of species x2(taxon)
- lo cunmi — millet.
- i lo jipci cu citka lo cunmi — Hens eat millet.
- Related words: gurni
cunso — x1(clause) is random, unpredictable
- lo cunso — random.
- i lo nu ca ma kau le prenu cu tsuku pu cunso — When would he come was unpredictable.
- Related words: cnici, lakne, funca, kalsa, snuti
cuntu — x1(clause) is an affair or organized activity involving persons x2(entity)
- lo cuntu — affair, business (activity).
- i ra pu se cuntu lo zekri — He was involved in a crime.
- Related words: jikca, srana
cupra — x1(entity) produces product x2(entity) by process x3(property of x1)
- lo cupra — producer, origin, source. lo se cupra — product. lo te cupra — process of production.
- i lo karce cu cupra lo nejni lo ka jai gau jelca lo livla — Car produces energy by burning fuel.
- i lo tricu cu se cupra lo grute — Trees come from fruits.
- Related words: zbasu, farvi, gundi, jukpa, genja, jicmu
curmi — x1(entity) lets x2(clause) happen; x1 makes x2 possible
- i lo saske cu curmi lo nu jimpe lo munje — Science allows understanding the world.
- i le canko cu curmi lo nu lo vifne vacri cu pagre — The window permits the passage of the fresh air.
- Related words: e'ande, rinju, banzu, ralte, jimte, jaspu, zifre
curnu — x1(entity) is a worm of species x2(taxon)
- lo curnu — worm.
- i le cipni mo'u kavbu lo curnu — The bird caught a worm.
- Related words: since, silka
curve — x1(entity) is pure in x2(property of x1)
- lo curve — pure.
- i ti noi djine cu curve lo ka solji — This ring is of pure gold.
- Related words: prane, jinsa, manfo, sampu, sepli, traji, lumci, xukmi
cusku — x1(entity) says x2(text) for audience x3(entity)
- lo cusku — who says. lo se cusku — what is said. lo te cusku — audience.
- i ba bo mi pu cusku fi le ninmu fe lu do mutce xendo li'u — And then I said to the woman "You are very kind."
- i do pu cusku lo se du'u do ba katna lo nanba — You said that you would cut the bread.
- Comment: skicu is to tell, cusku is to say, tavla is to talk, cusku lo notci is to notify.
- Related words: retsku, spusku, spuda, cu'u, bacru, tavla, casnu, bangu, dapma, jufra, pinka
cutci — x1(entity) is a shoe for covering x2(entity)
- lo cutci — shoe.
- i ti noi prenu cu zbasu lo cutci be lo sufti — This person makes horseshoes.
- Related words: smoka, taxfu, skiji
cutne — x1(entity) is the chest of body x2(entity)
- lo cutne — chest.
- i le nanla pu ca'o jgari lo gerku re'o lo cutne — The boy was holding the dog near the chest.
- Related words: cnebo, betfu, xadni, tanxe
cuxna — x1(entity) chooses, decides on x2(property of x1) from complete set x3(group of same type as x2)
- lo se cuxna — what is chosen. lo te cuxna — set of choices, menu of choices.
- i mi nu'o mo'u cuxna lo ka zukte ma kau — I haven't yet decided what to do.
- i nandu fa lo ka cuxna — It's hard to choose.
- i mi pu cuxna la alis lo nixli — I chose Alice from the girls.
- i la alis pu cuxna lo blanu lo taxfu — Alice chose the blue dress out of all.
- i mi pensi cuxna lo nu mi citka ma kau — I'm thinking about what to eat.
- Comment: pajni is for judging matters, jdice is for actual decisions, cuxna is for deciding (choosing) on something out of options.
- Related words: jdice, pajni, nelci
cy [pronoun] — c (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like cy is for the last lo carvi used.
da [pronoun] — there exists something or someone: 1st pronoun of da, de, di series
- i mi se bruna da — I have a brother.
- i mi nelci ro da — I like everything.
da'a [digit/number] — all except ..., all but ... (number follows; by default 1)
- i da'a re prenu pu zvati va — All but two people were present there.
da'i [interjection] — supposing, da'i nai — in fact
- i da'i mi ricfu — I could be rich.
- i da'i nai mi se zdani lo daplu — I do live on an island.
- Related words: se xanri, sruma
dacru — x1(entity) is a drawer in x2(entity)
- lo dacru — drawer.
- i pa junla ca cpana lo se dacru be lo barda — A clock stands on a chest of big drawers.
- Related words: nilce, tanxe
dacti — x1(entity) is a thing, a material object enduring in space-time
- lo dacti — material object.
- i tu noi dacti cu mo — What is that object over there?
- Related words: marji, xanri
dadjo — x1(entity) is Taoist in x2(property of x1)
- lo dadjo — Taoist.
- i le tcaci cu dadjo — The tradition is Taoist.
- Related words: lijda, jegvo
dai [interjection modifier] — marks empathetic use of interjection, shows another's feelings
- i oi ro'o dai tuple doi le cifnu — I know it hurts, baby!
- i do jinga ui dai — You won, yay you!
- i ui nai dai lo gerku pe do co'a morsi — You must be sad, your dog died.
- Related words: kansa
dakfu — x1(entity) is a knife for cutting x2(entity)
- lo dakfu — knife.
- i ti dakfu lo nanba — This is a knife for cutting bread.
- Related words: denci, balre, katna, tunta, forca, smuci, kinli
dakli — x1(entity) is a bag or sack containing x2(entity)
- lo dakli — bag. lo se dakli — contents of a bag.
- i mi ba bevri pa dakli be lo tamca lo nenri — I will take a bag of tomatoes inside.
- Comment: pouch is lo daski.
- Related words: daski, bakfu
damba — x1(entity) fights or struggles with x2(entity) over issue x3(clause)
- lo damba — fighter.
- i mi pu damba lo mensi be mi le du'u ma kau klama ka'ai loi rirni — I fought with my sister of who would go with parents.
- Comment: war (lo nu jamna) usually consists of battles (lo nu damba).
- Related words: bradi, gunta, talsa, darlu, fapro, jamna, sonci
damri — x1(entity) is a drum, gong or other percussion instrument with beater x2(entity)
- lo damri — drum. lo se damri — beater of a drum.
- i le nakni pu zgipli pa damri be lo xance — He was playing a hand struck drum.
- Related words: rilti, zgike
damva'u — x1(entity) smokes, inhales smoke x2(entity)
- lo damva'u — smoker.
- i le prenu cu damva'u lo se panci be lo mabla — The person smokes something that has a shitty smell.
- Related words: danmo, vasxu
dandu — x1(entity) is suspended, hangs from x2(entity) at joint x3(entity)
- i le smani pu dandu lo galtu jimca lo rebla — The monkey was hanging its tail from a high branch.
- Related words: lasna, jorne
danfu — x1(entity) is the answer or solution to question or problem x2(clause)
- lo danfu — solution to a problem. lo se danfu — problem.
- i lo ka pilno lo drata ckiku cu danfu lo tadji be lo ka jai gau karli fai le vorme — Using another key is the answer to the problem of opening the door.
- Comment: spuda is for agentive response/reply.
- Related words: ciksi, retsku, nabmi, spuda, cpedu
danlu — x1(entity) is an animal of species x2(taxon)
- lo danlu — animal, creature.
- i mi pu viska pa danlu bu'u le boske i le danlu cu jutsi ma — I saw an animal in the forest. What species does it belong to?
- Related words: banfi, cinki, cipni, finpe, ankabuta, respa, since, mabru, bakni
danmo — x1(entity) is smoke from source x2(entity)
- lo danmo — smoke.
- i lo danmo be lo noi ca'o jelca vau tricu co'a denmi — The smoke from the burning trees is becoming dense.
- Related words: pulce, gapci, sigja, bumru
danre — x1(entity) puts pressure on or applies force to x2(entity)
- lo danre — pressure.
- i lo brife cu danre le falnu — Wind puts pressure on the sail.
- Related words: catke, bapli, prina, tinsa
dansu — x1(entity) dances to accompaniment or rhythm x2(entity)
- lo dansu — dancer.
- i e'u mi'o dansu lo ca zgike — Let's dance to this music.
- Related words: bende, zgike, zajba
danti — x1(entity) is a bullet, missile, or other ballistic projectile for firing by x2(entity)
- lo danti — bullet. lo se danti — gun.
- i pa danti be lo cecla cu tsuku le dinju — A bullet from a gun reached the house.
- Related words: cecla, renro, jakne
daplu — x1(entity) is an island
- lo daplu — island.
- i fe'e ro roi le daplu lo remna cu xabju — People live all over the island.
- Related words: lalxu, rirxe, xamsi, dirgo
dapma — x1(entity) wishes to x2(entity) luck or fate x3(property of x2)
- lo se dapma — condemned.
- i mi pu dapma le fetsi lo ka se funca lo zabna — I wished her good luck.
- i le monsuta pu dapma le virnu lo ka ba zi morsi — The monster cursed the brave person to die soon.
- Comment: can describe any type of fate: good luck or bad luck (to condemn, to curse).
- Related words: mabla, dimna, cnemu, sfasa, dunda, cusku, cirko, jdima, di'ai
dargu — x1(entity) is a road or highway
- lo dargu — road.
- i da bisli vi'a le dargu — There is ice on the road.
- Related words: flu'ente, naxle, pluta, klaji, tcana
darlu — x1(entity) argues for stance x2(proposition) against stance x3(proposition)
- lo se darlu — stance (in a discussion).
- i loi enge pu darlu lo nu le dargu cu se stuzi lo berti vau lo nu le dinju cu se zbasu fi lo rokci — Engineers argued for the road to be located to the north and against the house to be built of rock.
- Comment: opponent is not necessary.
- Related words: fapro, jamna, sarji, talsa, sumti, tugni, casnu, damba, bradi, tavla
darno — x1(entity) is distant from x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo darno — distant.
- i le muzga cu darno ti — The museum is far from here.
- i lo jungo bangu cu darno lo glico bangu lo ka va'o ce'u ma kau tarmi lo nu bacru — Chinese language is far from English in the manner of pronunciation.
- Related words: jibni
darsi — x1(entity) shows audacity in behavior x2(property of x1)
- lo darsi — cheeky. lo se darsi — audacious behaviour.
- i la edvard ca darsi lo ka na cusku lo jetnu la tom — Eduard dares not tell Tom the truth.
- Related words: virnu
darxi — x1(entity) hits or strikes x2(entity)
- lo darxi — who strikes. lo se darxi — struck, stricken.
- i mi pu darxi lo xedja be le nakni se pi'o lo xance — I hit his jaw with hand.
- i mi pu darxi la alis se pi'o lo zunle jamfu be mi re'o lo betfu — I kicked Alice with my left foot in the belly.
- Related words: bikla, gunta, jenca, tunta, janli, jgari, pencu
daski — x1(entity) is a pocket or pouch in x2(entity)
- lo daski — pocket.
- i mi pu punji lo xance be mi lo daski be lo kosta pe mi — I put my hand into the pocket of my coat.
- Related words: dakli, taxfu, bakfu
dasni — x1(entity) wears x2(entity) as garment of type x3(property of x1)
- lo dasni — who wears a garment. lo se dasni — garment worn.
- i e'o do co'a dasni lo cutci — Please put on your shoes.
- i le nixli cu dasni lo creka lo skaci — The girl wears a shirt as a skirt.
- Related words: taxfu
daspo — x1(entity) destroys x2(entity, property of x1)
- lo daspo — destroyer. lo se daspo — destroyed.
- i ra pu daspo lo ka kanro — He ruined his health.
- i lo fagri pu daspo ci me lo dinju — The fire destroyed three of the buildings.
- Related words: spofu, xrani, marxa, zalvi, xaksu
dasri — x1(entity) is a ribbon
- lo dasri — ribbon, strip.
- i le jai se dunda pu se bakfu fi pa dasri — The gift was tied with a ribbon.
- Related words: djine
datka — x1(entity) is a duck of species x2(taxon)
- lo datka — duck.
- i so'o datka ru'i limna le lalxu — Several ducks are swimming in the lake.
- Related words: cipni
datni — x1(property of x2) is information about x2(entity) gathered by method x3(property of x2)
- lo datni — information. lo te datni — method of getting information.
- i lo ka zukte lo zekri cu datni le nanmu lo ka zgana lo se zukte be ce'u — Being a criminal are the data about the man collected by monitoring his actions.
- i ai mi tavla do lo datni be fi lo cipra — I'm going to talk to you about experimental data.
- Comment: synonym of info.
- Related words: fatci, saske, vreji
dau [digit/number] — hex digit A (decimal 10), ten
- i ei mi'o denpa ze'a lo djedi be li dau — We should wait for 10 days.
dau'i [right scalar particle] — shows equal intensity of interjection or interjection modifier
- i ju'o la alis ba tsuku — I'm sure Alice will arrive.
- i ju'o dau'i ji'a la kevin ba vitke mi'a — And I'm equally sure that Kevin will visit us.
- Comment: usually specifies an intensity of an interjection equal to the intensity of the same interjection earlier used.
- Related words: dau'i, mau'i, me'ai, cu'i, sai, ru'e
de [pronoun] — there exists something or someone: 2nd pronoun of da, de, di series
- i ro da poi ke'a sinma ke'a cu se sinma ro de poi ke'a sinma di — Everyone who respects oneself is respected by everyone who respects someone.
de'a [preposition of aspect] — pause (pausative aspect)
- i le fetsi pu de'a vasxu — She ceased to breathe.
- i mi de'a jundi — I won't be paying attention for a while.
- Related words: di'a
de'e [pronoun] — a near future utterance
- i de'e cinri jufra i au do tirna mi i lo xunre cu srana lo nu fengu — The utterance that comes is interesting. I'd like you to listen to me. Red is related to the state of being angry.
de'i [preposition from detri] — on date/time ... (date stamp follows)
- i de'i li ly ci dy pa mu mi pu zvati la nipon — On March 15 I was in Japan.
- i de'i li cy pa ci mi'a cliva — We leave at 1 pm.
- i mi'a cliva de'i li cy so my ci no — We leave at 9:30
- Comment: ny is put before years, ly is put before months, dy is put before days, cy is put before hours, my is put before minutes, sy is put before seconds.
de'u [pronoun] — a recent utterance
- i sei suksa co'a gusni bu'u lo darno i ba bo le gusni cu canci i ro le re mei pu troci lo ka ganse le gusni vau za'u re'u i ku'i le re mei na pu djuno le du'u xu kau la'e de'e cu du lo sinxa poi le re mei ze'u kanpe tu'a ke'a — Suddenly a light appeared far away and then the light disappeared. They both tried to observe it once again. But they didn't know whether that was the sign they had been expecting for so long.
decti — x1(entity) is a tenth of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo decti — 1/10.
- i le bitmu cu decti be lo mitre lo ka rotsu — The fence is 10 centimeters thick.
- Related words: centi
degji — x1(entity) is a finger, toe, or digit on limb x2(entity)
- lo degji — finger, toe, digit (of body). lo se degji — limb with fingers or toes.
- i lo degji be lo pritu xance be mi cu cortu — The fingers of my right hand hurt.
- Related words: nazbi, tamji, tance, xance
dei [pronoun] — this utterance
- i le nu casnu pe dei ca zenba lo ka cinri — This discussion is getting more interesting.
dejni — x1(entity) owes debt x2(entity, property of x1) to creditor x3(entity) in return for service x4(entity, property of x1)
- lo dejni — debtor. lo se dejni — debt. lo te dejni — creditor of debt.
- i mi dejni lo ka sidju vau do lo ka se sidju do — I am obliged to help you in return for your help.
- i mi dejni fi lo patfu be mi fo lo ka snada — I owe my success to my father.
- Related words: jbera, janta, zivle
dekpu — x1(entity) is x2(number) volume units in standard x3(property of x1)
- i ti noi botpi cu dekpu li pa lo ka litce — This bottle is one liter in volume.
- Related words: canlu, litce, rupnu, fepni, gutci, minli, merli, bunda, kramu
dekto — x1(entity) is ten of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo dekto — 10.
- i le dinju cu dekto be lo mitre lo ka clani — The house is 10 meters high.
- Related words: centi
delfinu — x1(entity) is a dolphin of species/breed x2(taxon)
- lo delfinu — dolphin.
- i lo'e delfinu cu stati — Dolphins are generally smart.
- Comment: see mabru, xamsi, flu'ente.
- Related words: mabru, xamsi, rirxe
delno — x1(entity) is x2(number) candela in luminosity
- i ti noi bombila cu delno li ji'i pa re no — This light bulb has a luminous intensity of around 120 candela.
- Related words: centi, decti, dekto, femti, gigdo, gocti, gotro, kilto, centi
dembi — x1(entity) is a legume, bean, or pea from plant x2(entity)
- lo dembi — legume seed. lo se dembi — plant with legumes.
- i mi ca ca'o citka lo stasu be lo dembi — I am eating a bean stew.
- Related words: grute, sobde, tsiju
denci — x1(entity) is a tooth of x2(entity)
- lo denci — tooth.
- i lo denci be mi cu cortu — I have a toothache.
- Related words: dakfu, pagre, jgalu, moklu, dakfu, pagre, jgalu, batci, bongu
denmi — x1(entity) is dense in x2(property of x1)
- lo denmi — dense.
- i lo karce flu'ente cu denmi lo ka se pagbu lo xo kau karce bu'u lo klaji — The car traffic is intense in the streets.
- Related words: carmi, midju, viknu
denpa — x1(entity) waits or pauses for x2(clause) at state x3(property of x1) before doing x4(property of x1)
- i ko ze'i denpa — Wait a bit. Just a moment!
- i xu do pu denpa — Did you wait?
- i mi denpa lo nu lo patfu cu volta vau lo ka kelci vau lo ka cliva — I am waiting for my father to arrive playing before leaving.
- Related words: dicra, fanmo, sisti, fliba, basna
denpa bu [pronoun] — ., full stop, period, dot
dertu — x1(entity) is some soil or dirt
- lo dertu — soil, dirt, ground (soil), earth (soil).
- i pu ze'a ku le karce cu muvdu bu'u lo dertu — For a while, the car moved on the soil.
- Related words: kliti, terdi, loldi
derxi — x1(entity) is a heap or stack of x2(entity)
- lo derxi — heap.
- i mi pu cupra pa derxi be lo mudri — I chopped a pile of wood.
- Related words: gunma, cmana
desku — x1(entity) is shakes or vibrates from force x2(clause)
- lo desku — something vibrating.
- i ra pu desku lo ka terpa — She was shaking with fear.
- Related words: slilu, janbe
detri — x1(number) is the date of x2(clause)
- lo detri — datestamp.
- i li ly pa dy pa ze ny re no pa xa detri lo nu mi co'a tadni la lojban — January 17, 2016 is the date when I started studying Lojban.
- Comment: in x1 ny is put before years, ly is put before months, dy is put before days, cy is put before hours, my is put before minutes, sy is put before seconds.
- Related words: de'i, djedi, jeftu, masti, nanca, tcika, judri
di [pronoun] — there exists something or someone: 3rd pronoun of da, de, di series
- i ku'i la'a nai su'o da cizra ro de ro di — But it is unlikely that something is strange to everyone in every way.
di'a [preposition of aspect] — resuming (resumptive aspect)
- i mi na ba di'a zgipli lo pipno — I won't play the piano again.
- i mi di'a jundi — I'm listening again.
- Related words: de'a
di'ai [vocative] — expression of well-wish, di'ai nai — expression of curse
- i di'ai do — Good luck to you.
- i mi pacna lo nu do ba jinga di'ai do — I hope you will win, good luck to you.
- i ko na raktu mi di'ai nai do — Don't disturb me, damn you!
- Comment: used to express well-wishes/curses.
- Related words: dimna, dapma, ki'e, doi, fu'au
di'anzi — x1(entity) is an electronic device
- lo di'anzi — electronic.
- i gau do e'i to'e akti fa lo di'anzi pe do — Turn off your electronic devices.
- Related words: letri
di'e [pronoun] — the next utterance
- i di'e na drani i la djon cu cmene mi i lu zo djon cmene mi li'u drani ku'i — The following sentence isn't correct. Someone called John is my name. "John is my name" is correct, though.
di'i [preposition of aspect] — regularly (iterative aspect), di'i nai — irregularly
- i mi di'i cadzu bu'u le panka — I regularly walk in the park.
- i pa cukta di'i te tcidu mi — I read the same book again and again.
- i mi di'i nai citka lo kokso — I eat coconuts here and there.
di'u [pronoun] — the last utterance
- i ma zabna traji tadji lo nu tadni la lojban i di'u zabna se retsku — What is the best method of learning Lojban? That is a good question.
- i la alis ze'a lo djedi be li za'u re na zvati i la'e di'u cizra — Alice isn't present for more than two days. That is strange.
dicra — x1(entity) interrupts or disrupts x2(entity) due to quality x3(property of x1)
- i lo sance pu dicra lo nu mi sipna vau lo ka cladu — The sound woke me up since it was loud.
- Related words: zunti, fanza, raktu, denpa
diklo — x1(entity) is confined to location x2(entity) within range x3(entity)
- lo diklo — local.
- i lo ca carvi cu diklo lo stuna lo bu'u tcadu — Within the borders of this city, the rain is in the south.
- Related words: bu'u, zvati, jibni, cpana, nenri, lamji, stuzi, tcila
dikni — x1(entity) is regular or periodic in x2(property of x1) with interval x3(entity)
- lo dikni — regular.
- i mi dikni lo ka lumci lo kumfa pe mi vau lo jeftu — I am regular in cleaning my room every week.
- Related words: slilu, rilti, xutla, manfo, boxna
dilcu — x1(number) is a quotient of x2(number) divided by x3(number), leaving remainder x4(number)
- lo dilcu — quotient. lo se dilcu — dividend of a quotient. lo te dilcu — divisor of a quotient. lo ve dilcu — remainder of a quotient.
- i li re dilcu li pa ci li mu li ci — 2 is the quotient of 13 divided by 5 with the remainder 3.
- Related words: frinu, fendi, katna, parbi, mekso
dilnu — x1(entity) is a cloud of material x2(entity)
- lo dilnu — cloud.
- i le cmana cu cupra lo dilnu be lo danmo — The mountain produces clouds of smoke.
- Related words: carvi, tcima
dimna — x1(property of x2) is a fate or destiny of x2(entity)
- lo dimna — destiny.
- i lo ka xabju ti cu dimna mi — To live here is my fate.
- Related words: dapma
dinju — x1(entity) is a house, building for purpose x2(property of x1)
- lo dinju — house, building.
- i ti dinju lo nu lumci — This is a bathhouse.
- Related words: ginka, zdani, zarci
dinko — x1(entity) is a nail or tack for purpose x2(entity)
- lo dinko — nail (tack).
- i mi pu lasna le pixra le bitmu pa dinko se pi'o pa mruli — I nailed the picture to the wall using a hammer.
- i ti dinko lo ka lasna lo cutci lo xirma ce'u — This is a nail for fastening horseshoes.
- Related words: pijne, lasna
dirba — x1(entity, property of x2) is dear, precious to x2(entity)
- lo dirba — precious, dear (of great value).
- i do pu zvati ma doi lo dirba — Where have you been, dear?
- i lo nu jmive cu dirba ro da — Life is dear to everybody.
- Related words: tcika, kargu, vamji, vajni, pleji, jadni, jemna
dirce — x1(entity) radiates, emits x2(property of x1)
- lo dirce — emitter. lo se dirce — radiation.
- i le jinto cu dirce lo djacu — The spring of fluid emits water.
- Related words: gusni
dirgo — x1(entity) is a drop of x2(entity)
- lo dirgo — drop.
- i sa'u ti dirgo lo djacu — It's just a drop of water.
- Related words: daplu, bidju
ditcu — x1(clause) is the time-duration/period of x2(clause)
- lo ditcu — period.
- i ma ditcu lo nu do limna le rirxe — How long have you been swimming in the river?
- Related words: cedra, ranji, tcika, renvi, temci, canlu, kuspe
dizlo — x1(entity) is low compared to x2(entity) (entity) ; x1 is a lower part of x2
- lo dizlo — low, bottom.
- i le gerku cu dizlo le mlatu poi cpare le tricu — The dog stands low compared to the cat climbing the tree.
- i mi mo'u farlu lo dizlo be le bitmu — I fell down to the foot of the fence.
- Related words: cnita, galtu, gapru, farna, loldi
djacu — x1(entity) is some water
- lo djacu — water.
- i le nakni pu pinxe lo djacu pa kabri — He drank some water from a cup.
- Related words: lalxu, rirxe, xamsi, limna, litki, lumci, bumru, jinto
djedi — x1(clause) happens during x2(number) full days
- lo djedi — day (full day). lo se djedi — number of full days.
- i mi volta ba zi lo djedi be li pa no — I will return in 10 days.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one full day in duration
- Related words: donri, detri, jeftu, masti, nanca, nicte, tcika
djica — x1(entity) desires or wants x2(clause, property of x1) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo se djica — something desired.
- i mi djica lo nu mi cusku lo xajmi vau lo nu do cisma — I want to tell something funny to make you smile.
- i mi djica tu'a lo plise — I want apples.
- i mi djica lo nu do smadi — I want you to guess.
- Related words: taske, xagji, mukti, nitcu, nelci, pacna, prami, rigni, trina, xebni, xlura
djine — x1(entity) is a ring
- lo djine — ring.
- i ti solji djine — This is a golden ring.
- Related words: cukla
djuno — x1(entity) knows fact x2(proposition) about x3(entity) on grounds x4(proposition)
- lo se djuno — known fact. lo ve djuno — grounds of knowledge.
- i mi djuno le du'u mi zasti vau fo le du'u mi pensi — I know that I exist since I think.
- i mi djuno so'i da la lojban — I know a lot about Lojban.
- i mi djuno mo'a da lo cmaci — I know too little about math.
- Comment: to be familiar with is se slabu, na'e se cnino, na'e se fange.
- Related words: krici, jinvi, cilre, certu, facki, jijnu, jimpe, senpi, smadi, kakne, birti, mipri, morji, saske, viska
do [pronoun] — you (the listener)
- i xu do djica lo nu mi sidju do — Do you want me to help you?
do'a [interjection] — generously, broadly construed, do'a nai — at least (parsimoniously)
- i do'a mi do ka'e ctuca lo se jmina — I could teach you some additional things.
- i do'a nai do no da zekri lebna — At least you didn't steal anything.
- i a'o mi te dunda lo pa kargu karce a ke do'a nai lo pa karce poi na spofu — Hopefully, I'll be given an expensive car or at least one that isn't broken.
- Related words: sa'e nai
do'e [preposition from co'e] — preposition with the meaning unspecified or known from context
- i ti karda do'e lo valsi — It's a card with a word.
- Comment: used in speech when it's hard to find an appropriate preposition on the fly.
do'i [pronoun] — an utterance unspecified or known from context
- i do'i me lo jufra pe pa se cukta poi mi pu tcidu — That sentence is from a book that I had read.
do'o [pronoun] — you and others (the listener + other persons not in the dialog)
- i lu mi'a pu casnu lo nu litru li'u lu do'o pu cuxna ma li'u — "We discussed travelling." "What did you choose?"
do'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: be'e, co'o, co'oi, coi, di'ai, fe'o, fi'i, je'e, ju'i, ke'o, ki'e, mi'e, mu'o, nu'e, a'oi, re'i, ta'a, vi'o, ki'ai, cu, cu'e, do'u, doi
doi [vocative] — general vocative, identifies intended listener.
- i doi lo nobli do co'u morji fi lo ckiku pe do — Oh, sir! You forgot your keys.
donri — x1(entity) happens during daytime of day x2(entity)
- lo donri — day (daylight time), daytime.
- i ca lo donri be lo prulamdei ra pu stali lo zdani — Yesterday in the daytime, he stayed at home.
- Related words: nicte, djedi, tcika
draci — x1(entity) is a drama or play about x2(entity)
- lo draci — play (drama). lo se draci — plot of a drama.
- i pa pendo be mi cu finti pa draci be lo nabmi pe lo te seksi — My friend is the author of a drama about the problem of sexes.
- Related words: finti, cukta, lisri, cfika
drani — x1(entity) is correct in x2(property of x1)
- lo drani — correct.
- i do drani lo ka pilno ma kau noi valsi — You are correct in what words you use.
- Related words: srera, mapti
drata — x1(entity) is not the same as x2(entity)
- lo drata — different, another, other.
- i lo drata be mi ka'e sidju — Someone else but me can help.
- Related words: mintu, frica, dunli
drudi — x1(entity) is a roof or lid of structure x2(entity)
- lo drudi — lid. lo se drudi — something with a lid.
- i lo drudi be le dinju cu ei se cikre — The roof of the building needs fixing.
- Comment: lo drudi is designed to be over, above lo se drudi and shelters it from other things above lo drudi.
- Related words: bitmu, stedu, galtu, gapru, loldi, marbi, gacri, mapku
du — x1(entity), x2(entity), x3 are the same thing
- lo du — identically equal.
- i li pa su'i pa du li re li pa no fe'i mu — 1 + 1 = 2 = 10 / 5.
- i xu do du lo prenu poi mitysisku mi ca lo prulamdei — Are you the same person who searched for me yesterday?
- Comment: corresponds to the operator = in math, can have any number of places.
- Related words: bitmu, stedu, galtu, gapru, loldi, marbi, gacri, mapku
du'e [digit/number] — too many
- i le vacri ca se la'u li du'e glare — It's too hot.
- i du'e prenu cu zvati le klaji — There are too many people in the street.
- Comment: subjective estimate.
du'i [preposition from dunli] — as much as ..., adverb: equally
- i mi'a du'i casnu lo mintu — We equally discussed the same.
- i xu do pe du'i mi zukcfu — Are you as busy as I am?
- Comment: noun after du'i is compared with x1 of the clause, the clause itself describes the comparison.
du'u [clause prefix] — turn clause into verb
- i mi djuno le du'u do na fuzme — I know that you are not responsible.
- Comment: x1 (entity) is the clause (that follows) expressed in sentence x2(text).
dugri — x1(number) is the logarithm of x2(number) to base x3(number)
- lo dugri — logarithm. lo te dugri — base of a logarithm.
- i li ci dugri li pa no no no li pa no — 3 is the logarithm of 1000 to base 10.
- Related words: tenfa
dukti — x1(entity) is opposite or contrary to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2 with kau)
- lo dukti — opposite.
- i la alis la kevin pu dukti lo ka catlu ma kau — Alice and Kevin looked in the opposite directions.
- Related words: ranxi, ragve
dunda — x1(entity) gives or donates x2(entity) to x3(entity)
- lo dunda — giver. lo se dunda — gift, present. lo te dunda — receiver of a gift.
- i mi pu dunda tu'a pa plise do — I gave you an apple.
- Comment: lo se dunda doesn't need to be only special present.
- Related words: benji, muvdu, canja, pleji, vecnu, friti, sfasa, dapma, cnemu, prali
dunja — x1(entity) freezes
- i ra na ru'e dunja — He almost froze.
- Related words: febvi, lunsa, litki, sligu
dunku — x1(entity) is distressed or anguished by x2(clause)
- lo dunku — distressed. lo se dunku — distressing event.
- i mi pu dunku lo ka kansa no da — I was distressed at being alone.
- i xu do dunku lo nu lo mensi be do cu bilma — Are you distressed at your sister being ill?
- Related words: fengu, surla
dunli — x1(entity) is equal to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2 with kau)
- lo dunli — equal.
- i mi dunli lo mensi be mi lo ka clani i ku'i mi na mintu le mensi — I am as long as my sister is. But I'm not her.
- i mi dunli do lo ka jinvi ma kau lo se zukte be le prenu — I am in concord with you in what we think about his actions.
- Related words: du'i, satci, frica, simsa, mintu
dunra — x1(entity) is winter of year x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo dunra — winter.
- i ca lo dunra be lo re no no mu moi bei la australiias mi pu zvati ti — During Australian winter of year 2005 I was here.
- Related words: citsi, crisa, critu, vensa
dy [pronoun] — d (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like dy is for the last lo drudi used.
dzena — x1(entity) is an elder or ancestor of x2(entity) by bond x3(property of x1 and x2)
- lo dzena — ancestor. lo se dzena — descendant.
- i do dzena mi lo ka ce'u ce'u lidne lo ka jbena ca ma kau — You are my ancestor since you were born before me.
- Related words: patfu, rirni, tamne
dzipo — x1(entity) is Antarctican in x2(property of x1)
- i au mi vitke lo dzipo tumla — I want to visit the Antarctica.
- Related words: ketco, friko, sralo, terdi
e [conjunction for nouns] — and
- i mi e do pu casnu lo za'u bangu — I discussed languages, and you discussed languages (maybe not with each other, maybe in different discussions).
- Related words: ce, je, a, e, ji, o, u
e bu [pronoun] — e (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like e bu is for the last la edvard used.
e'a [interjection] — help yourself, you may, I allow, e'a nai — prohibiting
- i e'a do klama lo nenri — You may come in.
- i e'a nai fagri — No fire allowed!
- i e'a nai crepu lo flora — You may not pick the flowers.
- Related words: e'ande
e'ande — x1(entity) allows, permits x2(entity) to do x3(property of x2)
- lo e'ande — who allows. lo se e'ande — who has permission. lo te e'ande — what is allowed.
- i e'o do e'ande mi lo ka tcidu le cukta ba lo nu do mo'u tcidu ri — Please, allow me to read the book after you finish reading it.
- i le rirni pu e'ande le verba lo ka kelci bu'u le panka — The parent let the child play in the park.
- Related words: curmi, rinju, banzu, ralte, jimte, jaspu, zifre
e'e [interjection] — Come on! (encouragement, instigation, provokation), e'e nai — discouragement, demoralization
- i e'e klama lo zdani — Let's go home.
- i do e'e co'u denpa — C'mon, what are you waiting for?
- i e'e do jarco lo ka vlipa — Show your strength, go for it!
- i e'e mi kuspe do — I'll reach you.
- i e'e nai mi claxu lo se ditcu — Sorry, I lack time.
- Related words: kakne, certu
e'i [interjection] — command, instruction, imposing obligation (imperative interjection)
- i e'i mi cliva — I have to leave.
- i do sanga e'i — Sing!
- i e'i do carmi gunka — You ought to work hard.
- Related words: bapli, rinju
e'o [interjection] — please (request), e'o nai — offer, grant
- i e'o mi zgana — Let me see.
- i e'o do dunda le jisra mi — Will you pass the juice, please?
- i e'o nai ko lebna lo titla — Here, take some candies.
- Related words: cpedu, pikci
e'u [interjection] — Let's (suggestion), e'u nai — warning, disadvise
- i e'u mi'o troci — Let's try.
- i e'u klama — Let's go.
- i e'u nai do stapa le crepu — You'd better not step onto the bridge.
- i e'u do dasni lo kosta — You ought to wear a coat.
- Related words: stidi, kajde
ei [interjection] — I should ..., one should ..., as I feel it it should be so that ... (obligation), ei nai — freedom, how things might need not be
- i ei do ca sipna — You should be sleeping now.
- i ei do djuno — You ought to know.
- i ei nai do mipri lo nei — You needn't hide yourself.
- i ro da cu se senpi ei — Everything should be doubted.
- Related words: bilga, zifre
enge — x1(entity) is an architect/designer/engineer of x2(entity)
- lo enge — designer.
- i lo patfu be mi pu enge ti noi dinju — My father was an architect of this building.
- Related words: zbasu, platu
entuzi — x1(entity) is enthusiastic, excited about x2(clause, property of x1)
- lo entuzi — enthusiastic.
- i la kevin cu mutce lo ka entuzi lo ka co'a se jibri lo cnino — Kevin is very enthusiastic about getting a new job.
- Comment: carmi akti is for the meaning excited (in high energy state).
- Related words: xanka, carmi, akti
esporte — x1(entity) is a type of sports practiced by x2(entity)
- lo esporte — sports. lo se esporte — sportsperson, sportsman, sportswoman.
- i mi se esporte la tenis — I practice tennis.
- Related words: zajba, sluji, dansu
fa [case tag] — prefix for the 1st place of the current clause
- i fe zo coi cusku fa mi — Hello, said I.
- i fe ma fa mi zukte ei — What should I do?
- i sarcu fa lo nu do zvati — It's required that you are present.
fa'a [preposition of place] — directly towards ...
- i ko catlu fa'a le canko — Look in the direction of the window.
- i xu le pa cipni ca'o vofli fa'a lo solri — Is the bird flying towards the Sun?
fa'u [conjunction] — and respectively ... (forms unmixed set)
- i zmadu fa'u mleca fi lo ka sampu fa'u lo ka drani — It's more easy and less correct, respectively.
facki — x1(entity) discovers fact x2(proposition) about x3(entity) ; x1 finds out that x2 is true
- lo facki — discoverer. lo se facki — discovery.
- i mi facki lo jitfa lo pu se cusku be la alis — I discovered false statements in what Alice said.
- i mi facki le du'u le tcadu cu jibni — I found that the city is near.
- i mi pu facki le du'u le lisri cu xajmi — I found the story funny.
- Comment: for searching for objects and finding them use mitysisku and zvafa'i.
- Related words: cirko, djuno, jijnu, smadi, sisku
fadni — x1(entity) is ordinary in x2(property of x1) among x3(entity)
- lo fadni — typical, ordinary.
- i fi lo pendo be mi cu fadni fa la kevin lo ka cusku lo simsa noi srana mi — Among my friends, it's common for Kevin to say such things about me.
- Related words: cafne, rirci, kampu, lakne, tcaci, cnano
fagri — x1(entity) is a fire in fuel x2(entity) burning in x3(entity: 'oxygen' by default)
- lo fagri — fire. lo se fagri — fuel for fire. lo te fagri — oxidizer of fire.
- i lo fagri be le boske bei lo brife co'a carmi — The fire in the forest burning in the wind becomes intense.
- i le mudri cu se fagri — The wood is burning.
- Related words: jelca, sacki
fai [case tag] — restores the part of a clause omitted using jai
- i lo nu jimpe la'e ti cu nandu i la'e ti jai nandu fai lo ka se jimpe — Understanding this is hard. This is hard to understand.
falnu — x1(entity) is a sail for gathering wind x2(entity) on vehicle x3(entity)
- lo falnu — sail. lo se falnu — wind for a sail. lo te falnu — sailboat.
- i ti noi bloti cu te falnu — This is a sailboat.
- i ti noi molki cu te falnu lo djacu pa xislu — This mill operates on a water wheel.
- Comment: x2 can be wind, water or other forces enabling the sail to work.
- Related words: bloti
famti — x1(entity) is an aunt or uncle of x2(entity) by bond x3(property of x1 and x2)
- lo famti — aunt, uncle. lo se famti — niece, nephew.
- i do famti mi lo ka ce'u mensi lo mamta be ce'u — You are my aunt since you are a sister of my mother.
- Related words: bruna, mamta, mensi, patfu, rirni, tamne
fancu — x1(entity) is a function mapping argument domain x2(entity) to function range x3(entity) defined by rule x4(text) ; x1 is a function of x2
- lo fancu — function. lo se fancu — domain of function arguments. lo te fancu — range of function.
- i lo nu se la'u li xo kau mi'o snada cu te fancu lo nu se la'u li xo kau mi'o troci — Our success depends on how hard we try.
- i lo jdima be lo broda cu te fancu lo nu le broda tai ma kau cu se sabji jo'u lo nu le broda cu se cpedu xo kau da — The price of a good is a function of its supply and demand.
- i lo nu mi jimpe la'e ti na te fancu tu'a do — I don't depend on you to understand this.
- i li fy pe li xy cu fancu li ma'u li ma'u no me'o vei xy su'i pa ve'o pi'i vei xy vu'u pa ve'o — f(x) = (x + 1) (x − 1), where x>1, f(x)>0.
- Related words: mekso, bridi
fange — x1(entity) is alien or unfamiliar to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo fange — alien, unfamiliar.
- i ra fange mi lo ka zukte ma kau — He is alien to me in what he does.
- Related words: cizra, jbena, ckini
fanmo — x1(clause) is the final, last part leading up to completion of x2(clause)
- lo fanmo — finish, finale, final part, end (ending). lo se fanmo — process being finished.
- i do te mukti lo ka mo ca lo fanmo lo ca jeftu — What are you going to do on weekend?
- i lo fanmo be le te jivna ba cinri ba'a — I expect the final part of the competition interesting.
- Comment: can refer to place.
- Related words: cfari, sisti, krasi, mulno, denpa, jipno, traji
fanri — x1(entity) is a factory or mill producing x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- lo fanri — factory, mill. lo se fanri — product of a factory. lo te fanri — raw material for a factory.
- i ti fanri lo nanba lo gurni — This is a mill producing bread from grain.
- Related words: molki, gundi
fanta — x1(entity) prevents x2(clause) from occurring
- lo se fanta — event being prevented.
- i lo bumru pu fanta lo nu mi'a viska da — Fog prevented us from seeing anything.
- Related words: pinfu, bandu, zunti, rinju, jimte, bapli, rivbi
fanva — x1(entity) translates x2(text) to language x3(entity) from language x4(entity) with result x5(text)
- lo fanva — translator. lo se fanva — text to be translated. lo te fanva — target language for translation. lo ve fanva — source language for translation. lo xe fanva — translation (text).
- i mi pu fanva lu coi ui li'u lo glico lo lojbo zoi gy.yay, hello!.gy. — I translated coi ui to English from Lojban as "Yay, hello!"
- i xu lu coi do li'u drani xe fanva zoi gy.Hello, you!.gy. — Is coi do a correct translation of "Hello, you!""?
- Comment: traduki is an alternative to fanva.
- Related words: cusku, bangu, traduki
fanza — x1(clause) annoys x2(entity)
- lo fanza — annoying event. lo se fanza — annoyed person.
- i lo nu lo verba cu klaku cu fanza lo mamta be le verba — Baby crying annoys his mother.
- i do fanza mi — You annoy me.
- Related words: fengu, raktu, dicra, tunta, zunti, jicla
fapro — x1(entity) opposes, doesn't surrender to x2(entity) about x3(entity, property of x1) ; x1 refuses to do x3
- i mi pu fliba lo ka fapro lo nu do cisma — I couldn't resist your smile.
- i xu do fapro fi lo ka sidju mi — Do you refuse to help me?
- Related words: bandu, bradi, darlu, damba, jivna, lanxe, rivbi, sarji, xarnu
farlu — x1(entity) falls to x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- i mi pu farlu fi pa skalera fe lo dertu — I fell down from the stairs onto the ground.
- i la alis pu jai gau farlu fai le dakli le jubme — Alice dropped the bag on the table.
- Related words: lafti, cpare, klama, sfubu
farna — x1(entity) is the direction of x2(entity) from origin x3(entity)
- lo farna — direction, trend.
- i le canko cu farna lo nu la alis pu catlu vau mi — From my viewpoint, Alice was looking at the direction of the window.
- Related words: zunle, pritu, galtu, gapru, cnita, dizlo, berti, snanu, stuna, stici, purci, balvi, lidne
farvi — x1(entity) evolves or develops into x2(entity) from x3(entity) through stages x4(ordered entity group)
- lo ve farvi — stage of development, version in development.
- i lo'e nanba cu farvi lo bredi lo te zbasu lo nu co'a mixre lo purmo jo'u lo matne jo'u lo sovda jo'u lo sakta vau jo'u ba bo lo nu glare jo'u ba bo lo nu satre vo'a lo matne — One makes a standard cake from raw materials by mixing flour, butter, eggs and sugar together, then heating, then greasing the cake with butter, and after that, it is ready.
- Related words: pruce, banro, makcu, ciste, cupra, ferti
fasnu — x1(clause) occurs or happens
- lo fasnu — occurrence, case (occurrence).
- i lo cizra pu va fasnu — There were strange things happening there.
- i lo ei ba fasnu ba fasnu — Whatever shall be will be.
- Related words: fau, krefu, lifri, fatci, rapli, gasnu, zukte, banli
fatci — x1(proposition) is a fact
- lo fatci — fact, factual.
- i mi se la'u li me'i ro birti le du'u ro se djuno be mi bei le munje cu fatci — I'm not completely sure that all that I know about the world are actual facts.
- Related words: datni, jitfa, xanri, jetnu, fasnu, zasti, cfika, saske
fatri — x1(entity) is distributed among x2(entity) with portions x3(entity)
- lo fatri — distributed. lo te fatri — portion of a distributed thing.
- i gau mi fatri fa lo titla lo verba lo pa mei — I handed out candies to children one candy to each of them.
- Related words: fa'u, fendi, preja, katna, tcana
fau [preposition] — with the event of ...
- i fau lo nu do djica vau ko cpedu fi mi — If you want, ask me.
- i ro da zo'u fau ro nu do nitcu da vau ko da lebna — Whenever you need something, take it.
- i fau ro da da'i mi snada — I would succeed anyway.
- i da'i ma fasnu fau lo nu ro remna no roi sipna — What would happen if humans never slept?
fe [case tag] — prefix for the 2nd place of the current clause
- i fe ma zvati fa la alis — Where is Alice?
fe'e [prefix for a preposition] — explicitly marks the following preposition as referring to space, not time
- i ko vi'i fe'e di'i sombo le gurni — Sow the grain in a line and evenly!
fe'i — division operator (symbol / or : in math)
- i le jubme cu mitre li pa fe'i re — The table is half a meter in length.
- Comment: fe'i is used only in math expressions, for fractions use fi'u..
fe'o [vocative] — over and out (at the end of discussion)
- i ca ti mi cliva e'i fe'o — Now I have to leave, have a nice day!
fe'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: fi'o
febvi — x1(entity) evaporates, boils
- lo febvi — something boiling.
- i le djacu za'o febvi — The water is already boiling.
- Related words: dunja, lunsa, litki
fegli — x1(entity) is ugly to observer x2(entity) in aspect x3(property of x1)
- lo fegli — something ugly.
- i le djacu cu fegli lo ka se panci ma kau — The water has an ugly smell.
- Related words: rigni, melbi, pluka
fei [digit/number] — hex digit B (decimal 11), eleven
- i mi ba volta de'i li cy fei — I will return at 11 o'clock.
femti — x1(entity) is 10-15 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo pa protoni cu femti lo mitre be li ji'i pa pi xa boi lo ka klani ma kau — A proton has a size of about 1.6 femtometres.
- Related words: centi
fendi — x1(entity) divides x2(entity) into x3(entity)
- lo fendi — divider. lo se fendi — divided.
- i mi fendi le najnimre ci spisa — I divide the orange into three pieces.
- Related words: sepli, bitmu, fatri, dilcu, katna, frinu
fengu — x1(entity) is angry with x2(entity) for x3(property of x2)
- lo fengu — angry.
- i ra pu fengu mi lo ka pu na klama — She was angry with me for not coming.
- Related words: fanza, dunku
fenki — x1(clause) is crazy
- lo fenki — crazy action.
- i le tcini cu fenki — The situation is crazy.
- i lo ka fengu cu klesi lo ka jai fenki — Anger is a form of madness.
- Related words: bebna, racli, xajmi
fenra — x1(entity) is a crack in x2(entity)
- lo fenra — crack.
- i da fenra le bitmu — There is a crack in the wall.
- Related words: kevna, cfila, jinto
fenso — x1(entity) sews or stitches x2(entity group) together with tool x3(entity) using filament x4(entity)
- i le nixli pu fenso pa bukpu pa jesni pa cilta — The girl sewed pieces of cloth using a needle and a thread.
- Related words: cilta, jivbu, jorne, nivji, pijne, lasna
fepni — x1(entity) is x2(number) cents/copecks in value in monetary system x3(entity)
- i le penbi cu fepni li mu no lo ropno — The pen costs 50 eurocents.
- Comment: describes money subunits like cents, kopecks.
- Related words: sicni, jdini, jdima, vecnu, rupnu, dekpu, gutci, minli, merli, bunda, kramu
fepri — x1(entity) is the lung of x2(entity)
- lo fepri — lung.
- i ro da pu sanga se rai lo ka pilno lo fepri be vo'a — Everybody sang at the top of their lungs.
- Related words: pambe, vasxu
ferti — x1(entity) is fertile for growing x2(entity, property of x1)
- lo ferti — fertile.
- i lo vi tumla cu ferti lo ka te crepu lo vanjba — This land is fertile for reaping grapes.
- i ti noi fetsi cu ferti lo ka se tarbi — This female is fertile for conception.
- Comment: covers both potential and actual/realized fertility.
- Related words: vanbi, sidju, rorci, farvi, banro, cange
festi — x1(entity) is waste from x2(entity)
- lo festi — waste.
- i ko bevri lo festi be lo grute lo klaji — Take the fruit scraps to the street.
- Related words: xaksu, kalci, pinca
fetsi — x1(entity) is a female of species x2(taxon) with feminine traits x3(property of x1)
- lo fetsi — female. lo te fetsi — feminine trait.
- i ti fetsi lo finpe lo ka se ganti ma kau — This fish is female in having a certain kind of gonads.
- Related words: nakni
fi [case tag] — prefix for the 3rd place of the current clause
- i mi dunda fe ti fi do — I give this to you.
- i mi co'i klama fi le tsani — I came from the sky.
fi'a [case tag] — asks for the case tag like fa, fe, fi, fo, fu (that should go into the place to which fi'a is put)
- i lu do klama fi'a le zdani li'u lu fi li'u — "Are you going home, from home or?" "From home."
fi'i [vocative] — you are welcome, make yourself at home (expression of hospitality), fi'i nai — expression of inhospitality
- i fi'i lo vitke be lo zdani be mi'a — Welcome to our house.
- i do le'o co'e ne'a lo zdani be mi fi'i nai — How dare you show up near my house, go away!
- Comment: je'e is you are welcome for replies to thanks.
fi'o — turn clause into preposition/adverb
- i le mlatu pu plipe fi'o suksa — The cat jumped quickly.
- i le nabmi cu nandu fi'o jinvi so'i prenu — The problem is difficult according to many people.
- Comment: used in the form of 'fi'o + verb' or 'fi'o + verb + the first place of the verb' (thus the first place of the verb goes after it).
fi'u [digit/number] — fraction slash; if no number to the left then '1' is assumed; when used alone equals to golden ratio (approximately '1.618')
- i mi pu citka pa fi'u ci plise — I ate 1/3 of an apple.
- i lo re fi'u ci si'ei be lo prenu na kakne lo ka limna — Two thirds of people can't swim.
- i lo se klani be fi lo ka clani be'o fi'u lo se klani be fi lo ka ganra cu du li fi'u — The length is in golden ratio to the length.
- i mi pu te vecnu pa re fi'u re sovda — I bought half a dozen eggs.
- Comment: for divisions in math expressions use fe'i.
figre — x1(entity) is a fig of species x2(taxon)
- lo figre — fig.
- i mi nelci ti noi crino figre — I like these green figs.
- Related words: grute
finpe — x1(entity) is a fish of species x2(taxon)
- lo finpe — fish.
- i mi se pluka lo ka kalte lo finpe — I like fishing.
- Related words: danlu
finti — x1(entity) invents or creates x2(entity) for purpose x3(entity) from existing elements or ideas x4(entity)
- lo finti — creator. lo se finti — creation (object created), creature. lo te finti — purpose of creation. lo ve finti — raw materials for creation.
- i mi pu finti pa lisri lo ka jai gau zdile le verba vau lo se vedli be mi — I created a story out of my real experience to amuse the child.
- Related words: ciska, pemci, zbasu, larcu, prosa, skina
firca — x1(entity) flirts with x2(entity) by doing x3(property of x1)
- i ko sisti lo ka firca lo mensi be mi lo ka benji lo jai se dunda ri — Stop flirting with my sister by sending her gifts.
- Related words: seksi, prami, jikca, melbi, tirna, tarti, gletu
flalu — x1(entity) is a law specifying x2(property of x3) for community x3(entity)
- lo flalu — law.
- i lo flalu be lo ka na ralte lo gerku bei ro se zdani cu cizra — The law specifying that no citizen should keep a dog is crazy.
- Comment: x1 is the name of the law.
- Related words: javni, ritli, zekri, pulji, tinbe
flani — x1(entity) is a flute, fife
- lo flani — flute.
- i lo sance be le flani cu jai pluka — The flute has a pleasant sound.
- Related words: zgike
flaume — x1(entity) is a plum of species x2(taxon)
- lo flaume — plum.
- i lo pa spisa be lo flaume torta ije uo mi ba'o xagji — A piece of a plum cake, and, voilà, I'm no longer hungry.
- Comment: lo flaume poi grute is @@plum (fruit), lo flaume poi tricu is @@plum tree. flaume alone can denote either of them.
- Related words: jbari, titla, grute, tricu
flecu — x1(entity) is a current in x2(entity) flowing towards x3(entity) from x4(entity)
- lo flecu — current (flow), flow (current).
- i ti flecu lo condi pa lalxu pa galtu krasi pe bu'u loi cmana — This is a current in a deep bed running towards a lake from high springheads in the mountains.
- Comment: flu'ente that has a place structure identical to muvdu.
fliba — x1(entity) fails at doing x2(property of x1)
- i mi za'u re'u fliba le cipra — I failed the test again.
- i le se troci pu se fliba — The attempt failed.
- i mi fliba lo ka zvafa'i le penbi — I can't find the pen.
- Related words: cfila, snada, srera, troci, sisti, ranji, denpa, bebna, zunti
flira — x1(entity) is a face of body x2(entity)
- lo flira — face.
- i u'e melbi flira ra — What a nice face she has!
- i ra pu minde mi lo ka lumci lo flira be mi — He told me to wash my face.
- Related words: sefta, stedu, crane, mebri
flora — x1(entity) is a flower of plant or species x2(taxon) ; x2 is in the bloom
- lo flora — flower. lo se flora — blooming.
- i lo se flora poi do viska cu rozgu — This flower is a rose.
- Related words: spati, panci, sumne
flu'ente — x1(entity) is a fluid flowing to x2(entity) from x3(entity) via the route x4(entity)
- lo flu'ente — fluent, fluid, flow.
- i ti flu'ente pa lalxu pa galtu krasi pe bu'u loi cmana lo condi — This is a current in a deep bed running towards a lake from high springheads in the mountains.
- i lo flu'ente pe lo bu'u tcadu cu carmi — The traffic in this city is intense.
- i lo nazbi be mi cu ve flu'ente — I have a runny nose.
- i le cmana mo'u se flu'ente lo glare — The mountain erupted jetting hot matter.
- Comment: muvdu is a more general term. senta is for where no directionality is implied.
- Related words: rirxe, naxle, senta, rinci, xampo, letri, sakci, gapci, litki, ciblu
fo [case tag] — prefix for the 4th place of the current clause
- i mi pu ciksi fe le nu mi pu na zvati vau fo lo nu mi pu bilma — I explained that I was absent because I was ill.
foldi — x1(entity) is a field made of material x2(entity)
- lo foldi — field.
- i mi vreta bu'u pa foldi be lo flora — I'm lying on a flower field.
- Related words: purdi, cange
fonmo — x1(entity) is some foam or froth of material x2(entity) with bubbles of material x3(entity)
- lo fonmo — foam. lo te fonmo — bubble in foam.
- i le glare pu ru'i cupra lo fonmo be lo djacu bei lo gapci — The heat was producing bubbles of gas in the water.
- Related words: zbabu
fonxa — x1(entity) is a phone or modem in network x2(entity)
- lo fonxa — telephone, phone. lo se fonxa — phone network.
- i ti fonxa lo skori e nai lo te cradi — This is a landline phone, not a radiophone.
- Related words: tcana
forca — x1(entity) is a fork for x2(clause) with tines x3(entity) on base x4(entity)
- lo forca — fork.
- i ti forca lo nu jukpa vau lo ci mei lo mudri — This is a wooden fork for cooking with three tines.
- Related words: dakfu, smuci, kombitu, tutci
fragari — x1(entity) is a strawberry of species/breed x2(taxon)
- lo fragari — strawberry.
- i lo fragari cu je'a titla — Strawberries are really sweet.
- Related words: jbari, grute, rozgu
fraso — x1(entity) is French in x2(property of x1)
- lo fraso — French.
- i xu do tavla fo lo fraso — Do you speak French?
- Related words: ropno
fraxu — x1(entity) forgives x2(entity) for x3(property of x2)
- lo te fraxu — action forgiven.
- i ko fraxu mi lo ka jai lerci — Forgive me for being late.
- Related words: dunda, e'ande, zungi
frica — x1(entity) differs from x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2 with kau)
- lo frica — something different.
- i mi frica do lo ka nelci ma kau — You and I differ from each other in what we like.
- Related words: ranxi, drata, dunli, simsa, vrici
friko — x1(entity) is African in x2(property of x1)
- lo friko — African.
- i au mi viska lo friko xanto — I want to see African elephants.
- Related words: ropno, xazdo
frili — x1(property of x2) is easy for x2(entity)
- lo frili — easy.
- i ti noi karce cu jai frili fai lo ka se sazri — This car is easy to handle.
- i na pu frili mi fa lo ka zvafa'i lei ckiku — It wasn't easy for me to find the keys.
- Related words: nandu, sampu, zifre
frinu — x1(entity) is a fraction of x2(entity) divided by x3(entity)
- lo frinu — fraction. lo se frinu — numerator of a fraction. lo te frinu — denominator of a fraction.
- i li re frinu li bi li vo — 2 = 8 / 2.
- Related words: parbi, dilcu, mekso, fendi
friti — x1(entity) offers x2(clause) to x3(entity)
- lo se friti — offering.
- i mi pu friti fi le mamta fe lo nu mi sidju le verba lo ka klama lo cnita — I offered the mother to help the child to go down.
- Related words: canja, dunda, rinsa, vecnu, jdima, cnemu, pleji, vitke
frumu — x1(entity) grimaces, frowns
- i le nakni pu frumu ca lo nu ri catlu mi — He frowned looking at me.
- Related words: cmila, cisma
fu [case tag] — prefix for the 5th place of the current clause
- i mi ba benji lo xatra fu lo kibro — I will send the letter via the internet.
fu'au [interjection] — luckily, fu'au nai — unluckily
- i fu'au mi se e'ande fi lo ka dasni lo tordu skaci — Luckily, I'm allowed to wear a short skirt.
- i do ca zvati lo zdani fu'au dai — You are now at home, lucky you.
- i fu'au nai lo vi dacti na mutce da'i lo ka plixau — Unluckily, this thing wouldn't be of big help.
- i fu'au nai no da pu ganse le nu le ninmu ba'o kansa mi'a — Unluckily, no one noticed that she was no longer with us.
- Related words: zabna, funca, ui, di'ai
fu'e — creates a scope (brackets) of influence for an interjection
- i mi viska pa fu'e ia cizra zdani fu'o — I can see what I believe is a strange house.
- i mi ca klama lo drata tcadu fu'e ta'o de'i li jy dy re te zu'e lo ka viska loi rirni be mi fu'o — I am going to another city (on Tuesday, by the way, to visit my parents).
fu'i [interjection modifier] — the state has been achieved easily, fu'i nai — state has been achieved hard
- i e'e fu'i mi cpare le cmana — I can easily climb the mountain, I can go for it!
- i ui fu'i nai mi tsuku lo korbi be le tcadu — Yay, that was hard but now I'm at the edge of the city.
- Related words: frili
fu'o [terminator] — ends a construct started with: fu'e
fukpi — x1(entity) is a copy of x2(entity) in form x3(entity) made by method x4(clause)
- lo fukpi — copy, replica.
- i mi ralte pa fukpi be ti noi pixra bei pa bukpu pe lo jubme bei lo nu prina — I have a printed copy of this picture made as a tablecloth.
- Related words: krefu, rapli, gidva, zi'evla
fulta — x1(entity) floats in or on gas or fluid x2(entity)
- i lo morsi pezli xu fulta lo sefta be le djacu — Dead leaves float on the surface of the water.
- Related words: limna, bloti, sakli
funca — x1(clause) is determined by the good or bad luck of x2(entity)
- lo funca — luck (good or bad).
- i mi se funca lo ka se jundi ro da — I'm lucky in that everybody listens to me.
- Related words: cunso, mabla, zabna
fusra — x1(entity) rots or decays
- lo fusra — rotting.
- i pa perli mo'u fusra — There is one pear and it is rotten.
- Related words: birje, vanju, vifne
fuzme — x1(entity) is responsible for x2(clause) to authority x3(entity)
- lo fuzme — responsible for, accountable for.
- i la alis pu jai se facki fai lo ka na fuzme le zekri vau le kamni — Alice was found not responsible for the crime by the committee.
- Related words: bilga
fy [pronoun] — f (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like fy is for the last lo frumu used.
ga [forethought conjunction] — and/or
- i ga mi citka gi mi kelci — I either eat or play, or do both.
- Comment: used to connect nouns, adverbs, verbs, clauses. Shows that at least one of the constructs inside ga ... gi is true.
ga'a [preposition from zgana] — to observer ..., observed by ..., adverb: being observed
- i ga'a mi ca cerni — To me it's morning now.
- Comment: not limited to vision. When used as a preposition (with a noun after it) the clause itself describes what is being observed. When used after ne the clause itself describes sense via one observes.
ga'i [interjection] — expressing hauteur, ga'i cu'i — expressing equal rank, ga'i nai — meekness (used with one of lower rank)
- i do nitcu ma doi lo pikci ga'i — What do you need, you beggar?
- i mi ro do ga'i cu'i tavla — I'm talking to you, my peers.
- i e'o doi lo turni ko sidju mi'a ga'i nai sai — Please, governor, help us, worthless people.
- Related words: gapru, cnita
ga'u [preposition of cardinal direction] — up from ..., adverb: above
- i pu bumru ga'u lo lalxu — There was mist over the river.
gacri — x1(entity) is a lid for covering x2(entity)
- lo gacri — lid. lo se gacri — something with a lid.
- i lo snime cu gacri le dertu — Snow covers the ground.
- Related words: pilka, gapru, marbi, drudi, botpi, bitmu, calku
gadri — x1(text) is a gadri, a grammatical particle producing noun out of verb x2(text)
- lo gadri — gadri (grammatical particle).
- i zo le gadri lu nu dansu li'u — le is a gadri.
- Comment: lo, le, la, lai, loi, lei, lo'e, le'e are the most common gadri.
- Related words: valsi, cmavo
gai [digit/number] — hex digit C (decimal 12), twelve, dozen
- i mi citka de'i li cy gai — I eat at noon (12 o'clock).
galfi — x1(entity) transforms, modifies, changes x2(entity) into x3(entity)
- lo galfi — modifier, transformer.
- i le mamta pu galfi le rectu jo'u le nanba lo pluka snuji — Mother turned the meat and the bread into lovely sandwiches.
- i ju'o le ninmu ba galfi la kevin lo speni be vo'a — I'm sure she will make Kevin her spouse.
- i lo lenku brife pu galfi le pezli lo bunre — The cold wind turned the leaves brown.
- Comment: binxo describes that entity turns into another entity, galfi is to turn one entity into another one. cenba describes how entity changes its state while remaining the same entity, stika is to make entity change its state.
- Related words: stika, binxo, cenba, zasni
galtu — x1(entity) is high in reference frame x2(entity) ; x1 is an upper part of x2
- lo galtu — high.
- i le cipni cu galtu mi — The bird is high compared to me.
- Related words: gapru, dizlo, cnita, drudi, farna
galxe — x1(entity) is a throat of x2(entity)
- lo galxe — throat.
- i da'i lo djacu cu xamgu lo galxe be do — Water would be fine for your throat.
- Related words: cnebo, kevna, tunlo
ganlo — portal x1(entity) is closed, preventing access to place x2(entity) for object x3(entity)
- lo ganlo — closed.
- i le vorme cu ganlo lo nenri lo fange — The door is closed not letting the strangers in.
- Related words: kalri, pagre, canko, vorme, zunti
ganra — x1(entity) is broad or wide in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo ganra — broad, wide.
- i le tricu cu ganra lo ka se midju — The tree is thick in the middle.
- Comment: the second largest dimension. ganra, rotsu and clani specify the three dimensions of objects.
- Related words: clani, jarki, rotsu, condi, barda, gutci, minli
ganse — x1(entity) detects or senses x2(entity) by means x3(property of x1)
- lo se ganse — feeling (sensation).
- i mi ganse lo nu ti cpina vau lo ka smaka ri — I sense it being irritating by tasting it.
- Related words: pencu, sanji, viska, sumne, tirna, zgana, canci, simlu
ganti — x1(entity) is a gonad/ovary of x2(entity) of sex x3(entity)
- lo ganti — gonad. lo te ganti — sex (biological).
- i lo xanto cu se ganti lo barda lo nakni — Male elephants have large testicles.
- Related words: plibu, sovda, nakpinji, gutra, mabla
ganxo — x1(entity) is the anus of x2(entity)
- lo ganxo — anus.
- i le mikce pu kucli tu'a lo nabmi pe lo ganxo be le nanmu — The doctor was curious about the problem with the anus of the man.
- Related words: zargu, kalci, mabla, rinci
ganzu — x1(entity) organizes chaos x2(entity) into order x3(entity) by principle x4(proposition)
- lo ganzu — organizer. lo se ganzu — chaotic, not organized. lo te ganzu — organized.
- i le turni pu ganzu lo ruble prenu lo vlipa jenmi lo ka bapli lo nu le jenmi cu zukte lo te minde — He turned weak people into a powerful army by making them execute orders.
- Related words: ciste, morna, stura, cabra
gapci — x1(entity) is a gas
- lo gapci — gas.
- i ti noi karce cu se livla lo gapci — This car is powered by gas.
- Related words: pambe, vacri, litki, sligu, danmo, bumru, cidro, flu'ente
gapru — x1(entity) is directly above x2(entity)
- lo gapru — something above.
- i le solri ca gapru mi — The Sun is now above me.
- Related words: tsani, galtu, cnita, drudi, gacri, dizlo, farna
garna — x1(entity) is a railing or bar supporting or restraining x2(entity)
- lo garna — rail.
- i ti garna lo xance — This is a handrail.
- Related words: kamju, grana, tutci
gasnu — x1(entity) causes x2(clause) to happen
- lo gasnu — agent.
- i do pu gasnu lo nu mi klaku — You made me cry.
- Comment: lo zukte is who do something themselves, lo gasnu is agent who causes something, lo se jalge is event that causes something.
- Related words: gau, gunka, zukte, rinka, fasnu, jibri, kakne, pilno
gasta — x1(entity) is some steel
- lo gasta — steel.
- i lo balre be ti noi dakfu cu gasta — The blade of this knife is made of steel.
- Related words: jinme, molki, tirse
gau [preposition from gasnu] — with active agent ...
- i ba gau mi do cliva — I will make you leave.
- i mi pu jai gau citka fai le verba — I fed the child.
- Comment: the clause describes the event cause by the agent; agent/ergative case tag.
ge [forethought conjunction] — and
- i mi ge citka pa torta gi pinxe lo jisra — I both eat a cake and drink some juice.
- Comment: used to connect nouns, adverbs, verbs, clauses. Shows that both constructs inside ge ... gi are true.
ge'e [interjection] — attitude unspecified or known from context
- i ge'e lo mlatu pe mi mo'u se jbena pa no da — Well, my cat has given birth to ten kittens.
ge'i [forethought conjunction] — question
- i lu do ge'i citka lo torta gi pinxe lo jisra li'u lu ge li'u — "What connective of GA series matches your situation: you eat a cake, you drink some juice?" "I do both."
- Comment: used to connect nouns, adverbs, verbs, clauses.
ge'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: goi, ne, pe, po'e
genja — x1(entity) is a root of x2(entity)
- lo genja — root.
- i ti noi spati cu se genja lo clani — This plant has long roots.
- Related words: jamfu, jicmu, patlu, samcu, spati, krasi
genxu — x1(entity) is a hook
- lo genxu — hook.
- i mi pu kavbu pa finpe pa genxu — I caught a fish with a hook.
- Related words: korcu
gerku — x1(entity) is a dog of species x2(taxon)
- lo gerku — dog.
- i mi jai gau citka fai lo gerku pe mi re roi ro djedi — I feed my dog twice a day.
- Related words: lorxu, labno, mlatu
gerna — x1(proposition) is the grammar of language x2(entity) for structure x3(text)
- lo gerna — grammar. lo te gerna — text.
- i le du'u lo gadri cu lidne lo se du'u selbri cu gerna la lojban lo sumti — That gadri precede selbri is the grammar of Lojban for sumti.
- i zoi ry.привет.ry. te gerna lo rusko — "привет" is a Russian text.
- Related words: bangu, stura, cmavo, jufra
gi [middle separator] — separator of the two parts in the forethought connection
- i ge do gi mi nelci lo perli — Both you and I like pears.
gi'a [connective for clause tail] — and/or
- i mi citka gi'a sanga — I do at least one of the following: I drink and I sing. I drink or I sing.
- Comment: means at least one of the two (of clause tails connected using gi'a).
gi'e [connective for clause tail] — and
- i ai mi lumci lo kumfa gi'e jukpa lo torta — I'm going to clean the room and cook a cake.
gi'e nai [connective for clause tail] — and not
- i mi tavla bau la lojban gi'e nai certu tu'a ri — I speak Lojban but I'm not an expert in it.
gi'i [connective for clause tail] — question
- i do klama gi'i stali — Are you going or staying?
gi'o [connective for clause tail] — both or none
- i ro da ka'e prenu gi'o ka'e tavla — Everyone either can be a person and can talk, or have none of that.
- Comment: describes event requiring both connected main verbs to be true in respect to their shared nouns.
gi'u [connective for clause tail] — whether or not
- i mi citka gi'u sanga — I eat (whether or not I sing).
gidva — x1(entity) guides or leads x2(entity) in x3(property of x2)
- lo gidva — guide (conductor).
- i ra gidva mi lo ka tadni la lojban — He guides me in studying Lojban.
- Related words: jitro, ralju, sazri, te bende, jatna, fukpi, morna
gigdo — x1(entity) is a billion, 109 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo vi tcana cu gigdo lo bitni lo ka benji ca ro snidu — This network station sends 1 gigabit of data per second.
- Related words: centi
ginka — x1(entity) is a camp of inhabitants x2(entity)
- lo ginka — camp. lo se ginka — camper.
- i mi'ai pu zbasu pa ginka pe bu'u le lalxu — We made camp near the lake.
- i mi'ai pu se ginka ze'a lo jeftu — We camped there for a week.
- Comment: temporary residence.
- Related words: dinju, xabju, zdani
girzu — x1(entity) is a group with common feature x2(property of x1)
- lo girzu — group.
- i mi cmima pa girzu be lo ka tadni la lojban — I am a member of a group of those who learn Lojban.
- Related words: bende, ciste, cmima, gunma, panra, cabra, cecmu, kansa, klesi, lanzu, liste, vrici
gismu — x1(text) is a root verb
- lo gismu — gismu (root verb).
- i zo zgana gismu — zgana is a gismu (root verb).
- Related words: selbrivla, lujvo, zi'evla, cmevla
glare — x1(entity) is hot
- lo glare — hot.
- i le tcati cu glare — The tea is hot.
- Related words: lenku
gleki — x1(entity) is happy about x2(clause, property of x1)
- lo gleki — happy.
- i mi gleki lo nu do jinga — I am happy that you won.
- Related words: badri, cinmo
gletu — x1(entity) copulates or mates with x2(entity)
- i ko na gletu ra mu'i lo nu do djica ku po'o — Don't have sex with her just because you want to.
- Related words: seksi, nakpinji, plibu, vibna, vlagi, mabla, speni
glico — x1(entity) is English in x2(property of x1)
- lo glico — English.
- i mi traduki lo vi uenzi lo glico — I'm translating this text to English.
- Related words: sralo
gluta — x1(entity) is a glove or mitten
- lo gluta — glove.
- i le gluta pu jai gau stodi fai lo xance be ra lo ka mligla — The gloves kept her hands warm.
- Related words: taxfu
go [forethought conjunction] — both or none
- i go la alis ba lumci lo kumfa gi la kevin cu sidju la alis — Alice will clean a room if, and only if, Kevin helps her.
- Comment: used to connect nouns, adverbs, verbs, clauses. Shows that the whole assertion is true if each of its parts (the construct inside go ... gi and the construct after gi) are true..
go'a [verb] — copies a recent completed main level clause
- i au mi ne ka'ai do zgana pa cnino skina i ku'i za'a do ca zukcfu so'i da i ca ma mi'o ka'e go'a — I'd like to watch a new movie with you. But as I can see you are very busy now. When can we do that?
go'i [verb] — copies the last completed main main level clause
- i au mi penmi do i xu lo nu go'i cu cumki — I'd like to meet you. Is this possible?
go'o [verb] — copies the next main main level clause
- i sa'u mi pu jinvi lo nu go'o i do mutce lo ka tatpi — I simply thought this: you are very tired.
gocti — x1(entity) is 10-24 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo pa protoni cu gocti lo grake be li ji'i pa pi ze bei lo ka tilju — Proton is approximately 1.7 Yoctogram.
- Related words: centi
goi — that will from now on be called ... (a noun follows)
- i i'a da goi ko'a dinju — Okay, so there is a house, let's call it ko'a from now on.
- i ko'a simlu lo ka zarci i je so'i prenu ta'e klama lo nenri jo'u lo bartu i ji'a cinri fa lo nu pa canko be ko'a cu spofu — ko'a looks like a store, many people go in and out. In addition, it's interesting that there is a window in ko'a that is broken.
gotro — x1(entity) is 1024 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo terdi cu gotro lo grake be li ji'i pa ki'o boi lo ka tilju — The mass of the Earth is approximately 6000 Yottagram.
- Related words: centi
gradu — x1(entity) is a unit on scale x2(property of x1 with kau) measuring x3(property of x1 with kau)
- lo gradu — unit. lo se gradu — scale with units.
- i lo centi be lo mitre cu gradu lo ka mitre vau lo ka te sepli — Centimeter is a unit on metric scale, which measures distance.
- Related words: ckilu, kantu, kelvo, merli, ranti, selci
grake — x1(entity) is x2(number) grams in weight
- lo se grake — weight in grams.
- i lei plise cu grake li pa ki'o — The apples are 1 kilogram in weight.
- Related words: junta, kilto, bunda, centi, decti, dekto, femti, gigdo, gocti, gotro, litce, centi
grana — x1(entity) is a rod or pole
- lo grana — rod, stick.
- i ra pu jgari pa grana — He was holding a rod.
- Related words: garna
grasu — x1(entity) is some grease, oil
- lo grasu — grease.
- i ko punji lo so'o grasu le xislu — Put some grease on the wheel.
- i ri se savru — It squeaks.
- Related words: ctile, matne, plana
gredile — x1(entity) is a grill/grid/graticule consisting of lines x2(entity)
- lo gredile — grill, grid. lo se gredile — line of a grid.
- i ti gredile lo ci pinta jo'u lo re sraji — It's a grid with three horizontal and two vertical lines.
- Comment: see cartu, sraji, pinta, kamju.
- Related words: greku, kamju, sraji, pinta
greku — x1(entity) is a frame or structure supporting x2(entity)
- lo greku — frame.
- i lo greku be le bitmu cu mudri — The frame of the fence is wooden.
- Related words: korbi, stura, tsina, bongu
grusi — x1(entity) is gray
- lo grusi — gray.
- i ca lo nicte ro mlatu cu grusi — At night, all cats are grey.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi
grute — x1(entity) is a fruit of species x2(taxon)
- lo grute — fruit (of a plant).
- i ti noi grute be lo plise cu crino — This apple fruit is green.
- Related words: badna, dembi, figre, tcilokoiotli, narge, perli, pilka, plise, spati, stagi, tamca, tsiju, tarbi, panzi, rorci, te pruce, jbari, nimre
gu [forethought conjunction] — whether or not
- i la alis cu gu stati gi melbi — Alice is smart whether or not she is beautiful.
- Comment: used to connect nouns, adverbs, verbs, clauses.
gu'a [forethought conjunction for tanru] — and/or
- i le nu litru ba gu'a clani gi ckape — The journey will be dangerous or long.
gu'e [forethought conjunction for tanru] — and
- i ca pa djedi mi ba gu'e badri gi gleki da — One day there will be something so that I will be both sad and happy about.
gu'i [forethought conjunction for tanru] — question
- i lu do gu'i citka gi pinxe li'u lu ge li'u — "Do you eat or drink?" "Both."
gu'o [forethought conjunction for tanru] — both or none
- i ai mi te vecnu pa gu'o cnino gi kargu karce — I'm going to buy an expensive car if and only if it is new.
gu'u [forethought conjunction for tanru] — whether or not
- i ai mi te vecnu pa gu'u kargu gi cnino karce — I'm going to buy a new car whether or not it is expensive.
gubni — x1(entity) is public to community x2(entity)
- lo gubni — public. lo se gubni — community with something public.
- i le panka cu gubni lo prenu — The park is public and open to people.
- Related words: sivni
gugde — x1(entity) is the country of inhabitants x2(entity) with territory x3(entity)
- lo gugde — country. lo se gugde — citizen of a country. lo te gugde — territory of a country.
- i ti gugde lo cilce prenu lo na'e barda — This is a country of wild people covering not a big territory.
- Related words: turni, natmi, jecta, tumla, tutra, lanci
gumri — x1(entity) is a mushroom of species x2(taxon)
- lo gumri — mushroom.
- i ti noi gumri cu vindu lo remna — This mushroom is poisonous to humans.
- Related words: mledi
gundi — x1(entity) is industry producing x2(entity) by process or means x3(clause)
- lo gundi — industry. lo se gundi — product of an industry. lo te gundi — industrial process.
- i le gundi be lo taxfu be lo ka macnu se cupra cu carmi lo ka farvi — The industry of producing handmade dresses is intensely developing.
- i mi se cuntu lo gundi be lo zgike — I am involved in music industry.
- Related words: cupra, fanri, rutni, zbasu
gunka — x1(entity) works on x2(property of x1) with goal x3(clause, property of x1)
- lo gunka — worker. lo se gunka — work activity. lo te gunka — work goal.
- i mi gunka lo ka tadni la lojban vau lo ka sutra tavla bau la lojban — I'm working on learning Lojban in order to quickly talk in it.
- Comment: zukte need not be labor.
- Related words: sazri, gasnu, se jibri, briju, lazni, akti, selfu
gunma — x1(entity) is a joint mass, team of components that are x2(entity group)
- lo gunma — mass, aggregate. lo se gunma — component of a mass.
- i pa gunma be lo prenu ca'o sruri le dinju — The crowd of people is surrounding the building.
- Comment: x2 describes the whole set. For a particular member of a set use cmima.
- Related words: bende, girzu, pagbu, loi, lei, lai, ciste, cmima, kansa, joi
gunro — x1(entity) rolls on surface x2(entity) rotating on axis or axle x3(entity)
- i ba bo le verba co'a gunro pa salpo mo'i ni'a fi lo cutne be vo'a — And then the child started rolling down the slope rotating around his chest.
- i mi ca'o gunro lo vacri — I am spinning in the air.
- Related words: bolci, carna, jendu, slanu
gunse — x1(entity) is a goose of species x2(taxon)
- lo gunse — goose.
- i ju'i do ci gunse ca'o limna le lalxu — Hey, look, three geese are swimming in the lake.
- Related words: cipni
gunta — x1(entity) attacks x2(entity) with goal x3(property of x1)
- lo gunta — attacker. lo se gunta — attacked.
- i loi ratcu ca'o gunta le dinju lo ka cpacu lo gurni — Rats are attacking the building to get the grain.
- Related words: bradi, damba, darxi, jamna, jenca, jursa
gurni — x1(entity) is grain from plant x2(entity)
- lo gurni — grain.
- i mi vi ku ralte lo gurni be lo zumri — I keep here maize grain.
- Related words: bavmi, cunmi, mavji, maxri, molki, mraji, rismi, sobde, spati, zumri, nanba, sorgu
guska — x1(entity) erodes x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- lo guska — blade, scraper, erosive, abrasive.
- i mi pu guska lo skapi lo cidni be mi — I scraped the skin off my knees.
- Related words: balre, sraku, batci, canpa, mosra
gusni — x1(entity) is light falling down on x2(entity) from source x3(entity) ; x3 illuminates x2 with illumination x1
- lo gusni — light (illumination). lo se gusni — illuminated. lo te gusni — illuminator.
- i lo fagri pu te gusni le kevna lo xunre — The fire illuminated the cave with red light.
- Related words: dirce, manku, solri, carmi, ctino, kantu
gusta — x1(entity) is a restaurant serving food x2(entity) to x3(entity)
- lo gusta — restaurant.
- i banli gusta — Nice restaurant.
- i bu'u le xotli da gusta lo kukte lo vitke be le xotli — In the hotel there is a restaurant serving tasty food to guests of the hotel.
- Related words: selfu, barja, citka, kukte, sanmi, xotli
gutci — x1(entity) is x2(number) short distance units in standard x3(property of x1)
- i le jubme cu gutci li re lo ka mitre — The table is two meters in size.
- Comment: describes measurement of an object in one dimension. x3 desribes the scale that might not be metric. minli is used in the same way but for subjectively large objects.
- Related words: minli, clani, ganra, rotsu, condi, mitre, dekpu, merli, bunda, kramu
gutra — x1(entity) is the womb of x2(entity)
- lo gutra — womb.
- i lo gutra be lo mamta be mi pu se vimcu — My mother had uterus removed.
- Related words: jbena, rorci, sovda, tarbi, ganti, mabla
gy [pronoun] — g (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like gy is for the last lo grana used.
i — separates sentences
- i da vi fasnu i je lo nu da mo kau cu na klina — Something is happening here, and what it is isn't exactly clear.
i bu [pronoun] — i (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like i bu is for the last lo intele used.
i'a [interjection] — OK (acceptance), i'a nai — resistance
- i i'a mi ba denpa — Okay, I will wait.
- i i'a mi na certu — Well, I'm not an expert.
- i lo danfu i'a nai cu ei drata — No, the solution doesn't satisfy me, it should be different.
- Related words: mansa, fapro, fi'i
i'e [interjection] — Fine! (approval), i'e cu'i — non-approval, i'e nai — Boo! (disapproval)
- i i'e do pu gunka lo vajni — Very good! You did an important work.
- i i'e cu'i do pu tsuku ca le se tcika — Well, okay, you arrived on time.
- i i'e nai do jai lerci — Oy, you are late.
- Related words: zanru
i'i [interjection] — togetherness, comradeship, i'i nai — antagonistically
- i i'i do badri doi lo pendo — You are sad, I know that feeling, bro.
- i i'i nai mi zukte lo na me do moi — It's your problems, I'm not doing your work.
- Related words: kansa, gunma, sivni, sepli
i'o [interjection] — appreciation, i'o nai — envy
- i i'o do je'a pendo — Ah, you're a true friend.
- i i'o nai do ro roi se funca lo zabna — Mmm, you are always lucky.
- Related words: ckire, jilra
i'u [interjection] — familiarity, i'u nai — unfamiliarity, mystery
- i coi i'u — Greetings, old friend.
- i i'u ti noi plise so'i mei cu kukte — Yes, these apples are sweet.
- i ti i'u nai xotli — It's some hotel.
- Related words: slabu
ia [interjection] — belief, ia cu'i — allegedly (skepticism), ia nai — Pshaw! (disbelief)
- i ia drani — I believe that's correct.
- i mi viska pa ponse be ia pa blanu zdani — I see an owner of what I believe to be a blue house.
- i ia cu'i le prenu cu catra — Allegedly, he is the murderer.
- i ia nai le prenu cu stace mi — I don't believe, he is frank with me.
- Related words: krici, jinvi
ie [interjection] — Yeah! Aye! (agreement), ie nai — disagreement
- i ie la kevin ka'e pu zvati ti — Yes, Alice could be here.
- i le danlu cu morsi ie nai — No, I don't agree that the animal is dead.
- Related words: tugni
ii [interjection] — Eek! Yikes! (fear), ii nai — safeness
- i ii da klama — Eek, there is someone coming!
- i ii nai le djacu na ba kuspe mi'o — The water won't reach us.
- Related words: terpa, snura
influ'enza — x1(entity) is an influenza, grippe, flu
- lo influ'enza — influenza, grippe, flu.
- i mi bilma fi lo influ'enza — I've got the flu.
- Related words: bilma
info — x1(proposition) is information about x2(proposition) gathered by method x3(clause)
- lo info — information. lo te info — method of gathering information.
- i lo info be lo nu vofli cu vajni mi — The information about flights is important to me.
- i lo ka zukte lo zekri cu info le nanmu lo ka zgana lo se zukte be ce'u — That he is a criminal is the information about the man collected by monitoring his actions.
- Related words: datni, vreji, kucli, djuno
insekto — x1(entity) is an insect of species x2(taxon)
- lo insekto — insect.
- i mi se cinri lo ka tadni lo insekto — I am interested in studying insects.
- Related words: cinki, civla, danlu, blato, ankabuta, manti, sfani, toldi, bifce
intele — x1(property of x2) is an intellect of bearer x2(entity)
- lo intele — intellect.
- i lo ka facki le du'u ma kau drani cu intele lo panzi be mi — The ability to determine who is right is the sign of high intellect of my child.
- Comment: the realized capacity of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive capacity.
- Related words: menli, besna, morji, mucti, pensi, sanji, xanri, sevzi, xadni
io [interjection] — respect, io nai — disrespect
- i ko io jersi mi — This way, Sir!
- i ko io nai ti klama — Get your asses over here!
- Related words: sinma
irci — x1(entity) is an IRC user, chats in IRC on channel x2(entity) in network x3(entity)
- lo irci — IRC user.
- i la tom cu irci la'o .net.#lojban.net. la'o gy.freenode.gy — Tom chats in IRC channel #lojban of freenode network.
- Related words: jikca, kibro
iu [interjection] — Aww! Mm! (love), iu nai — hatred
- i da'i mi stali iu — I'd love to stay.
- i do iu nai na pu sidju mi — You didn't help me, hate you!
- i cakla iu nai — I hate chocolate.
- Related words: prami
ja [conjunction] — and/or
- i ba'a le tanxe cu barda ja tilju — I expect the box to be big or heavy (at least one of the two characteristics).
- Comment: means at least one of the two (of constructs connected using ja).
ja'a [preposition of truth/falsehood] — It is true that ...
- i mi ja'a jimpe — I do understand.
ja'a [2nd meaning] — left affirmer in conjunctions
- i la alis pu ku sinma ja'a gi'e nai sidju vau mi — Alice did respect me but didn't help me.
ja'ai [1st meaning: interjection] — affirms attitude. Used as a modifier of interjection
- i ui ja'ai — Yay indeed!
- Comment: affirmative/negation pairs are ja'ai/nai, ja'a/na, je'a/na'e, jo'a/na'i.
ja'ai [2nd meaning: right scalar particle] — affirms prepositions, pronouns, clauses, verb words
- i mi pu citka se pi'o ja'ai lo forca — I ate indeed using a fork.
ja'ai [3rd meaning] — placed after a connective affirms the part after that connective
- i mi djica na gi'e ja'ai bredi — I don't want but I'm ready.
ja'e [preposition from jalge] — resulting in ...
- i pu lerci i ja'e bo mi pu bilga lo ka volta — I was late. Therefore, I had to return.
- i mi pu tatpi i ja'e bo mi co'a sipna — I was so tired that I fell asleep.
ja'o [interjection] — I conclude
- i ja'o do merko — Then, you must be an American.
- i ja'o do na nelci lo birje — So, you don't like beer.
- Related words: nibli
jabre — x1(entity) brakes or slows activity x2(clause) with mechanism or principle x3(property of x1)
- i do jabre lo nu mi gunka vau lo ka ru'i tavla — You slow my work down by your constant talk.
- Related words: mosra
jadni — x1(entity) is a decoration of x2(entity)
- lo jadni — ornament, decoration (ornament). lo se jadni — adorned.
- i lo tarci cu jadni le tsani — Stars decorate the sky.
- Related words: jemna, dirba, batke
jai [1st meaning] — Splits a clause into "some noun + cu jai" and "fai lo ka+the rest of the clause"
- i lei ckiku cu jai nandu fai lo ka se zvafa'i i va'i lo nu zvafa'i lei ckiku cu nandu — The keys are hard to find. In other words, to find the keys is difficult.
- i lo bangu cu jai nandu i lo bangu cu jai nandu fai lo ka cilre fi ce'u — Languages are difficult. Languages are difficult in learning things about them.
- i ko cusku lo jai se djica be do — Say what you want.
- i do ro roi cusku lo jai nandu be fai lo ka jimpe fi ce'u — You always say something hard to understand.
- Comment: lei ckiku cu jai nandu - not keys themselves are hard but e.g. finding them is hard. lo bangu cu jai nandu - not languages themselves can be difficult but e.g. learning things related to them is difficult like in the example.
jai [2nd meaning] — Some noun + jai + some preposition take the first place of the main verb. The old first place can be expressed with the case marker fai
- i mi jai gau farvi fai pa proga i va'i pa proga gau mi farvi — I develop a program. In other words, with me as the agent a program develops.
jakne — x1(entity) is a rocket
- lo jakne — rocket.
- i le jakne ba klama fi le terdi fe le lunra — The rocket will go from the Earth to the Moon.
- Related words: cecla, danti, spoja
jalge — x1(clause) is the result or outcome of x2(clause)
- lo jalge — outcome of an event, result of an event.
- i le snuti pu se jalge lo nu le nakni pu na jundi — The accident happened because he hadn't been careful.
- i lo cizra pu jalge — There ensued something strange.
- Related words: se mukti, te zukte, se rinka, se krinu, se nibli, mulno, sumji, pilji, mekso, ja'e, ciksi
jalna — x1(entity) is some starch
- lo jalna — starch.
- i ta'i ma jukpa lo rismi se pi'o nai lo jalna — How to cook rice without starch?
- Related words: patlu, samcu
jamfu — x1(entity) is a foot of x2(entity)
- lo jamfu — foot.
- i lo jamfu be mi cu lenku — My feet are cold.
- Related words: jicmu, genja, zbepi, tuple, jubme, xance, tamji
jamna — x1(entity) wars against x2(entity) over territory or matter x3(proposition)
- lo te jamna — reason for a war.
- i la alis jo'u la meilis pu jamna zu'ai le du'u jdice le du'u ma kau traji lo ka melbi vau lo me vo'a — Alice and Mei Lee were at war with each other in deciding who was prettier among them.
- Comment: war (lo nu jamna) usually consists of battles (lo nu damba).
- Related words: bradi, gunta, panpi, damba, darlu
janbe — x1(entity) is a bell or chime producing sound x2(entity)
- lo janbe — bell. lo se janbe — sound of a bell.
- i mi pu tirna lo janbe be lo cladu — I heard a loud bell ringing.
- Related words: zgike, tonga, desku, slilu
janco — x1(entity) is a joint attaching limbs x2(entity group)
- lo janco — joint. lo se janco — limb with a joint.
- i lo anka cu janco lo tuple jo'u lo cutne — Ankle is a joint between chest and leg.
- Comment: lo tornozelo is ankle, lo anka is hip.
- Related words: birka, tornozelo, anka
janli — x1(entity) collides with or crashes into x2(entity)
- i bu'u le klaji mi co'i janli pa pendo be mi — I bumped into a friend of mine in the street.
- Related words: darxi
jansu — x1(entity) is a diplomat representing polity x2(entity) in negotiation/with function x3(property of x1)
- lo jansu — diplomat. lo te jansu — diplomatic negotiation.
- i mi jansu lo gugde pe mi lo ka du lo prenu poi jdice vau fau lo nu casnu lo nu lebna lo ctile — I represented my country in discussions on getting oil as a person that takes decisions.
- Comment: lo krati (representative) is a more broad term.
- Related words: jecta, krati
janta — x1(entity) is a bill, invoice for goods or service x2(property of x3) billed to x3(entity) by x4(entity)
- lo janta — bill, invoice, account (bill).
- i ti jatna lo grute lo kagni pe mi lo te vecnu pe lo drata gugde — This is a bill for the fruits issued to my company by customers from another country.
- Related words: jdima, vamji, vecnu, canja, jerna, dejni, jbera
jarbu — x1(entity) is a suburban area of x2(entity)
- lo jarbu — suburban area.
- i mi se zdani lo jarbu be la london — I live in the suburbs of London.
- Related words: nurma, se tcadu
jarco — x1(entity) demonstrates or shows x2(property of x1) to x3(entity)
- lo se jarco — demonstrated, manifested property.
- i fi mi'a fa la alis cu jarco lo ka stati — To us Alice appeared to be smart.
- i la kevin cu jarco lo ka gidva — Kevin acts as a guide.
- Related words: tigni, cipra, zgana, jvinu, lanli, mipri, simlu
jarki — x1(entity) is narrow in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo jarki — narrow.
- i le dargu cu jarki lo ka se pagbu ti — The road is narrow here.
- Comment: the second largest dimension. tordu, jarki and cinla specify the three dimensions of objects.
- Related words: caxno, cinla, tordu, tagji, cmalu
jaspu — x1(entity) is a passport issued to x2(entity) by x3(entity) allowing x4(property of x2)
- lo jaspu — passport, account (registry to a service), permit (document). lo se jaspu — something having a passport.
- i e'o lo jaspu be do — Your passport, please.
- i ti jaspu mi lo jecta lo ka klama la nipon — This is my passport issued by the state allowing me to go to Japan.
- Related words: pikta, catni, e'ande
jatna — x1(entity) is a commander or leader of x2(entity)
- lo jatna — commander, leader, captain, boss.
- i le jatna be lo kamni pe mi'o cu jinvi ma — What does the commander of our committee think?
- Related words: jitro, lidne, te bende, minde, ralju, gidva, bloti
jau [digit/number] — hex digit D (decimal 13), thirteen
- i e'u mi'o zu'ai penmi de'i li cy jau — Let's meet at 1pm.
javni — x1(property of x3) is a rule mandating x2(property of x3) in x3(entity)
- lo javni — rule. lo se javni — prescribed by a rule. lo te javni — people to whom the rule is applied.
- i mi te javni lo ka co'u tavla gi'e co'a jundi — I should stop talking and start listening in order to learn.
- i e'u zukte lo javni be lo ka di'i retsku — I suggest you follow the rule or regularly asking questions.
- i ma javni lo nu pilno — What are the terms of usage?
- Related words: flalu, ritli, marde, tcaci, tinbe, zekri
jbama — x1(entity) is a bomb with explosive x2(entity)
- lo jbama — bomb. lo se jbama — explosive of a bomb.
- i lo jbama be lo djacu cu se pilno mi'a lo ka jai gau sisti lo nu fagri — Water bombs are used by us to stop fire.
- Related words: cecla, spoja
jbari — x1(entity) is a berry of plant x2(entity)
- lo jbari — berry.
- i mi pu citka so'o jbari be lo fragari — I ate several strawberries.
- Related words: grute, tsiju, narge
jbena — x1(entity) is born to x2(entity)
- lo jbena — born. lo se jbena — birth giver.
- i le speni be mi mo'u se jbena pa tixnu — My wife gave birth to a daughter.
- Related words: fange, gutra, rorci, mamta, salci, citsi
jbera — x1(entity) borrows x2(entity) from x3(entity) for time x4(clause)
- lo se jbera — borrowed.
- i e'a pei mi jbera lo vi penbi do — May I borrow this pen from you?
- i mi ba te jbera pa karce do — I will lend you a car.
- Related words: dejni, janta, zivle
jbini — x1(entity) is between x2(group of same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo jbini — something between.
- i la alis cu jbini li re no jo'u li ci no lo ka jai nanca — Alice is between 20 and 30 years old.
- Related words: se vasru, nenri, zvati, cpana, snuji, senta, bitmu, jimte, kuspe, jibni, lamji, sruri, vanbi, midju, cmima, setca
jbopre — x1(entity) is a Lojbanist
- lo jbopre — Lojbanist.
- i ju'i lo jbopre do se zdani ma — Hey, Lojbanist! Where do you live?
- Related words: lojbo, prenu
jdari — x1(entity) is firm or resistant to force x2(clause)
- lo jdari — firm.
- i lo cilmo mudri cu jdari lo ka jelca — Wet wood is resistant to burning.
- Related words: nandu, ralci, fapro, ranti, tinsa, toltinsa, sligu, stodi
jdice — x1(entity) makes a judgement, decides that x2(proposition) is true about x3(entity)
- i mi mo'u jdice le du'u sarcu fa lo nu mi'a stali — I decided that we need to stay.
- i xu do jdice lo ka jai se kufra vau lo zdani be do — Have you decided that your home is comfortable?
- i mi'a zanru lo se jdice be le kamni — We welcome the decision of the committee.
- Comment: pajni is for judging matters, jdice is for actual decisions, cuxna is for deciding (choosing) on something out of options.
- Related words: pajni, cuxna, manri
jdika — x1(entity) decreases in x2(property of x1) by amount x3(entity)
- lo jdika — decreasing.
- i lo prenu pu jdika lo ka gunma vau lo ci mei — People decreased in number by three persons.
- Related words: zenba, mleca, vimcu
jdima — x1(property of x3) is the price of x2(property of x3) to x3(entity) set by x4(entity)
- lo jdima — price. lo se jdima — something having a price. lo ve jdima — price-maker.
- i ma jdima ti fo do — What is your price for this?
- i lo rupnu be li ci cu jdima lo ka sazri lo se kelci karce vau lo verba lo ponse be lo karce — Three dollars is the price of riding a toy car for children set by the owner of the car.
- Comment: lo vamji is value, lo ve vecnu is for cost.
- Related words: canja, friti, janta, jdini, kargu, pleji, dapma, vamji, ve vecnu, fepni, jerna, jinga, prali, rupnu, sfasa
jdini — x1(entity) is money issued by x2(entity)
- lo jdini — money.
- i xu ti du lo pe do jdini — Is this your money?
- i lo jdini be loi merko turni ba se pilno fi lo nu sidju lo pindi — Money issued by the American government will be used to help the poor.
- Related words: fepni, jdima, rupnu, sicni, canja
jduli — x1(entity) is some jelly of material x2(entity)
- lo jduli — jelly. lo se jduli — contents of a jelly.
- i lo jduli be lo vanjba se rai se nelci mi — I like grape jelly best.
- Related words: pesxu, litki, sligu
je [conjunction] — and
- i do pu je ca je ba pendo mi — You were, are and will be my friend.
je'a [left scalar particle] — indeed ... (affirms the position on the scale)
- i do je'a stati doi loi prenu — You are really smart, people.
- i lei grute cu se tasta lo je'a rigni — The fruits are indeed disgusting in taste.
je'ai [left scalar particle] — asks which particle fits the place where je'ai is put: je'a, na'e, no'e or to'e
- i lu do je'ai nelci lo gerku li'u lu to'e li'u — "You like/dislike dogs?" "I hate them."
je'e [vocative] — roger, I got your message; not at all, you are welcome (in reply to thanks), je'e nai — I didn't get your message
- i lu ki'e do li'u lu je'e do li'u — "Thank you!" "You are welcome!"
- Comment: fi'i is you are welcome for expressing hospitality.
je'i [conjunction] — question
- i do ba'o je'i pu'o citka — Have you eaten yet or are you only about to eat?
je'u [interjection] — truly, yes, je'u nai — no (false)
- i je'u do stati prenu — Truly, you are a smart person.
- i le purdi je'u nai cu se ponse lo za'u cizra prenu — This "garden" (which is in fact not a garden) is owed by some weird people.
- i xu do kansa mi'a i je'u nai — Are you with us? No.
- Related words: jetnu
jecta — x1(entity) is a polity or state governing x2(entity)
- lo jecta — polity, state.
- i lo nu se sazri za'u pa turni cu jecta lo vi tutra — Being controlled by more than one government is the political system of this area.
- Related words: gugde, tutra, turni, natmi, jansu, lanci, cecmu
jeftu — x1(clause) is x2(number) weeks long
- lo jeftu — week-long event.
- i mi'o ba volta ti za lo jeftu be li re — We'll return here in two weeks.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one week in duration
- Related words: detri, djedi, masti, nanca
jegvo — x1(entity) is Abrahamic (Judaic, or Christian, or Moslem) in x2(property of x1)
- lo jegvo — Judaic or Christian or Moslem.
- i xu do se lijda lo jegvo — Do you belong to an Abrahamic religion?
- Related words: lijda, muslo, dadjo, xriso
jelca — x1(entity) burns
- i le mudri cu jelca — The wood is burning.
- Comment: se fagri is preferable to jelca.
- Related words: fagri, kijno, sigja, livla, sacki
jemna — x1(entity) is a gem
- lo jemna — gem.
- i pa nixli pu zvafa'i pa rokci noi ba ku jai se facki fai lo ka jemna — A girl found a stone that later was turned out to be a gem.
- Related words: kunra, rokci, jadni, dirba, kargu, krili, pulji
jenca — x1(clause) shocks or stuns x2(entity)
- lo jenca — shocking event. lo se jenca — shocked.
- i lo ka ka'e tsuku lo drata gugde pu jenca le fetsi — It shocked her that she could get to another country.
- Related words: darxi, gunta, spaji
jendu — x1(entity) is an axle on which x2(entity) rotates
- lo jendu — axle.
- i le jendu be lo re xislu cu mudri — The axle of the two wheels is wooden.
- Related words: se carna, gunro, tutci
jenmi — x1(entity) is an army serving x2(entity) in doing x3(property of x1)
- lo jenmi — army.
- i ti jenmi lo vi gugde lo ka vimcu be lo fagri — This is an army of firefighters of this country.
- i le re ki'o sonci cu jenmi le pagbu be le gugde — The two thousand soldiers is an army of this part of the country.
- Related words: sonci, xarci
jerna — x1(entity) deserves, earns salary or payment x2(entity, property of x1) for work x3(property of x1)
- lo jerna — deserving. lo se jerna — deserved, salary.
- i do jerna lo ka se sinma vau lo ka carmi gunka — You are worth being respected for your hard work.
- i mi pu jerna lo rupnu be li pa no no lo ka lumci loi palta — I earned 100 dollars for washing the dishes.
- Comment: jerna doesn't imply that one is actually paid for the work. pleji is for actual paying.
- Related words: jibri, pleji, vecnu, cnemu, canja, jdima, jinga, prali, sfasa, janta, kargu, vamji
jersi — x1(entity) chases x2(entity)
- lo jersi — chaser. lo se jersi — chased.
- i loi gerku cu jersi pa lorxu — Dogs are in pursuit of a fox.
- i e'o do jersi mi — Please, follow me.
- Related words: kavbu, rivbi, kalte, lidne
jesni — x1(entity) is a needle
- lo jesni — needle.
- i gau mi tunta fa lo tamji be mi pa jesni — I pricked my thumb with a needle.
- Related words: konju, pijne, jipno, kinli
jetnu — x1(proposition) is true by standard x2(proposition)
- lo jetnu — true.
- i pa da poi prije prenu zo'u le du'u lo remna cu xendo cu jetnu lo se jinvi be da — According to one wise person, it's true that all humans are kind.
- i u'a la'e di'u se jetnu lo du'u mi drani — Aha, that proves that I am right.
- Related words: stace, jitfa, fatci, birti, cfika
jgalu — x1(entity) is a claw of x2(entity)
- lo jgalu — claw, nail, fingernail.
- i le cipni cu se jgalu lo kinli — The bird has sharp claws.
- Related words: denci, jirna, batci
jganu — x1(entity) is an angle from vertex x2(entity) subtended by lateral x3(entity)
- lo jganu — angle. lo se jganu — vertex of an angle. lo te jganu — lateral of an angle.
- i ti jganu me'o a bu lo mitre be li pi mu gi'e stero be li re — This is an angle from vertex A having the lateral of 0.5 meters and subtending two steradians.
- Related words: kojna, linji, konju, mokca
jgari — x1(entity) holds, clutches x2(entity)
- lo jgari — holder. lo se jgari — held.
- i le nakni mo'u co'a jgari lo stedu be la alis se pi'o lo xance be le nakni — He grasped Alice's head with his hand.
- Related words: ralte, pencu, darxi, batke, rinju
jgena — x1(entity) is a knot in x2(entity)
- lo jgena — knot. lo se jgena — something with a knot.
- i ti jgena so'i blanu skori jo'u pa xunre skori — This is a knot of many blue ropes and one red rope.
- Related words: pluja, julne, lasna, skori
jgina — x1(entity) is a gene of x2(entity) determining trait x3(property of x2)
- lo jgina — gene.
- i xo da jgina lo remna lo ka lo skapi be ce'u cu skari ma kau — How many genes in humans determine the color of skin?
- Related words: cerda
jgira — x1(entity) feels pride in x2(clause, property of x1)
- lo jgira — proud.
- i mi jgira lo nu do co'a kakne lo ka zgipli lo pipno — I am proud that you are now able to play the piano.
- Related words: cinmo, cumla, sevzi, sinma, snada
jgita — x1(entity) is a guitar or stringed musical instrument with plectrum or bow x2(entity)
- lo jgita — guitar, stringed musical instrument. lo se jgita — bow of a guitar, bow of a stringed musical instrument.
- i xu do kakne lo ka zgipli lo jgita be loi ze mei — Can you play a 7-stringed guitar?
- Related words: zgike
ji [conjunction] — asks for the connective (that should go into the place to which ji is put)
- i do djica tu'a lo ckafi ji lo tcati — Do you want tea or coffee (make a choice)?
- Related words: a, e, ji, o, u
ji'a [interjection] — additionally, too
- i mi ji'a je'a nelci — I like it too.
- i lo xagji cribe cu citka lo insekto ku ji'a sai — A hungry bear will eat even insects.
- Comment: ji'a means 'additionally', si'a means 'similarly' implying that there is another salient difference.
- Related words: jmina
ji'e [preposition from jimte] — up to limit ..., to the degree of ..., adverb: limitedly
- i mi tsali ji'e lo nu mi ka'e lafti lo pipno — I'm strong to the degree that I can lift the piano.
- i la kevin cu ricfu ji'e lo nu ri ponse so'i dinju — Kevin is so rich that he owns several houses.
ji'i [digit/number] — approximately ... (number follows; by default the typical value in this context)
- i ji'i pa no tadni ca zvati le kumfa — About 10 students are in the room.
jibni — x1(entity) is near or close to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo jibni — near.
- i zo xagri zo tabra cu jibni lo ka se smuni — The terms "pipe instrument" and "horn" are close in their meanings.
- Comment: See notes for simsa.
- Related words: simsa, darno, nenri, vanbi, jbini, lamji, zvati, cpana, bartu, diklo, stuzi
jibri — x1(property of x2) is a job of person x2(entity)
- lo jibri — job. lo se jibri — employed, in a job.
- i mi se jibri lo ka vecnu lo grute — I have a job as a fruit seller.
- i xu do se jibri lo ka sampla — Do you have the job of a programmer?
- Comment: lo te jerna is work that is worth paying, lo ve pleji is work actually paid.
- Related words: briju, gunka
jicla — x1(entity) stirs fluid x2(entity)
- i ko jicla le tcati — Stir the tea.
- i ko jicla le stasu co'u lo nu ri febvi — Stir the soup until it boils.
- Related words: fanza, tunta, mixre
jicmu — x1(proposition) is the fundamental principle, basis of x2(entity)
- lo jicmu — basis, fundamental principle.
- i lo logji cu jicmu la lojban — Logic is the foundation of Lojban.
- i lo tcica cu jicmu ro nu jamna — Trickery is the basic of every war.
- i lo nu zgana gi'e lanli cu jicmu ro saske — Monitoring and analysis is the foundation of every science.
- Related words: jamfu, zbepi, genja, krasi
jijnu — x1(entity) intuitively knows x2(proposition)
- lo se jijnu — intuitively known.
- i mi pu jijnu le du'u le fetsi cu smusku lo jitfa — I knew intuitively that she was lying.
- Related words: djuno, facki, jimpe, jinvi, nabmi, pensi, sidbo, smadi
jikca — x1(entity) socializes, interacts socially with x2(entity)
- i ra jikca lo so'i prenu gi'e di'i gasnu lo te salci — He is a sociable person interacting with many people and regularly organizing parties.
- Related words: tarti, penmi
jikni — x1(entity) is the economic market, system of political body or sector x2(entity)
- lo jikni — economic system.
- i lo nu frili vecnu cu jikni lo vi tutra — Free market is the economy of this region.
- Related words: vecnu, cupra, canja, jecta
jikru — x1(entity) is some liquor distilled from x2(entity)
- lo jikru — strong alcoholic drink, liquor, spirits.
- i mi pu pinxe lo jikru be lo mraji — I drank an alcoholic drink distilled from rye.
- Related words: barja, vanju, birje, xalka
jilka — x1(entity) is a quantity of alkali of metal x2
- lo jilka — alkali.
- i mi pu lumci lo palta se pi'o lo jilka be lo sodna — I washed dishes using soda.
- Related words: sodna, bakri, sodva
jilra — x1(entity) is envious or jealous of x2(entity) about x3(property of x2)
- lo jilra — envious, jealous.
- i mi pu jilra lo bruna be mi lo se frili poi tai ke'a tavla fa ce'u bau la lojban — I envied the ease at which my brother talked in Lojban.
- Related words: cinmo
jimca — x1(entity) is a branch of x2(entity)
- lo jimca — branch.
- i lo jimca be lo za'u vi tricu cu snime blabi — Branches of these trees are snow white.
- Related words: birka, rebla, tuple
jimpe — x1(entity) understands x2(proposition) about x3(entity)
- i mi na jimpe zo'ei do — I don't understand you.
- i mi na jimpe lo smuni be lo se cusku be do — I don't understand the meaning of said by you.
- Related words: djuno, jijnu, morna, smuni, saske, viska
jimte — x1(entity) is a limit or border of x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2, has two places for ce'u)
- lo jimte — limit. lo se jimte — something with a limit.
- i ti noi mokca cu jimte mi lo ka se tsuku — This point is the limit that I can reach.
- Related words: ji'e, traji, korbi, kuspe, rinju, bapli, e'ande, fanta, jbini
jinci — x1(entity) are shears or scissors for cutting x2(entity)
- lo jinci — scissors.
- i ti jinci lo pelji — These are scissors for cutting paper.
- Related words: katna
jinga — x1(entity) wins prize x2(entity, property of x1) from competitors x3(entity) in competition x4(clause)
- lo jinga — winner. lo se jinga — prize won.
- i la alis pu jinga lo ralju lo drata nixli pa nu vi'i ve'u bajra — Alice won the main prize gaining the victory over other girls in a long distant race.
- Related words: cirko, jivna, talsa, cnemu, prali, pleji, sfasa, jdima, jerna, bradi, kargu, kelci
jinku — x1(entity) is a vaccine protecting x2(entity) against x3(property of x2) introduced by method x4(property of x1)
- lo jinku — vaccine. lo se jinku — vaccinated. lo te jinku — disease prevented by vaccine. lo ve jinku — method of vaccination.
- i ti jinku lo remna tu'a lo vidru lo ka se setca fi lo ciblu — This a vaccine for human use, it protects against viruses and is to be injected into the blood.
- Related words: jinku, jurme, kanro, mikce, senci, kafke, jesni, bilma
jinme — x1(entity) is a quantity of metal
- lo jinme — metal.
- i ti noi grana cu jinme — This rod is metallic.
- i lo slami cu daspo lo jinme — Acid destroys metal.
- Related words: cnisa, gasta, lastu, margu, nikle, ransu, romge, sodna, tinci, tirse, tunka, zinki, kunra, sodva
jinru — x1(entity) is immersed or submerged in liquid x2(entity)
- lo jinru — immersed.
- i le ba'o tricu pu jinru lo djacu — The stump was immersed in the water.
- Related words: lumci, nenri, jinsa
jinsa — x1(entity) is clean of material x2(entity)
- lo jinsa — clean.
- i mi pu jai gau jinsa fai le jubme loi palta — I cleared the table of dishes.
- Related words: lumci, jinru, curve, sepli
jinto — x1(entity) is a well or spring of fluid x2(entity)
- lo jinto — well (of fluid), spring (of fluid). lo se jinto — fluid of a well, spring water.
- i ti jinto lo jinsa djacu — This is a spring of clean water.
- Related words: krasi, djacu, fenra
jinvi — x1(entity) has an opinion that x2(proposition) is true about x3(entity) on grounds x4(proposition)
- lo jinvi — having an opinion. lo se jinvi — opinion.
- i mi pu darsi lo ka tugni ra pa se jinvi be ra — I dared to support his opinion.
- i mi jinvi lo ka na jinga vau la alis le du'u ri tatpi — I think Alice won't win since she is tired.
- Comment: for thinking (musing upon something) use pensi.
- Related words: pe'i, djuno, krici, ciksi, jijnu, nabmi, pensi, senpi, sidbo, birti, pinka
jinzi — x1(property of x2) is an innate or natural property of x2(entity)
- lo jinzi — intrinsic, innate, character (property), nature (property).
- i le fetsi cu se jinzi lo ka certu lo ka zgipli — She has a natural talent for playing the music.
- i do se jinzi lo ka badri — You are a boring person.
- Related words: lakne, rarna, stati, ka'e, tcaci
jipci — x1(entity) is a chicken of species x2(taxon)
- lo jipci — chicken.
- i lo jipci cu nelci lo tsiju — Chickens like seeds.
- Related words: cipni
jipno — x1(entity) is a tip or point on object x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo jipno — tip.
- i mi pu pencu le plise se pi'o lo jipno be lo mi tance — I touched the apple with the tip of my tongue.
- i lo jipno be lo nazbi be mi mo'u dunja — The tip of my nose is frozen.
- Related words: mokca, jesni, fanmo, kojna, krasi
jirna — x1(entity) is a horn of body x2(entity)
- lo jirna — horn.
- i le mirli cu se jirna lo clani — The deer has long horns.
- Related words: jgalu, bongu
jisra — x1(entity) is some juice from x2(entity)
- lo jisra — juice.
- i bu'u ma te vecnu lo jisra be lo grute — Where can one buy fruit juice?
- Related words: pinxe, djacu, grute, stagi
jitfa — x1(proposition) is false by standard or epistemology x2(proposition)
- lo jitfa — false.
- i le du'u le nanla cu se slabu la alis cu jitfa le du'u le nanla cu kucli lo nu la alis cu mo kau — It's false that the boy is familiar with Alice since he is wondering who she is.
- Related words: fatci, stace, jetnu, cfika
jitro — x1(entity) has control over x2(entity) in activity x3(property of x2)
- lo jitro — in control. lo se jitro — under control.
- i lo jatna be mi cu jitro mi lo ka gunka ti — My boss controls me in working on this.
- i loi pulji cu jitro lo sruri — The police controls the surroundings.
- Comment: gidva - does not necessarily control or command.
- Related words: bapli, te bende, gidva, jatna, macnu, minde, ponse, ralju, rinka, sazri, turni, vlipa, xance, xlura
jivbu — x1(entity) weaves x2(entity) from material x3(entity)
- lo te jivbu — yarn for weaving.
- i lo ankabuta cu jivbu lo julne lo se cigla be fi vo'a — Spiders weave nets from secrets of their glands.
- Related words: fenso, nivji
jivna — x1(entity) competes with competitors x2(entity) in contest x3(clause) for the reward x4(entity)
- lo jivna — competitor. lo se jivna — opponent in a competition. lo te jivna — competition. lo ve jivna — prize in a competition.
- i la alis pu jivna lo drata nixli pa nu vi'i ve'u bajra vau lo ka cpacu lo jdini — Alice competed with other girls in a long distance race with a monetary prize for the winner.
- Related words: cnemu, jinga, talsa, bradi, fapro, kelci
jmaji — x1(entity group) gather at location x2(entity) from locations x3(entity group)
- lo jmaji — gatherers. lo se jmaji — location of gathering.
- i lo jbopre pu jmaji pa dinju lo vrici gugde — Lojbanists from various countries gathered in a house.
- Related words: crepu
jmifa — x1(entity) is a shoal or reef
- lo jmifa — shoal.
- i pu zdile fa lo ka limna ne'a loi jmifa — It was amusing to swim near the reefs.
- Related words: caxno
jmina — x1(entity) combines or adds x2(entity, property of x3) to x3(entity) with result x4(entity, property of x3)
- i le sfofa cu jmina lo ka se kufra vau le kumfa — The sofa adds comfort to the room.
- i mi ba jmina lo so'o crino spati le nanba lo pa snuji — I will add some greenery to bread getting a sandwich.
- Related words: zmadu, banro, sumji, zenba, setca
jmive — x1(entity) is alive in that it does x2(property of x1)
- lo jmive — alive, living being.
- i le danlu cu jmive lo ka ruble muvdu — The animal is alive since it is weakly moving.
- Related words: lifri, morsi, stuzi, zvati, xabju
jo [conjunction] — both or none
- i ai mi te vecnu lo karce poi kargu jo cnino — I'm going to buy an expensive car if and only if it is new (or not to buy any cars if they don't satisfy this condition).
jo nai [conjunction] — either ... or ...
- i mi tavla i jo nai do tavla — Either I talk or you talk.
jo'a [interjection] — the clause can make sense in meaning (metalinguistic affirmer)
- i lu xu le prenu noi sanli ne'a tu noi dinju cu ninmu li'u lu jo'a i mi na djuno li'u — "Is the person standing near that building a woman?" "Good question! I don't know! (there is a person standing near the building, the question of whether it's a woman is applicable)."
- Comment: na'i is metalinguistic negation.
- Related words: drani
jo'e [conjunction] — forms union of sets
- i e'o doi io lo ninmu jo'e lo ctuca ko cliva le kumfa — Respected women and teachers, please, leave the room.
jo'u [conjunction] — in common with ..., along with ...
- i do jo'u mi casnu lo za'u bangu — You together with me discussed languages (not necessarily with each other but just taken as a single entity).
joi [conjunction] — mixed together with ..., forming a mass ... (forms mixed mass)
- i ti du lo sovda joi lo purmo — This is a mass of eggs and flour.
jorne — x1(entity) is joined to x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo jorne — tightened, connected, tied, joined, fastened.
- i la alis cu jorne pa stizu pa skori — Alice is tied to a chair with a rope.
- i ko jorne la'e me'o so pa pa — Call 911!
- i mi ba jorne do ba lo nu mi cliva lo ckule — I will call you after I leave the school.
- Comment: x1 and x2 form a union.
- Related words: lasna, fenso, kansa, pencu, penmi
ju [conjunction] — whether or not
- i ei zukte i ju le nanmu cu klama — Let's do it whether or not he comes.
ju'a [interjection] — I state (non-specified source of information)
- i la alis cu jinvi lo du'u ju'a le nakni cu fenki — Alice has an opinion that the man is crazy, and it is so, I say.
- Comment: ju'a is always assumed to be present in the main clause. Inner clauses within places are not stated with ju'a unless explicitly specified..
- Related words: xusra
ju'e [conjunction] — forms two independent sentences
- i mi ju'e do casnu lo za'u bangu — I discussed languages. You discussed languages.
- Comment: mi ju'e do klama means the same as mi klama .i do klama.
ju'i [vocative] — Hey! Psst! Ahem! Attention!, ju'i cu'i — At ease!, ju'i nai — Ignore me! Nevermind!
- i ju'i lo nixli ma cmene do — Hey, girl, what is your name?
- i ju'i cu'i sonci — At ease, soldiers.
- i mi co'a si'u nai jimpe ju'i nai — I understood myself, never mind.
ju'o [interjection] — I'm sure (certainty), ju'o cu'i — maybe, perhaps (uncertainty), ju'o nai — I have no idea! (lack of certainty)
- i ju'o do pu pensi da — You must have thought of something.
- i ju'o cu'i le nakni cu zukte xau le fetsi — Maybe, he is doing it for her, I'm not sure.
- i ju'o nai xu lo tai valsi cu se pilno — Are such words used? I have no idea!
- Related words: birti, cumki
jubme — x1(entity) is a table
- lo jubme — table.
- i xu da kunti jubme — Is there a free table?
- Related words: ckana, jamfu, nilce, zbepi, tsina, stizu
judri — x1(entity) is an address of x2(entity) in system x3(entity)
- lo judri — address. lo te judri — address system.
- i ma judri do lo tcadu — What is your city address?
- i ma judri do lo kibro ve mrilu — What is your e-mail address?
- Related words: tcita, cmene, ciste, stuzi
jufra — x1(text) is a sentence or statement about x2(entity) in language x3(entity)
- lo jufra — sentence. lo se jufra — topic of a sentence. lo te jufra — language of a sentence.
- i lu i lo mlatu cu pinxe li'u jufra lo danlu la lojban — i lo mlatu cu pinxe is a sentence about animals in Lojban language.
- Related words: valsi, bangu, gerna, cusku, smuni
jukpa — x1(entity) cooks or prepares food x2(entity) by recipe x3(property of x1)
- lo jukpa — cook. lo se jukpa — cooked food. lo te jukpa — recipe for cooking.
- i le mamta pu jukpa pa torta lo ka punji pa pu'o torta lo toknu — Mother cooked a cake by putting a raw "cake" in the oven.
- Comment: x2 is the result of cooking, the product ready to use.
- Related words: cupra, bredi
julne — x1(entity) is a filter passing x2(entity) and prohibiting x3(entity)
- lo julne — filter.
- i ti julne fi lo finpe — This is a fishing net.
- i tu julne lo djacu lo rismi — That is a colander that lets the water pass and retains rice.
- Related words: kombitu, ciste, jgena
jundi — x1(entity) pays attention to x2(entity)
- lo jundi — attentive. lo se jundi — object of attention.
- i mi pu jundi lo nu ra pu cusku ma kau — I was attentive at was he was saying.
- Related words: kurji, zvati
jungo — x1(entity) is Chinese in x2(property of x1)
- lo jungo — Chinese.
- i le fetsi cu jungo lo ka tcila be lo flira be ce'u — The girl is Chinese in her face features.
- Related words: xazdo
junla — x1(entity) is a timer, clock measuring time units x2(entity)
- lo junla — clock, timer, watch (timer). lo se junla — unit of time.
- i ti junla lo snidu be li pi mu — This clock measures seconds to the precision of 0.5 seconds.
- Comment: x2 can be show the precision to which time units are measured.
- Related words: cacra, mentu, snidu, tcika, temci
junpero — x1(entity) is a juniper (genus Juniperus) of species x2(taxon)
- i mi pu jmina so'o jimca be lo junpero lo fagri — I added some juniper twigs to the fire.
- Comment: Some junipers are commonly called "cedars".
- Related words: spati, tricu, ckunu
junri — x1(entity) is earnest about x2(property of x1)
- lo junri — someone serious, earnest.
- i xu do junri lo ka te mukti lo ka cliva lo bu'u gugde — Are you serious in your intent to leave this country?
- Related words: tilju, xalbo, badri, ritli
junta — x1(entity) is the weight of x2(entity group) in field x3
- lo junta — weight.
- i lo gunka pe lo kensa cu se junta lo ki'ogra be li pa no no le terdi — The space worker weights 100 kilograms in the gravity of the Earth.
- Related words: grake, linto, tilju, bunda
jurme — x1(entity) is a bacteria or germ of species x2(taxon)
- lo jurme — bacteria.
- i le lanli pu pilno lo jurme lo cipra — The researcher used bacteria for tests.
- Related words: vidru
jursa — x1(property of x2) is harsh or severe to x2(entity)
- lo jursa — harsh event.
- i lo ka jivna pu jursa mi — Competition was fierce for me.
- Related words: gunta, vlile
jutsi — x1(entity) is a taxon of super-taxon x2(entity) ; x1 is a species of genus x2, family x3, etc.
- lo jutsi — taxon, species.
- i mi zgana lo cinki poi jutsi ro da — I watch insects of all kinds.
- Comment: this verb potentially has infinite number of places.
- Related words: klesi, lanzu
juxre — x1(entity) is clumsy in doing x2(property of x1)
- lo juxre — clumsy.
- i mi pu ca'o juxre lo ka muvdu — I was getting clumsy in my movements.
- i le fonxa pu juxre lo ka se pilno — The phone was clumsy to use.
- Related words: sluji, muvdu
jvinu — x1(entity) is a view of x2(entity) from viewpoint x3(entity)
- lo jvinu — view. lo te jvinu — viewpoint.
- i lo jvinu be lo xamsi bei lo kumfa pe mi cu banli — I have a great view of the sea from my room.
- Related words: catlu, kanla, viska, canko, jarco
jy [pronoun] — j (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like jy is for the last lo jorne used.
ka [clause prefix] — turn clause into infinitive
- i mi djica lo ka sipna — I want to sleep.
- i la alis cu nitcu lo ka te dunda lo birje — Alice needs to be given beer.
- i ta'i ku do ba cirko lo ka sinma ce'u — This way you will lose respect.
- i lo ka pendo ku po'o cu tadji lo ka se pendo — The only way to have a friend is to be a friend.
- Comment: x1 (property) is the property of the clause that follows. Has at least one ce'u inside being applied to a noun of the outer clause. ka without a ce'u inside is the same as ka ce'u. Used to express infinitives.
ka bu — refers to the last ka-clause used
- i mi je'a djica lo ka tadni i ku'i ka bu nandu mi — I do want to study. But it's difficult to me.
ka'ai [preposition from kansa] — with ..., with a companion ...
- i mi cadzu ka'ai lo gerku — I walk with a dog.
ka'e [preposition of potential] — possibly can ...
- i ro da ka'e te tavla — Everything can be talked about.
- Comment: not necessarily innately capable, might describe what can potentially happen to the thing described.
ka'o [digit/number] — imaginary i, square root of -1
- i li te'o te'a vei ka'o pi'i pai ve'o su'i pa du li no — e(i × π) +1 = 0.
ka'u [interjection] — I know by cultural means (myth, custom)
- i ka'u so'a prenu cu xebni da — We know that most people hate something.
- Related words: kulnu
kabri — x1(entity) is a cup or mug containing x2(entity)
- lo kabri — cup. lo se kabri — content of a cup.
- i e'o do te cpacu lo pa kabri be lo ckafi mi — Please, give me a cup of coffee.
- Comment: lo kabri is the state of a cup being filled (or not filled) with something whereas lo palta is just a dish without specifying its contents. Also lo kabri is normally lifted when eaten from it, lo palta is not.
- Related words: palta, citka, blaci, tansi
kacma — x1(entity) is a camera recording images of illumination type x2(entity) to medium x3(entity)
- lo kacma — camera.
- i ti kacma le tcadu pa datni centero — This is a camera recording images of the city to a data center.
- Related words: lenjo
kafke — x1(entity) coughs, farts, burps x2(entity) from orifice x3(entity)
- i ra pu kafke lo barda lo ganxo — He made a big fart.
- Related words: bilma, senci, sputu, vamtu
kagni — x1(entity) is a company, corporation chartered by authority x2(entity) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo kagni — company, corporation, business (company). lo te kagni — business (commercial activity).
- i pa kagni be lo jbopre bei lo nu kakpa lo ctile pu zvafa'i lo ctile lo loldi be lo xamsi — The Lojbanists' chartered oil drilling company discovered oil at the bed of the sea.
- Related words: kansa, kamni, banxa, bende
kai [preposition from ckaji] — characterizing ..., with ... having this property
- i zildukse kai lo kilto be lo grake — One kilogram was too much.
- Comment: in the clause where kai is used the first unfilled place is applied to the noun that kai tags, the clause itself is the property characterizing the noun after kai; subject case tag.
kajde — x1(entity) warns x2(entity) of danger x3(clause)
- i loi rirni pu kajde mi'a lo ba vlile tcima — Parents warned us about heavy weather.
- Related words: ckape, nupre, snura, tcica, xlura
kajna — x1(entity) is a shelf or counter on x2(entity)
- lo kajna — shelf.
- i mi pu punji le pelji le kajna be lo fagri stuzi — I put the paper on the mantel.
- Related words: balni
kakne — x1(entity) is capable of doing x2(property of x1)
- lo kakne — capable, able.
- i mi na kakne lo ka sipna — I can't sleep.
- i lo mamta be mi ku po'o cu kakne lo ka jai bapli lo nu mi cliva — Only my mother has power to make me leave.
- Comment: for e.g. "I can't wait" ka'e is more appropriate. kakne is about ability. vlipa is to be powerful enough to bring about events in other entities.
- Related words: vlipa, stati, certu, gasnu, ka'e, nu'o, pu'i, djuno, zifre
kakpa — x1(entity) digs x2(entity) out of x3(entity)
- lo kakpa — digger.
- i la tom pu jai se bapli fai lo ka kakpa pa karce pe vo'a lo snime — Tom had to dig his car out of the snow.
- Related words: katna, plixa, sraku, canpa, sraku
kalci — x1(entity) is excrement or feces of x2(entity)
- lo kalci — excrement.
- i lo kalci be lo bakni cu jai rinka lo nu lo dertu cu ferti — Cow dung makes soil fertile.
- Related words: ganxo, pinca, vikmi, mabla, festi
kalri — x1(entity) is open, giving access to place x2(entity) for object x3(entity)
- lo kalri — open.
- i le canko cu kalri lo nenri lo vifne vacri — The window is open letting the fresh air in.
- i gau ko kalri fa le canko — Open the window.
- i ko jai gau kalri fai le canko — Open the window.
- Related words: ganlo, pagre, canko, vorme
kalsa — x1(entity) is a chaos, chaotic in x2(property of x1)
- lo kalsa — chaos, chaotic.
- i lo kumfa pe mi cu kalsa lo ka bu'u ce'u lo bukpu pe mi cu zvati ma kau — My room is a mess (in where are my clothes).
- Related words: cunso, cnici
kalte — x1(entity) hunts prey x2(entity) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo kalte — hunter. lo se kalte — prey.
- i lei certu pu kalte lo finpe lo ka lanli ri — The researches were hunting fishes to study them.
- Related words: jersi, kavbu, sisku, rivbi
kamju — x1(entity) is a column
- lo kamju — pillar.
- i le pa kamju cu sarji lo korbi be le drudi — The column supports the edge of the roof.
- Related words: ckana, garna, sanli, slanu
kamni — x1(entity) is a committee with task x2(property of x1)
- lo kamni — committee. lo se kamni — purpose of a committee.
- i le kamni be lo ka jai gau farvi le bangu cu gunma za'u pa no prenu — There are more than 10 members in the committee for developing the language.
- Related words: bende, kagni
kampu — x1(property of x2) is universal among x2(entity)
- lo kampu — common, general, universal. lo se kampu — group with something in common.
- i pa da zo'u lo ka dasni da cu kampu ro tadni — Wearing the same uniform is common for every student.
- Related words: fadni, cafne, rirci, fadni, cnano, tcaci, lakne, cmima, simxu
kanba — x1(entity) is a goat of species x2(taxon)
- lo kanba — goat.
- i le cirla cu se zbasu fi lo ladru be lo kanba — The cheese is made from goat's milk.
- Related words: lanme, sunla
kancu — x1(entity) counts the number in x2(entity) to be x3(number) by units x4(property of x2)
- i mi pu kancu le prenu li pa re lo ka re mei — I counted the people as 12 couples.
- Related words: namcu, satci, merli
kandi — x1(entity) is dim, non-intense in x2(property of x1) received by observer x3(entity)
- lo kandi — dim, non-intense.
- i fi mi fa le valsi cu kandi lo ka se smuni — To me the word is dim in meaning.
- Related words: blabi, carmi, klina, linto, manku, cermurse, vacmurse, ruble, skari, milxe, blanu, bunre, cicna, crino, grusi, narju, nukni, pelxu, xekri, xunre, zirpu
kanla — x1(entity) is an eye of x2(entity)
- lo kanla — eye.
- i la alis cu se kanla lo barda je melbi — Alice has big beautiful eyes.
- Related words: jvinu, kerlo, viska, kumte
kanpe — x1(entity) expects x2(clause) with likelihood x3(number: from 0 to 1, by default li so'a, i.e. near 1)
- i fi li so'u fa mi pu kanpe lo nu do clira volta — I didn't expect you to return early.
- i lo nu mi tsuku pu na se kanpe da — My arrival wasn't expected by anyone.
- Comment: expecting here may imply even undesirable events that are nevertheless expected to occur.
- Related words: djica, pacna, lakne, cunso, fau, da'i
kanro — x1(entity) is healthy or well in x2(property of x1)
- lo kanro — healthy.
- i mi kanro lo ka na cortu lo galxe — I'm healthy in that my throat doesn't ache.
- Related words: bilma, mikce
kansa — x1(entity) accompanies x2(entity) in state x3(clause)
- i le gerku pe mi fe'e ro roi kansa mi — My dog is everywhere with me.
- i ro roi pu pluka fa lo ka kansa do lo ka gunka — It was pleasant to work with you.
- Related words: kagni, jorne, gunma, girzu, lasna
kantu — x1(entity) is a quantum of x2(property of x1)
- lo kantu — quantum.
- i mi pu xaksu re kantu be lo cacra ta'i lo ka denpa tu'a do — I wasted two hours waiting for you.
- i ti du lo re kantu be lo makfa — Here are two pieces of magic.
- Comment: selci is for masses and most objects.
- Related words: selci, ratni, gradu, gusni, nejni, linji
karce — x1(entity) is a car, truck, van for carrying x2(entity)
- lo karce — car, truck, van. lo se karce — cargo of a car.
- i ti karce lo festi — It's a trash truck.
- i do te mukti lo ka te vecnu lo pa karce pe ma noi kagni — A car of what company are you going to buy?
- Comment: karce and carce are designed to be with wheels, marce isn't and is more generic.
- Related words: carce, xislu, marce, sabnu
karda — x1(entity) is a card
- lo karda — card.
- i xu ka'e pleji se pi'o lo dejni karda — Is it possible to pay with a credit card?
- Related words: matci, tapla, plita
kargu — x1(entity, property of x2) is expensive to x2(entity)
- lo kargu — expensive.
- i lo ka tai litru cu kargu mi se la'u li du'e — Such trip is too expensive to me.
- Related words: vamji, dirba, vajni, jdima, pleji, canja, jerna, jinga, jemna, sfasa, vecnu
karli — x1(entity) is a belt or collar surrounding x2(entity)
- lo karli — collar.
- i le fetsi pu punji pa karli lo sruri be lo cintura — She put a waist around her waist.
- Related words: sruri, djine
karni — x1(entity) is a newspaper, magazine with content x2(entity)
- lo karni — journal, newspaper, magazine, press (media). lo se karni — contents of a magazine.
- i mi tcidu pa karni be lo pu zi nuzba — I'm reading a magazine about recent news.
- Related words: papri, pelji, tcidu
katna — x1(entity) cuts x2(entity) into pieces x3(entity)
- i mi pu katna le nanba lo pa no mei — I cut the bread into 10 pieces.
- Comment: sraku is for cutting into without division.
- Related words: kakpa, sraku, plixa, dakfu, jinci, porpi, spofu, tunta, xrani, fatri, fendi, balre, dilcu
kau [interjection] — marks word as an indirect question
- i mi djuno lo du'u ma kau darxi ba'e la alis — I know who hit Alice (not someone else).
- i mi pu na birti lo nu xo kau prenu cu zvati — I wasn't sure how many people were present.
kavbu — x1(entity) captures x2(entity) with trap x3(entity)
- lo te kavbu — trap used for capture.
- i mi pu kavbu lo ka bilma fi la zukam vau lo ka cadzu bu'u lo bartu — I caught cold by walking outside.
- i le nanla pu kavbu le bolci pa xance — The boy caught the ball with one hand.
- Comment: kalte is to hunt, jersi is to follow, to chase.
- Related words: jersi, kalte, pinfu, sisku, se rinju
ke — starts a new group inside a construct
- i ko catlu lo barda ke se kanla melbi — Look at the big beauty-with-eyes.
- i ko catlu lo barda se kanla melbi — Look at the beauty with big eyes.
- i la alis e ke la kevin a la edvard ba vitke lo nu penmi — Alice and either Kevin or Eduard will visit the meeting.
- i la alis e la kevin a la edvard ba vitke lo nu penmi — Either Alice and Kevin or Eduard will visit the meeting.
- i au do jukpa lo nanba gi'e ke lumci le kumfa gi'o nai cadzu ka'ai le gerku — I wish you cooked the bread and either cleaned the room or walked with the dog.
- Related words: bo
ke'a [pronoun] — shows the head (noun) of the clause, to which this relative clause is attached
- i mi pu vitke pa dinju poi bu'u ke'a mi'a se zdani ze'a lo nanca be li so'o — I visited a house where we lived for several years.
ke'e [terminator] — ends a construct started with: ke
ke'o [vocative] — Eh? Please repeat!, ke'o nai — I heard you. No need to repeat
- i ke'o do mi pu na tirna — Eh? What did you say? I didn't hear.
- i ke'o nai do mi co'i te benji ro da — All right, no need to repeat, I got everything.
ke'u [interjection] — I repeat, as I already said, ke'u nai — furthermore, what is more (continuing)
- i ke'u mi na tugni do — I repeat, I don't agree with you.
- i ke'u nai mi se zdani na ku lo tcadu — Furthermore, I live not in a city.
- Related words: basna, krefu, rapli
kecti — x1(entity) feels sorry for x2(entity) about x3(proposition)
- i mi kecti do le nu do fliba lo ka jinga — I feel sorry for you that you failed to win.
- Related words: cinmo, xendo
kei [terminator] — ends a construct started with: nu
kelci — x1(entity) plays game x2(entity)
- lo kelci — player. lo se kelci — game (played).
- i xu do kelci la fudbol — Do you play soccer?
- Related words: keltci, jivna, jinga, zdile
keltci — x1(entity) ia a toy played by x2(entity)
- lo keltci — player. lo se keltci — game (played).
- i pa nixli ca'o zukte lo ka se keltci lo bambola pe vo'a — A girl is playing with her doll.
- Comment: use kelci for playing games, of which keltci may be a component.
- Related words: kelci, bambola, verba, zdile, jivna, jinga
kelvo — x1(entity) is x2(number) degrees Kelvin
- i lo vacri ca kelvo li ji'i re ze ci — It's around 273 degrees Kelvin (0 degrees Celsius).
- Comment: temperature in Kelvin is temperature in Celsius + 273 (approximately). Temperature in Celsius is temperature in Kelvin - 273 (approximately).
- Related words: gradu, centi, decti, dekto, femti, gigdo, gocti, gotro, kilto, centi
kenra — x1(entity) is a cancer disease in x2(entity)
- lo kenra — cancer.
- i lo kenra be lo tatru ka'e mo'u te mikce — Breast cancer can be cured.
- Related words: bilma, mikce, spita
kensa — x1(entity) is outer space near x2(entity)
- lo kensa — outer space.
- i so'i mluni cu vofli bu'u lo kensa be le terdi — There are many satellites flying in outer space near the Earth.
- Related words: canlu, munje, terdi, tsani
kerfa — x1(entity) is the hair of x2(entity)
- lo kerfa — hair, fur.
- i lo kerfa be mi cu clani — My hair is long.
- Related words: skapi, sunla, pimlu
kerlo — x1(entity) is an ear of x2(entity)
- lo kerlo — ear.
- i doi lo gerku ko na pencu lo kerlo be mi — Dog, don't touch my ears!
- Related words: kanla, savru, smaji, tirna, ractu
kernelo — x1(entity) is a kernel, nucleus, 'nut' of x2(entity) ; x1 is central
- lo kernelo — kernel, nucleus.
- i lo kernelo be le terdi cu glare — The core of the Earth is hot.
- Comment: lo midju is center point, lo centero is central subset (of a set or territory), lo kernelo is core.
ketco — x1(entity) is South American in x2(property of x1)
- lo ketco — South American.
- i ti'e le fetsi cu klama fi pa ketco gugde ku i'u cu'i — They say she is from some South American country.
- Related words: brazo, spano
kevna — x1(entity) is a cavity or hole in x2(entity)
- lo kevna — cavity, hole.
- i da kevna le drudi — There is a hole in the roof.
- Related words: fenra, kunti, canlu, canko, galxe, tubnu
ki [preposition] — sets the default tense. As a preposition sets the viewpoint in time-space
- i le dinju cu darno ki mi — The house is far from me.
ki'a [interjection question] — Huh? (confusion about something said), ki'a nai — I understand (understanding about something said)
- i lu mi pu te vecnu pa granate li'u lu granate ki'a li'u — "I bought granate." "Huh, granate?"
- i lu sa'u le verba cu mutce lo ka tatpi li'u lu ki'a nai li'u — "The child is just very tired." "I understand."
- Related words: cfipu, kucli
ki'ai [vocative] — makes a nonce (for this case) interjection out of the following sumti or selbri
- i ki'ai salam — Salam!
ki'e [vocative] — Thank you! Thanks!, ki'e cu'i — No thanks to you, ki'e nai — resentment
- i ki'e sai do — Thank you very much!
- i do pu mutce sidju mi ki'e sai do — You helped me a lot, thank you very much!
- i mi si'u nai mo'u zvafa'i ki'e cu'i la alis — I found myself, no thanks to you, Alice.
- i mi pu tsuku ca le se tcika ki'e cu'i do — I arrived on time, no thanks to you.
- i mi jai lerci ki'e nai la kevin — I was late, and that's because of you, bastard Kevin.
ki'o [digit/number] — number comma; shows groups of 3 digits each in decimal number
- i pa ki'o mu no no prenu cu tadni ti noi ckule — One thousand and five hundred (1,500) people study in this school.
ki'ogra — x1(entity) is x2(number) kilograms in weight
- i lei plise cu ki'ogra li re — The apples are 2 kilograms in weight.
- Related words: kilto, grake
ki'otre — x1(entity) is x2(number) kilometers in x3(property of x1)
- i ti noi dargu cu ki'otre li pa lo ka clani — This box is one kilometer in length.
- Related words: kilto, mitre
ki'u [preposition from krinu] — because of reason ..., adverb: justifiably
- i mi na ka'e tavla do i ki'u bo mi zvati le briju — I can't talk to you since I'm in the office.
kibro — x1(entity) pertains to the internet in x2(property of x1)
- lo kibro — internet.
- i pa pendo be mi cu finti pa karni poi kibro lo ka se benji fu ma kau — A friend of mine is an author of a magazine that is delivered via the internet.
- Related words: skami, se tcana, jikca
kicne — x1(entity) is a cushion
- lo kicne — cushion.
- i ko jgari lo kicne gi'e sipna — Take a cushion and go to sleep.
- Related words: ckana, matci
kijno — x1(entity) is some oxygen
- lo kijno — oxygen.
- i lo kijno joi lo cidro cu se gunma lo djacu — Oxygen and hydrogen make water.
- Related words: jelca, vacri, vasxu
kilto — x1(entity) is a thousand of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo kilto — 1000.
- i le xamsi cu kilto be lo mitre lo ka condi — The sea is 1'000 meters deep.
- Related words: centi
kinli — x1(entity) is sharp at location x2(entity)
- lo kinli — sharp.
- i le balre cu kinli lo jipno — The tip of the blade is sharp.
- Related words: balre, dakfu, jesni
klaji — x1(entity) is a street or alley at x2(entity) allowing access to x3(entity)
- lo klaji — street, avenue, alley.
- i ti ralju klaji le tcadu lo vrici zarci — This is the main street of the city giving access to various shops.
- Related words: panka, pluta, dargu, naxle
klaku — x1(entity) weeps or cries tears x2(entity)
- lo se klaku — tear wept.
- i ra pu klaku lo barda — She cried large tears.
- Related words: badri, krixa
klama — x1(entity) goes to x2(entity) from x3(entity) via the route x4(entity) using means x5(entity)
- lo klama — passenger, goer, rider. lo se klama — destination of a ride. lo te klama — origin of a ride. lo ve klama — route, track. lo xe klama — vehicle.
- i xu do klama fi la nipon — Are you from Japan?
- i le dargu cu se kruca lo pu ve klama be lo ractu — The road crossed what was the rabbit's track.
- i mi'a pu klama fu pa bloti fo pa lalxu fi le zdani fe pa daplu — We sailed on the boat along the lake from the home to an island.
- i mi pu klama fi la nipon fu lo vinji — I flew from Japan.
- i xu do pu klama fu lo aftobuso fe la paris — Did you ride the bus to Paris?
- i le nakni pu klama lo nenri — He came in.
- Related words: cadzu, bajra, marce, vofli, litru, muvdu, cpare, se ka'a, te ka'a, pluta, bevri, farlu, limna, vitke
klani — x1(entity) is measured by x2(number) on x3(property of x1 with kau)
- lo se klani — amount, quantity, level (degree or amount).
- i le pa mlatu cu klani li pi mu lo ka mitre ma kau lo ka clani — The cat is measured 0.5 meters in length.
- i lei mlatu cu klani li ci lo ka gunma ma kau i je va'i le mlatu cu vo mei — The mass of the cats is measured as having 4 units, in other words, there are 4 cats.
- Comment: to specify the number of object loi is usually used in x1 of klani. To specify size fill x3 of klani.
- Related words: pa, namcu
klesi — x1(entity) is a type, kind, class of x2(same type as x1) defined by x3(property of x1)
- lo klesi — subset, type, kind, class.
- i mi cmima lo klesi be lo se zdani bei lo ka vecnu — I belong to the merchant class of inhabitants.
- i do na cmima lo klesi pe mi — You are not my type.
- i ti cmima lo klesi be lo notci bei lo drata — This is another type of message.
- Related words: me, cmima, jutsi, ciste, girzu, lanzu, vrici
klina — the medium x1(entity) is transparent, clear, penetratable to signal x2(entity)
- lo klina — clear, penetrable, transparent.
- i lo vacri pu klina lo darno voksa — The air was clean to pass a distant voice.
- i le nanla pu klina lo ka te smuni ma kau — The boy was pretty clear in what he meant.
- Comment: lo na zunti is unhindered.
- Related words: kandi, zunti
kliru — x1(entity) is a quantity of halogen
- lo kliru — halogen.
- i la iodi'um cu kliru — Iodine is a halogen.
- Related words: xukmi
kliti — x1(entity) is some clay
- lo kliti — clay.
- i xu do mo'u zbasu le kabri lo ranti kliti — Have you worked the cup out of soft clay?
- Related words: dertu, pesxu, staku
kluza — x1(entity) is loose, bloused on x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo kluza — loose.
- i le creka pu kluza mi lo ka se pagbu lo tubnu — The shirt was loose on me in sleeves.
- Related words: tagji, trati, rinju
ko [pronoun] — you !, make it true so that you ... (imperative 'you')
- i ko kurji ko — Take care of yourself.
- i ko sisti — Stop it!
- i kukte ko — Enjoy your meal.
- i ko dasni lo taxfu — Get dressed.
- Comment: doesn't necessarily imply a command. Can be used for mild requests too.
ko'a [pronoun] — 1st pronoun for assignments. Specified by adding goi
- i ko'a e ko'e e ko'i e ko'o e ko'u prenu i je ko'a fa'u ko'e nelci ko'e fa'u ko'i i je ko'o fa'u ko'u na nelci ko'a fa'u ko'e i je se ni'i bo ko'e se nelci ma — Let ko'a, ko'e, ko'i, ko'o and ko'u be people. Now ko'a and ko'e like ko'e and ko'i respectively, and ko'o and ko'u don't like ko'a and ko'e, respectively. Thus, ko'e is liked by whom?
ko'e [pronoun] — 2nd pronoun for assignments. Specified by adding goi
- Related words: ko'a
ko'i [pronoun] — 3rd pronoun for assignments. Specified by adding goi
- Related words: ko'a
ko'o [pronoun] — 4th pronoun for assignments. Specified by adding goi
- Related words: ko'a
ko'oi [interjection] — imperative
- i do o nai ko'oi mi co'a morsi — Either you or I die!
- i ko'oi mi'o klama — Let's go!
- i le prenu ku ko'oi citka le grute — Let him eat the fruit!
- i lo ko'oi se platu be do cu te snada — Let your plan be successful!
- Comment: hortative. ko is a short form of do ko'oi. ko'oi is a broader term than e'o, e'u, e'a, e'e, e'i.
- Related words: minde, cpedu, e'ande, pacna, stidi, djica, bilga
ko'u [pronoun] — 5th pronoun for assignments. Specified by adding goi
- Related words: ko'a
kobli — x1(entity) is a cabbage of species x2(taxon)
- lo kobli — cabbage, lettuce.
- i mi pu citka lo kobli stasu — I ate a cabbage soup.
- Related words: stagi
kojna — x1(entity) is a corner in x2(entity)
- lo kojna — corner.
- i le baktu cu jibni pa kojna be le kumfa — The bucket is in a corner of the room.
- Related words: jipno, konju, bliku, fanmo, jganu, krasi
kokso — x1(entity) is a coconut of variety/cultivar x2(taxon)
- lo kokso — coconut.
- i xu do kakne lo ka jai gau porpi fai lo kokso — Can you crack the coconut?
- Related words: grute
kolme — x1(entity) is a quantity of coal
- lo kolme — coal.
- i lo kolme ca'o jelca — Coal is burning.
- i mi mo'u xaksu le kolme — I've used up the coal.
- Related words: tabno, tarla
kombitu — x1(entity) is a comb for doing x2(clause) with teeth, needles x3(entity)
- lo kombitu — comb. lo te kombitu — tooth of a comb, needle of a comb.
- i ti kombitu lo nu jai gau cnici fai lo kerfa vau lo cinla — This is a comb with thin teeth for putting hair in order.
- Related words: kerfa, forca
konju — x1(entity) is a cone with base x2(entity) and vertex x3(entity)
- lo konju — cone. lo se konju — base of a cone. lo te konju — vertex of a cone.
- i lo tarci jadni cu te konju fi le tricu — The star is the tip of the tree.
- Related words: jesni, djine, sovda, kojna, jganu
korbi — x1(entity) is an edge or border between x2(entity group)
- lo korbi — edge. lo se korbi — something with an edge.
- i ti korbi lo re rirxe — This is the border between the two rivers.
- Related words: greku, mlana, jimte, ctebi, bartu
korcu — x1(entity) is bent or crooked
- lo korcu — bent.
- i loi cidni be la alis mo'u korcu — Alice's knees buckled.
- i le jukpa pu korcu ga'u lo fagri — The cook leaned over the fire.
- Related words: cinje, polje, sarlu, sirji, bargu, genxu
korka — x1(entity) is some cork from tree x2(entity)
- lo korka — cork.
- i lo korka be lo cindu cu rotsu — The cork of oak trees is thick.
- Related words: tricu, calku, skapi, stagi
korvo — x1(entity) is a crow of species x2(taxon)
- lo korvo — crow, raven.
- i le korvo cu xekri du'i lo ka kolme — The raven is black as coal.
- Related words: cipni, xekri
kosta — x1(entity) is a jacket or sweater
- lo kosta — jacket.
- i ko co'a dasni le kosta — Put the coat on.
- Related words: pastu, sunla, taxfu
krali — x1(property of x2) is a legal/moral right of x2(entity) in legal system x3(entity)
- lo krali — legal right, moral right.
- i lo prenu poi nanca li su'o po'o pa bi cu se krali lo ka co'a speni vau lo jecta be lo vi gugde — People of not less than 18 years only have a right to marry under the polity of this country.
- Related words: flalu, zifre, pikta, zekri
kramu — x1(entity) is x2(number) area units in standard x3(property of x1)
- i lo vi foldi cu kramu li re ki'o lo ka mitre — This field is 2000 square meters.
- Related words: rupnu, fepni, dekpu, gutci, minli, merli, bunda
krasi — x1(entity) is the beginning, the initial stage, first part of x2(entity)
- lo krasi — beginning (first part) of an event.
- i lo nu zgipli cu krasi le se tigni — Playing music is the initial part of the performance.
- i pa jinto cu krasi ti noi rirxe — A well is the beginning of this river.
- i ma krasi do — What is your origin?
- Related words: cfari, sisti, fanmo, mulno, denpa, jipno, traji, ra'i, sabji, jinto
krati — x1(entity) represents x2(entity) in function x3(property of x1)
- lo krati — representative.
- i pa krati be lo turni bei lo ka ckini fi lo gubni co'a tavla lei se natmi — A representative of the governor in public relations started talking to the nation.
- Related words: jansu, catni, vipsi, pulji
krefu — x1(clause) is a recurrence of x2(clause) happening for the x3(number) -th time
- lo krefu — recurrence, occurrence, case (recurrence). lo te krefu — number of recurrences.
- i lo na te snada cu krefu lу nu troci vau li ci — The attempt ended in a failure for the third time.
- Related words: fukpi, rapli, cafne, fasnu, volta
krici — x1(entity) believes x2(proposition) is true about x3(entity)
- lo krici — believer. lo se krici — belief (fact in which one believes).
- i mi pu krici lo ka volta vau do — I believed that you would return.
- Comment: believing doesn't require evidence or proof. For expressing opinions use jinvi.
- Related words: jinvi, djuno, censa, cevni, lijda, makfa, malsi, senpi, birti
krili — x1(entity) is quantity of crystal of material x2(entity)
- lo krili — crystal.
- i ti du lo za'u krili be lo silna — These are the crystals of salt.
- Related words: jemna, bisli
krinu — x1(clause) is a reason for x2(clause)
- lo krinu — justification, reason. lo se krinu — event justified.
- i ma krinu lo nu do jai lerci — What is the reason for your lateness?
- Related words: ciksi, rinka, nibli, mukti, se jalge, te zukte, ki'u, bapli
krixa — x1(entity) yells or cries out x2(sound, text)
- i ra pu krixa zo sidju — He cried, "Help!"
- Related words: klaku, bacru
krokodilo — x1(entity) is a crocodile of breed x2(taxon)
- lo krokodilo — crocodile, animal of family Crocodylidae.
- i lo krokodilo cu zvati ma — Where are the crocodiles?
- Related words: respa
kruca — x1(entity) intersects x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo te kruca — point of an intersection.
- i ko carna fi lo zunle bu'u lo te kruca — Turn left at the crossroad.
- i mi pu denpa bu'u lo te kruca be lo ralju dargu bei lo dertu dargu — I was waiting at the place where the main road was intersected by a dirt road.
- Related words: cripu, ragve
kruji — x1(entity) is some cream
- lo kruji — cream.
- i au pei bisli kruji — Would you like ice cream?
- Related words: ladru, matne
krumami — x1(entity) has the umami taste to x2(entity)
- lo krumami — having umami taste.
- i le stasu be lo jipci cu krumami mi — The chicken soup tastes umami to me.
- Related words: titla, slari, kurki, silna
ku [terminator] — ends a construct started with: la, lai, le, lei, lo, le'e, lo'e, loi
ku [2nd meaning] — shows the end of an adverb
- Comment: adverb is formed with one or more prepositions without arguments and a ku at the end, e.g. na ku, ba zi ku.
ku'a [conjunction] — forms intersection of sets
- i e'o doi lo ninmu ku'a lo ctuca do klama lo nenri — Those who are women and teachers, please, enter.
ku'i [interjection] — however, although, contrarily, but, in contrast, ku'i nai — in line
- i ku'i mi na ralte su'o jdini — However, I don't have money.
- i le fetsi pu ku tatpi gi'e ku'i nai co'a sipna — She was tired and in line with that she fell asleep.
- Comment: English 'but' is also a conjunction and this corresponds more to je ku'i / gi'je ku'i / e ku'i. ku'i nai is used to draw conclusions in accordance with those statements which were said previously.
- Related words: frica, dukti, na panra
ku'o [terminator] — ends a construct started with: noi, poi, voi
kubli — x1(entity) is a cube
- lo kubli — cube.
- i mi pu punji lo kubli bisli le te runta — I put ice cubes into the drink.
- Related words: kurfa, bliku, tanbo, tapla, tarmi
kucli — x1(entity) is curious about x2(clause)
- lo kucli — curious. lo se kucli — subject of curiosity.
- i mi kucli lo nu tu noi ninmu cu zukte ma — I'm curious what is that woman doing?
- Related words: marvele, sisku, se cinri
kufra — x1(entity) is comfortable with x2(property of x1)
- lo kufra — comfortable.
- i mi kufra lo ka vreta bu'u lo jbini be re kicne — I feel comfortable lying between the two pillows.
- Related words: cinmo
kukte — x1(entity) is tasty or delicious to x2(object)
- lo kukte — tasty.
- i lo vi badna cu kukte mi — For me this banana is sweet.
- i ko se kukte — Bon appetite!
- Related words: gusta, ralci, vrusi, cpina
kulnu — x1(property of x2) is culture of x2(entity)
- lo kulnu — culture.
- i lo ka citka lo insekto cu kulnu so'e remna — Eating insects is the culture of most of humans.
- Comment: x1 are customs, ideas, arts, skills.
- Related words: ka'u, natmi, cecmu
kumfa — x1(entity) is a room in x2(entity)
- lo kumfa — room.
- i lo vi kumfa be lo xotli cu barda — This hotel room is large.
- Related words: bitmu, canlu, zdani
kumte — x1(entity) is a camel or llama of species x2(taxon)
- lo kumte — camel, llama.
- i lo gidva be mi'a cu kakne lo ka sazri lo kumte — Our guide can ride a camel.
- Related words: sunla, kanla, xirma, xasli
kunra — x1(entity) is an ore containing material x2(entity) mined from x3(entity)
- lo kunra — mineral.
- i ti kunra lo tirse lo cmana — This is an iron containing ore mined from mountains.
- Related words: jinme, bisli, rokci, jemna
kunti — x1(entity) is empty of material x2(entity)
- lo kunti — empty.
- i le kabri cu kunti — The glass is empty.
- Related words: culno, tisna, claxu, canlu, kevna, setca
kurfa — x1(entity) is a rectangle defined by vertices x2(entity group)
- lo kurfa — rectangle.
- i loi sonci pu kurfa lo vo mitre be li mu — Soldiers formed together a rectangle 5 meters in each side.
- Related words: bliku, kubli, tapla, salpo, tarmi
kurji — x1(entity) takes care of x2(entity)
- lo kurji — caretaker.
- i ei kurji lo bilma — We should take care of the patient.
- Related words: jundi, cinri, prami, raktu, zgana
kurki — x1(entity) is bitter, acrid to x2(entity)
- lo kurki — bitter (taste).
- i le birje cu kurki — The beer is bitter.
- Related words: titla, slari
kuspe — x1(entity) extends or reaches over range x2(entity) ; x1 has scope over x2
- lo kuspe — having scope. lo se kuspe — scope.
- i lu na ku mi nelci li'u zo'u lo mulno brisni poi du lu mi nelci li'u cu se kuspe lu na ku li'u — As for i naku mi nelci the whole clause mi nelci is in the scope of naku.
- i mi na kakne lo ka kuspe tu noi forca — I can't get that fork.
- Related words: ranji, renvi, tcena, bancu, cripu, ragve, vorme, canko, bitmu, sirji, jbini, jimte, preja
kusru — x1(entity) is cruel to victim x2(entity) in actions x3(property of x1)
- lo kusru — cruel action. lo se kusru — victim of cruelty.
- i ko na kusru mi — Don't be cruel to me.
- i lei rirni pu kusru mi lo ka na e'ande mi lo ka kelci bu'u lo bartu — The parents were cruel to me in not allowing playing outside.
- Related words: xendo, jursa
ky [pronoun] — k (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like ky is for the last lo kosta used.
la [lo gadri] — turn verb into name (sumti)
- i la alis ba vitke la paris — Alice will visit Paris.
- i zo bruna cmene la kevin pa pendo be mi — Brother is how friends call Kevin.
- Comment: the one that is called ... Creates personal name from verbs or cmevla.
la'a [interjection] — probably, la'a nai — improbably
- i la'a ti traji lo ka misno — Probably, this is the most popular one.
- i la'a ru'e la'e do'i cu ve ciksi — Probably, it's the explanation.
- i la'a nai ka'e ku gau la kevin la alis co'a birti — It's improbable that Kevin can convince Alice.
- i la'a le nakni ba zi mo'u zukte — He ought to finish soon.
- Related words: lakne
la'e — what can be referred to by ... (noun follows)
- i do jo'u mi pu casnu da i la'e di'u pu cacra li ji'i pa — There was something you and I discussed. And that lasted for approximately an hour.
- i la'e zo alis cu cinri cukta — "Alice" is an interesting book.
- Comment: la'e [noun] is the same as lo se sinxa be [noun].
la'o — turn foreign text into noun that is a name
- i la'o gy.The wild bears.gy. jai cinri skina — "The wild bears" is an interesting movie.
- Comment: quotes a text that can be not Lojbanic. The quotation is to be wrapped with pauses from both sides and with an additional Lojbanic word around them from both sides (this word must not be used within the text quoted). Usually the separating words is the name of the first letter of the language of the quotation.
- Related words: zoi, la'o, zo, lu ... li'u, lo'e, lo'u, mu'oi
labno — x1(entity) is a wolf of species x2(taxon)
- lo labno — wolf.
- i mi pu tirna lo nu lo labno cu cmoni — I heard wolfs howling.
- Related words: gerku
labyxu'e — x1(entity) is pink, of rose color
- lo labyxu'e — pink, rose (of color).
- i lo va nixli pe lo labyxu'e cu mo — Who is that girl in pink?
- Related words: xunre, blabi
lacpu — x1(entity) pulls or drags x2(entity)
- lo se lacpu — something pulled, something dragged.
- i la alis pu lacpu la kevin re'o lo kerfa — Alice dragged Kevin upstairs by the hair.
- Related words: catke, sakci, cokcu
lacri — x1(entity) relies, counts on, trusts x2(entity) to bring about, ensure, maintain state x3(property of x1 with kau)
- i mi lacri do lo ka ma kau sidju — I rely on you to help me.
- i mi xebni lo ka lacri lo karce pe mi lo ka klama lo jai se djica be mi fu ma kau — I hate having to rely on my car to get where I want.
- Related words: minde, nitcu, tinbe
ladru — x1(entity) is some milk from x2(entity)
- lo ladru — milk.
- i e'o do sabji lo pa kabri be lo ladru mi — Please give me a glass of milk.
- i le nixli ca'o di'i pinxe lo ladru poi se cupra lo mamta be vo'a — The girl still regularly her mother's milk.
- Related words: lanbi, mabru, tatru, cirla, kruji
lafti — x1(entity) lifts x2(entity)
- lo se lafti — something lifted.
- i xu do kakne lo ka lafti le rokci — Can you lift the stone?
- Related words: farlu, plipe
lai [lo gadri] — turn verb into name (sumti) denoting a mass
- i lai djonson pu se zdani ti — The Johnsons lived here.
- Comment: the mass of those that are called ... Creates personal name that denote a mass.
lakne — x1(clause) is probable, likely
- lo lakne — probable.
- i lakne fa lo nu ba carvi — I will probably rain.
- i le nabmi cu jai lakne fai lo ka na nandu — The problem is probably not hard.
- Related words: cumki, jinzi, kampu, tcaci, cunso, cafne, fadni, cnano
lakse — x1(entity) is some wax
- lo lakse — wax.
- i lo bifce cu cupra lo lakse — Bees produce wax.
- Related words: bifce, ranti, bidju
laldo — x1(entity) is old/aged in that it has x2(property of x1)
- lo laldo — old, aged.
- i ti noi kosta cu laldo lo ka ze'a ma kau se dasni — This jacket is old in how long it has been worn.
- Related words: citno, slabu
lalxu — x1(entity) is a lake at site x2(entity)
- lo lalxu — lake, pool. lo se lalxu — place with a lake.
- i ai mi vitke lo lalxu be le panka — I'm going to visit a lake in the park.
- Related words: daplu, djacu, rirxe, xamsi, zbani
lamji — x1(entity) is adjacent, next to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2) in direction x4(property of x1 and x2, has two places for ce'u)
- lo lamji — immediate (adjacent).
- i lo zdani be la alis cu lamji lo ckule lo ka stuzi vau lo ka ce'u ce'u stici vo'a — Alice's home is adjacent to the school in where it is located and it is to the east of the school.
- Related words: zvati, cpana, jibni, diklo, stuzi, bartu, jbini
lanbi — x1(entity) is a quantity of protein
- lo lanbi — protein.
- i lo nanba cu vasru lo so'i lanbi — Bread contains a lot of protein.
- Related words: ladru, sovda
lanci — x1(entity) is a flag or banner symbolizing x2(entity)
- lo lanci — flag, banner.
- i ti lanci la lojban — This is the flag of Lojban.
- Related words: gugde, jecta
lanka — x1(entity) is a basket containing x2(entity)
- lo lanka — basket. lo se lanka — contents of a basket.
- i ko jgari lo lanka be lo fragari — Take a basket with strawberries.
- Related words: vasru, baktu
lanli — x1(entity) analyzes x2(entity) by method x3(property of x1)
- lo lanli — analyst. lo se lanli — something analysed. lo te lanli — method of analysis.
- i le mikce cu lanli lo bilma lo ka tirna lo fepri — The doctor examines the patient by listening to the lungs.
- Related words: cipra, catlu, zgana, jarco, pensi, pinka
lanme — x1(entity) is a sheep of species x2(taxon)
- lo lanme — sheep.
- i ti noi cirla cu se zbasu fi lo ladru be lo lanme — This cheese is made from sheep's milk.
- Related words: kanba, sunla
lante — x1(entity) is a can for x2(entity)
- lo lante — can, pre-sealed container. lo se lante — something canned.
- i ti lante lo festi — It's a can for waste.
- Related words: botpi, baktu, tinci
lanxe — x1(entity group) is in balance under forces x2(entity)
- lo lanxe — balanced.
- i lo nu mi gunka jo'u lo nu mi surla cu lanxe lo se zukte be mi — I keep my work and my leisure time in balance.
- Related words: fapro, midju, nutli
lanzu — x1(entity) is a family with member x2(entity) who is tied to it by bond x3(relation between members of x2, contains two places for ce'u)
- lo lanzu — family. lo se lanzu — family member.
- i ti lanzu lo citno lo ka ce'u ce'u prami — This is a family of young people bound by mutual love.
- Related words: natmi, cmima, girzu, jutsi, klesi
larcu — x1(property of nonce place) is an art, creative application of skill x2(proposition)
- lo larcu — art. lo se larcu — craft.
- i za'a do certu lo larcu be lo ka finti lo melbi se sanga — I can see, you are an expert in creating beautiful songs.
- i lo ka prami cu larcu — Love is an art.
- Related words: finti, zbasu, stati
lasna — x1(entity) fastens or binds x2(entity) to x3(entity) with x4(entity)
- lo lasna — fastener. lo se lasna — fastened.
- i le prenu pu lasna la kevin pa kamju pa skori — The person tied Kevin to a pillar with a rope.
- Related words: jorne, fenso, jgena, batke, dinko, kansa
lastu — x1(entity) is a quantity of brass
- lo lastu — brass.
- i lo lastu cu mixre lo tunka joi lo zinki — Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
- Comment: lo lastu is an alloy made of copper and zinc.
- Related words: jinme, ransu, tunka
latna — x1(entity) is a lotus of species x2(taxon)
- lo latna — lotus.
- i le latna co'a me lo flora poi se panci lo pluka — The lotus turns into a flower with a pleasant scent.
- Related words: budjo, censa, lijda, spati
lazni — x1(entity) is lazy concerning action x2(property of x1)
- lo lazni — lazy. lo se lazni — action lazily avoided.
- i mi lazni lo ka catlu le matra — I am lazy to look at the engine.
- Related words: nejni, vreta, gunka
le [lo gadri] — turn verb into noun of what is mentioned
- i mi pu viska pa fetsi i le fetsi cu melbi — I saw a female. She is pretty.
- Comment: the, creates pronoun like she, he from noun. le fetsi is she, le nakni is he, le za'u mei is they.
le'ai [terminator] — ends a construct started with: lo'ai, sa'ai
le'e [lo gadri] — turn verb into noun denoting a typical thing previously mentioned
- i lo'e cipni cu kakne lo ka vofli i mi tadni le'e cipni — Typical birds can fly. And I study such birds.
- Comment: the typical one that does or is ... (previously defined).
- Related words: le, lo, lo'e
le'o [interjection] — Grr! (aggression), le'o cu'i — expressing passive (non-agressive) emotion, le'o nai — expressing defensive emotion
- i le'o ro ko tinbe fi mi — Everybody follow my orders!
- i le'o cu'i sa'u mi pu retsku zo'ei lo nu do se la'u li xo kau kanro — Hey, I just asked you about your health.
- i le'o nai mi jimpe lo du'u ei mi zutse ti — Okay, okay, I understand that I have to sit here.
- Related words: gunta, bandu
le'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: lo'u
lebna — x1(entity) takes or seizes x2(entity, property of x3) from x3(entity)
- lo se lebna — something taken.
- i le za'u mei pu lebna fi mi fe lo ka se krali lo ka ponse le karce — They took my rights on owning the car.
- i mi pu lebna pa titla le tanxe ca lo nu lo drata na jundi — I took a candy from the box when other weren't attentive.
- Comment: lebna implies possession taken, cpacu doesn't imply previous possession, vimcu doesn't imply acquiring possession.
- Related words: punji, cpacu, vimcu, canci, cliva
lei [lo gadri] — turn verb into noun denoting a mass previously mentioned
- i mi pu zgana loi prenu gi'e ba co'a sanli i ba bo mi pu muvdu fa'a lei prenu — I noticed a crowd and stood up. After that, I moved into the direction of the crowd.
- Comment: the ..., the mass of those that are ... (previously mentioned).
lenjo — x1(entity) is a lens focusing rays x2(entity) to the focus x3(entity)
- lo lenjo — lens. lo se lenjo — rays focused by a lens. lo te lenjo — focus of a lens.
- i ti lenjo lo gusni lo darno — This lens focusing light has a long focal length.
- i mi co'a dasni loi lenjo te zu'e lo ka sfubu — I put on goggles in order to dive.
- i ko bevri fi mi fe loi lenjo pe mi — Bring me my glasses.
- Comment: x2 is usually light. Light from the original object comes through x1 in the form of x2 onto x3.
- Related words: kacma, minra
lenku — x1(entity) is cold
- lo lenku — cold.
- i lo vacri cu zenba lo ka lenku — It's getting cold.
- i le jisra pe ne'i le lenku minji pu xlali — The juice in the fridge was no good.
- Related words: glare, bisli
lerci — x1(clause) is late by standard x2(proposition)
- lo lerci — late event.
- i lo nu mi volta lo zdani cu lerci lo se jinvi be lo mamta be mi — According to my mother, I returned home late.
- Related words: clira
lerfu — x1(entity) is a letter, symbol in word or alphabet x2(entity, text) representing x3(entity, sound)
- lo lerfu — letter, alphabetic symbol.
- i zoi ry.д.ry. lerfu lo rusko zo d — д is a letter of Russian alphabet representing sound d.
- Related words: mifra, namcu, sinxa
letri — x1(entity) is electric in x2(property of x1)
- lo letri — electric.
- i lo dilnu cu letri lo ka cupra lo lindi — The cloud are electric in that they produce lightning.
- Related words: magneti, trina, xlura
li — turn number into value
- i li vo cu sumji li re li re — 4 is the sum of 2 and 2.
- Comment: value of the following number or a math expression.
li'a [interjection] — clearly, of course, li'a nai — obscurely
- i li'a do xanka — You are clearly worried.
- i li'a no da poi te ckini la alis la kevin pu na drani — Clearly, nothing in their relations was amiss.
- i li'a mi pu no roi vitke lo dzipo tumla — Of course, I have never been to Antarctica.
- i li'a nai lo tcima cu funca le solri — Weather depends on the sun, I see, but it's complicated.
- Related words: klina
li'anpi — x1(entity) is a cheek of x2(entity)
- lo li'anpi — cheek.
- i ra pu se li'anpi lo plana — She had chubby cheeks.
- Related words: flira, mlana
li'anzi — x1(entity) is a length of chain with links or rings x2(entity)
- lo li'anzi — chain. lo se li'anzi — link of a chain, ring of a chain.
- i ti li'anzi lo barda je rijno — This is a chain with big silver rings.
- Related words: djine, cukla, gunma, lasna
li'i [clause prefix] — turn clause into verb
- i lo pluka ko li'i se senva — Have a pleasant dream (sweat dreams!)
- i lo pluka ko li'i se citka — How did you like the party?
- i ma do li'i salci — The length is two meters.
- Comment: x1 (property of x2) is an experience of ... (clause follows) experienced by x2. The first omitted place of the clause is assumed to be the second place of the li'i clause.
li'o [interjection] — and so on (omitted text)
- i la kevin cu pa moi i la edvard cu re moi i li'o — Kevin is the first. Eduard is the second, and so on.
li'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: lu
- Comment: seldom elidable except at end of text.
lidne — x1(entity) precedes x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1 and x2)
- i lo mlatu ba lidne lo gerku lo ka se casnu ca ma kau — Cats will be discussed before dogs.
- Comment: purci is for time sequence.
- Related words: balvi, ralju, rebla, purci, jersi, porsi, jatna, farna
lifri — x1(entity) experiences x2(clause)
- lo lifri — experiencer, patient (experiencer). lo se lifri — experienced event, feeling (what is felt).
- i mi lifri lo ka pu se nandu — I've had a hard life.
- i do ba lifri lo nabmi — You'll get into trouble.
- i mi pu lifri lo ka ganse lo cizra — I underwent strange sensation.
- Related words: ri'i, jmive, fasnu, renvi
lijda — x1(entity) is a religion of believers x2(entity) sharing beliefs x3(proposition)
- lo lijda — religion. lo se lijda — religious believer. lo te lijda — religious belief.
- i lo na krici tu'a pa cevni na te lijda — Not believing in God is not a religion.
- i la animism cu lijda lo remna poi se zdani lo vi tumla le du'u ro dacti cu vasru lo pruxi — Animism is a religion of people living on this land that asserts that every object contains a spirit.
- i do se lijda ma — What is your religion?
- Related words: budjo, censa, cevni, crida, dadjo, jegvo, krici, latna, malsi, marde, muslo, pruxi, ranmi, ritli, xriso, zekri
limna — x1(entity) swims in x2(entity)
- lo limna — swimmer.
- i e'a nai do limna lo xamsi — Don't swim in the sea!
- Related words: djacu, fulta, klama, litru
limxone — x1(entity) is a lemon of species x2(entity)
- lo limxone — lemon.
- i au mi pinxe lo jisra be lo limxone — I'd like to drink a lemon juice.
- Related words: pelxu, nimre, najnimre
lindi — x1(entity) is a lightning striking at x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- lo lindi — lightning.
- i sa'u tu pe pu ku cu lindi lo darno pa dilnu — That was just a lightning that stroke far away from here striking from a cloud.
- Related words: letri
linji — x1(entity) is a line segment defined by points x2(entity group)
- lo linji — line. lo se linji — points defining a line.
- i loi pulji pu se linji lo clani te zu'e lo ka kurji lo cadzu prenu — The police officers formed long lines in order to protect walking people.
- Related words: korcu, sirji, jganu, kantu, mokca
linto — x1(entity) is lightweight
- lo linto — lightweight, light (not heavy).
- i le mlatu verba cu linto — The kitten is lightweight.
- Comment: lo xalbo is light (not serious), lo gusni is light (illumination).
- Related words: junta, tilju
lisri — x1(text) is a story about x2(entity)
- lo lisri — story, tale, yarn (story), narrative. lo se lisri — plot of a story.
- i ko skicu pa lisri be lo crida mi — Tell me a story about fairies.
- Related words: ranmi, cfika, skicu, prosa, pemci
liste — x1(entity) is a list, log of x2(entity group)
- lo liste — list, log. lo se liste — logged.
- i mi pu tcidu lo liste be lo notci noi fi ke'a porsi lo ka se benji ca ma kau — I read a log of messages, which were sorted in the order of being sent.
- Comment: unlike porsi the word liste describes an actual object with the sequence formed as is.
- Related words: porsi, girzu, cmima
litce — x1(entity) is x2(number) liters
- i ti noi djacu cu litce li re — It's two liters of water.
- Related words: centi
litki — x1(entity) is liquid
- lo litki — liquid.
- i ko satre le litki pa panje — Wipe the liquid with a sponge.
- i le bisli ca'o co'a litki — The ice is melting.
- Related words: cilmo, djacu, lumci, runta, pambe, sudga, gapci, sligu, flu'ente, jduli
litru — x1(entity) travels via route x2(entity)
- lo litru — traveller. lo se litru — travelling route.
- i mi pu litru lo fange gugde — I travelled abroad.
- Related words: bajra, cadzu, cpare, tcana, klama, cliva, pluta, limna, muvdu
livga — x1(entity) is a liver of x2(entity)
- lo livga — liver.
- i xu lo ka citka lo livga be lo jipci cu xamgu do — Is eating chicken liver good for you?
- Related words: rango, betfu
livla — x1(entity) is a fuel for powering x2(entity)
- lo livla — fuel.
- i le toknu cu se livla lo mudri — The furnace is stoked up with wood.
- i lo livla na banzu — There isn't enough fuel.
- Related words: nejni, xaksu, jelca
lo [lo gadri] — turn verb into noun
- i lo mlatu cu danlu — Cat is an animal.
- i pa sazri ca denpa — A driver waits.
- i za'u pa sazri ca denpa — Drivers wait.
- Comment: the one which does ..., the one which is ..., those which do ..., those which are .... Creates noun from verb. Often corresponds to English '-er' like in 'singer', 'player'. Without numbers specified refers to noun in general and thus can refer both singular and plural nouns depending on context. Nouns ends in a selbri (main verb).
lo'ai — To correct yourself say lo'ai, then the incorrect construct, then sa'ai, then the same but corrected construct, then le'ai.
- i mi pu vitke lo dzipo le'ai nai — I visited Antarctica (sic!)
- i mi pu klama lo zarci y lo'ai pu sa'ai ba le'ai — I went to the store, ehm, no, will go!
- i sa'ai ba klama le'ai pei — Is it "will go" that should have been said?
- Comment: You may just start with sa'ai if it's obvious what is corrected. The word le'ai on its own indicates that an obvious mistake was made. le'ai dai indicates that the other partner made a mistake. le'ai pei asks whether the partner made a mistake. le'ai nai explicitly denies mistakes.
lo'e [lo gadri] — turn verb into noun denoting a typical thing
- i lo'e cipni cu kakne lo ka vofli — Typical birds can fly.
- Comment: the typical one that does or is ....
lo'o [terminator] — ends a construct started with: li, me'o
lo'u — turn main verb into noun that is a quote
- i ma smuni lo'u vau ua le'u poi do cusku — What's the meaning of vau ua that you said?
- Comment: lo'u ... le'u is a noun quoting any number of Lojban words.
logji — x1(proposition) is a logic for reasoning about x2(proposition)
- lo logji — logic.
- i le du'u lo prina be fi lo jamfu be pa nixli cu nenri le dinju cu logji le du'u la alis pu zvati ti — By the fact that there are footprints of a girl inside the house, one concludes that Alice was here.
- Related words: nibli
loi [lo gadri] — turn verb into noun denoting a mass
- i loi tadni pu sruri le dinju — Students surrounded the building.
- i mi ralte pa loi re gluta — I have a pair of mittens.
- Comment: the mass of those that are .... Creates noun that denotes a mass.
lojbo — x1(entity) is Lojbanic in x2(property of x1)
- lo lojbo — Lojbanic.
- i mi lojbo lo ka se cinri la lojban vau e no drata i je mi na tavla bau la lojban — I'm a Lojbanic person only in that I'm interested in Lojban; I don't speak it.
- Related words: bangu, logji
loldi — x1(entity) is a floor, ground of x2(entity)
- lo loldi — floor.
- i mi pu sipna bu'u lo loldi be lo kumfa pe mi — I slept on the floor of my room.
- Related words: bitmu, drudi, dertu, dizlo, cnita, zbepi, sarji, skalera
lorxu — x1(entity) is a fox of species x2(taxon)
- lo lorxu — fox.
- i lo lorxu cu citka lo jipci — Foxes eat hens.
- Related words: gerku
lu — turn main verb into noun that is a quote
- i mi pu cusku lu coi lo pendo li'u — I said "Hello, friends!"
- Comment: lu ... li'u is a noun quoting grammatically correct text in Lojban (can contain any number of words).
lu'e — what refers to (noun follows)
- i lo re cirkulo cu du lu'e lo logji — Two circles is a symbol of logic.
- i lo vi janbe pe lo vorme cu du lu'e mi — This doorbell is to call me.
- Comment: lu'e [noun] is the same as lo sinxa be [noun].
lu'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: la'e, lu'e, tu'a, zo'ei
lujvo — x1(text) is a lujvo, verb made of affixes with meaning x2(entity), arguments meaning x3(ordered entity group), with affixes built from components x4(ordered text group)
- lo lujvo — lujvo (compound verb made of affixes).
- i zo ki'ogra lujvo le du'u kilto lo grake vau lo kilto ce'o lo se grake zo kilto ce'o zo grake — ki'ogra is a lujvo meaning "is a thousand of grams" with arguments meaning "what is measured in thousands", "the number of grams"; affixes of the lujvo are built from kilto and grake attached sequentially.
- Related words: stura, cmavo, gismu, rafsi, smuni
lumci — x1(entity) washes x2(entity) of contaminant x3(entity)
- lo lumci — washer.
- i mi pu lumci so'o palta lo stali — I washed off the remains from some dishes.
- Related words: djacu, jinru, litki, zbabu, jinsa, curve
lunbe — x1(entity) is naked or bare
- lo lunbe — naked, bare.
- i le cifnu ca lunbe — The baby is naked now.
- Related words: taxfu, bandu
lunra — x1(entity) is the Moon, major natural satellite of planet x2(entity)
- lo lunra — Moon (major natural satellite). lo se lunra — planet with a moon.
- i le terdi cu se lunra pa da — The Earth has one natural moon.
- Related words: planeta, solri, terdi, mluni
lunsa — x1(entity) condenses
- lo lunsa — condensing.
- i lo bisli lunsa pu gacri le dertu — Frost covered the ground.
- Related words: cilmo, dunja, febvi, litki, bumru
luska — x1(entity) is a mollusk of species x2(entity)
- lo luska — mollusc.
- i ti noi luska cu cpare co masno — This mollusk moves slowly.
- Related words: curnu, danlu, xamsi, rirxe
ly [pronoun] — l (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like ly is for the last lo lalxu used.
ma [pronoun] — asks for the noun (that should go into the place to which ma is put)
- i do djica ma — What do you want?
- i ma noi prenu pu zvati ti — Who was here?
- i ma noi dacti pu zvati ti — What object was here?
ma'a [pronoun] — we with you (includes other persons not in the dialog)
- i ma'a se zdani lo bu'u planeta — We inhabit this planet.
- i lo rarna munje cu vajni ca lo nu ma'a se lifri — Nature plays an important role in our lives.
- Comment: mi'ai is a more vague pronoun.
ma'oi — quotes one next word and treats it as the name of a selma'o (class of particles). The quoted word must be delimited by pauses (in speech) or whitespace (in writing)
- i zo di'ai cmavo ma'oi coi — di'ai is a grammatical particle of class "COI" (vocative).
- Comment: selma'o are often written in English text in capital letters e.g.: COI.
- Related words: ra'oi
ma'u [digit/number] — plus sign (number follows; by default any positive)
- i li ma'u re du li bi vu'u xa — "+2 = 8 - 6."
mabla — x1(entity) is shitty, awful in x2(property of x1) according to x3(entity) ; x1 stinks, sucks
- lo mabla — shitty, awful, execrable.
- i fi mi le cidja cu mabla lo ka se zalvi lo denci — For me the food is awful in chewing it.
- Related words: palci, dapma, xlali, zabna, funca, ganti, ganxo, gletu, gutra, kalci, pinca, nakpinji, plibu, vibna, vlagi, zargu
mabru — x1(entity) is mammal of species x2(taxon)
- lo mabru — mammal.
- i lo delfinu cu mabru — Dolphins are mammals.
- Related words: danlu, ladru, tatru, ractu, xanto, xarju
macnu — x1(entity) is manual in function x2(property of x1)
- lo macnu — manual. lo se macnu — function done manually.
- i ti noi karce cu macnu lo ka gau cenba lo ka sutra — The speed of this car is changed manually.
- Related words: zmiku, jitro
magneti — x1(entity) is magnetic in x2(property of x1)
- lo magneti — magnet.
- i le rokci cu magneti lo ka snipa lo jinme — The stone is magnetic in that it sticks to metal.
- i le rokci co'u magneti lo ka co'a glare — The stone becomes non-magnetic when being heat up.
- Related words: letri, trina, xlura
mai — turn number into numbered item or paragraph
- i pa mai la meilis ze'i se zdani ti — First, Mei Li has been living here for a short time.
- i re mai la meilis ka'e sidju ma'a — Secondly, she can help us.
- i ro mai la meilis cu stati nixli — Lastly, she is a smart girl.
- Comment: suffix of a number that marks a paragraph or item when they are ordered.
makcu — x1(entity) is mature in x2(property of x1)
- lo makcu — mature.
- i le nanmu cu simlu lo ka makcu lo ka seksi — The man seems to be mature in his sexuality.
- Related words: cifnu, ninmu, verba, banro, farvi, nanmu
makfa — x1(clause) is magic or supernatural to x2(entity) performed by x3(entity)
- lo makfa — magical event. lo te makfa — wizard, magician.
- i lo nu le ractu cu canci cu makfa le verba la djon — The disappearance of the rabbit performed by John was magical for the child.
- Related words: krici, marvele
malsi — x1(entity) is a church, temple of people x2(entity)
- lo malsi — church, temple.
- i ti malsi lo budjo — This is a Buddhist temple.
- Related words: cevni, krici, lijda, ritli
mamta — x1(entity) is a mother of x2(entity)
- lo mamta — mother. lo se mamta — child of a mother.
- i lo mamta be do pu zukte ma ca lo nu do mo'u klama lo zdani — What was your mother doing when you got home?
- Related words: patfu, sovda, rirni, rorci, tarbi, famti, bersa, jbena
manfo — x1(entity) is uniform, homogeneous in x2(property of x1)
- lo manfo — uniform, homogeneous.
- i le bukpu ca manfo lo ka se tengu — The cloth is uniform in texture.
- Related words: vrici, prane, curve, ranji, vitno, stodi, dikni, sampu, traji
mango — x1(entity) is a mango of variety x2(taxon)
- lo mango — mango.
- i mi pu no roi citka lo mango — I have never eaten mangoes.
- Related words: grute
manku — x1(entity) is dark
- lo manku — dark.
- i le kumfa cu manku — The room is dark.
- Related words: blabi, gusni, ctino, kandi, xekri, ctino
manri — x1(entity) is a standard for observing x2(entity) with rules x3(property of x1)
- lo manri — standard.
- i mi manri lo nu ma kau ba jinga vau lo ka jdice ma kau — I'm the standard of determining of who will win, however I decide that will be so.
- i tu noi ve'i cmana ba manri lo nu zgana le tumla — That hill will be the reference frame for observing the land.
- Related words: ckilu, merli, pajni, cimde, jdice, marde
mansa — x1(entity) satisfies x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo mansa — satisfying. lo se mansa — satisfied.
- i lo zdani be mi cu mansa mi lo ka tcini bu'u ce'u — I'm satisfied with the conditions in my house.
- Related words: pajni
manti — x1(entity) is an ant of species x2(taxon)
- lo manti — ant.
- i lo sakta cu trina lo manti — Sugar attracts ants.
- Related words: cinki, blato
mapku — x1(entity) is a hat, helmet
- lo mapku — hat, helmet.
- i ai mi dasni lo mapku — I'm going to put on a hat.
- Related words: taxfu, stedu, drudi
mapni — x1(entity) is some cotton
- lo mapni — cotton.
- i le mapni cu zabna — The cotton is of high quality.
- Related words: bukpu
mapti — x1(entity) is compatible with or matches x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo mapti — compatible, proper (fitting).
- i lo se cusku be do na mapti lo se cusku be lo jatna pe do lo ka se smuni — Your words are inconsistent in meaning with what your boss said.
- i ti ckiku lo na mapti be ti noi stela — This is a key incompatible with this lock.
- i ta mapti lo zabna lo ka jai se djica mi — That is exactly what I want.
- Related words: satci, tugni, sarxe, drani, tarmi, ckini, mintu
marbi — x1(entity) is a shelter protecting x2(entity) against threat x3(property of x2)
- lo marbi — shelter, haven, refuge, retreat, harbor.
- i mi pu jai se bapli fai lo ka se marbi pa laldo dinju fi lo ka cilmo — I had to take shelter in an old building in order not to become wet.
- Related words: bandu, ckape, snura, drudi, sepli, bitmu, gacri
marce — x1(entity) is a vehicle for carrying x2(entity)
- lo marce — vehicle. lo se marce — passenger.
- i ti marce lo se vecnu — This is a vehicle for carrying goods.
- i ti marce ge lo se vecnu na'o ku gi lo remna ca'a ku — This is a vehicle intended to transport goods but actually used for transporting people.
- Comment: karce and carce are designed to be with wheels, marce isn't and is more generic.
- Related words: klama, matra, bevri, bloti, carce, karce, xislu, sabnu, skiji
marde — x1(property of x2) is the ethics of performer x2(entity)
- lo marde — ethics, morals, moral standards, ethical standards.
- i lo ka zukte lo se cpedu be lo bilma cu marde ei do — Doing what the ill person asks should be you ethics.
- Related words: palci, vrude, lijda, manri, javni, tarti, zekri
margu — x1(entity) is a quantity of mercury
- lo margu — mercury.
- i xu lo margu cu jinme — Is mercury a metal?
- Related words: jinme
marji — x1(entity) is material of composition x2(entity) in shape x3(entity)
- lo marji — material, stuff, matter. lo se marji — composition of matter. lo te marji — shape of matter.
- i ti noi nanba cu marji lo mraji lo bliku — This bread is made of rye and has the form of a block.
- Related words: morna, mucti, nejni, tarmi, dacti
marna — x1(entity) is a quantity of hemp of species x2(taxon)
- lo marna — hemp.
- i ti skori lo marna — This is a cable made of hemp.
- Related words: skori, tanko, sigja, xukmi
marvele — x1(entity) is marvelous, astonishing to x2(entity)
- lo marvele — marvelous.
- i lo bu'u stuzi cu marvele mi — This place is marvelous to me.
- Related words: melbi
marxa — x1(entity) crushes or smashes x2(entity) into x3(entity)
- i mi pu marxa lo patlu lo pesxu — I made mashed potatoes.
- Related words: daspo, pesxu, zalvi, bapli
masno — x1(entity) is slow at doing x2(property of x1)
- lo masno — slow.
- i le verba ca simlu lo ka masno lo ka cadzu — The child seems to be slow at walking.
- Related words: sutra
masti — x1(clause) is x2(number) months long
- lo masti — month-long event.
- i lo lidne dunra cu masti li ci — The past winter lasted for 3 months.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one month in duration
- Related words: detri, djedi, jeftu, nanca
matci — x1(entity) is a mat or pad
- lo matci — mat, pad.
- i ko jai mosra lo cutci pe do le matci — Wipe your shoes on the mat.
- Related words: kicne, tapla, karda, ckana
matli — x1(entity) is some flax, linen
- lo matli — linen.
- i ti noi creka cu matli — This shirt is linen.
- Related words: bukpu
matne — x1(entity) is some butter
- lo matne — butter.
- i mi pu citka pa snuji be lo matne bei lo nanba — I ate a sandwich with butter and bread.
- Related words: grasu, kruji
matra — x1(entity) is an engine driving x2(entity)
- lo matra — engine.
- i ti noi karce cu se matra lo vlipa — This car has a powerful engine.
- Related words: marce, minji, carce
mau [preposition from zmadu] — with ... doing more, with ... being more
- i nelci do fa mi ne mau ku'i la alis — I like you but Alice likes you more.
- Comment: the clause itself describes the comparison.
mau'i [right scalar particle] — shows stronger intensity of interjection or interjection modifier
- i ua do ti zvati i ua mau'i ji'a la alis ti zvati — Wow, you are here. Wow, wow, Alice is here too!
- Comment: usually specifies an intensity of an interjection stronger than the intensity of the same interjection earlier used.
- Related words: dau'i, mau'i, me'ai, cu'i, sai, ru'e
mavji — x1(entity) is some oats of species x2(taxon)
- lo mavji — oats.
- i ze'u ku lo mavji gau ralju cidja lo xirma — Oats have long been the main food for horses.
- Related words: gurni
maxri — x1(entity) is some wheat of species x2(taxon)
- lo maxri — wheat.
- i lo nanba cu se zbasu fi lo maxri — Bread is made of wheat.
- Related words: gurni
me — x1 is among the referents of ... (a noun follows)
- i xu do me lo ctuca — Are you a teacher?
me'ai [right scalar particle] — shows weaker intensity of interjection or interjection modifier
- i ua do tsuku doi la alis i ua me'ai ro drata ti zvati ji'a — Wow, you arrived, Alice! Oh well, the others are here too.
- Comment: usually specifies an intensity of an interjection weaker than the intensity of the same interjection earlier used.
- Related words: dau'i, mau'i, me'ai, cu'i, sai, ru'e
me'i [digit/number] — less than ... (number follows)
- i me'i mu prenu ca zutse bu'u le kumfa — There are less than five people sitting in the room now.
me'o — turn number into text
- i ko catke la'e me'o so pa pa — Dial 911!
- i me'o pa re ci — 123 (as a text).
- Comment: marks the following sequence of numbers as a text.
me'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: me
mebri — x1(entity) is a forehead of x2(entity)
- lo mebri — forehead, brow.
- i le fetsi pu se mebri lo kalri — She had a forehead open.
- Related words: stedu, flira
megdo — x1(entity) is a million of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i mi ponse lo megdo be lo rupnu be li ci — I own three million dollars.
- i e'o do cuxna fi lo pixra poi klani lo megdo be li su'e pa bei lo ka se bitni li bi — Please choose an image that does not exceed 1 Megabyte.
- Related words: centi
mei [verb] — turn number into verb denoting quantity
- i mi'o re mei — You and I are two.
- i pa mei lo nabmi — It is one of the problems.
- i le vo mei pu klama le kumfa — The four entered the room.
- Comment: x1(entity) are (n) in number and are among x2(entity). The number (n) is put in front of mei.
- Related words: cmima, gunma, moi
mekso — x1(text) is a mathematical expression under rules x2(proposition)
- lo mekso — math expression.
- i lu li vo du li re su'i re li'u mekso la lojban — li vo du li resu'i re is a mathematical expression in Lojban.
- i zoi cy.(x+15&~15).cy. mekso lo bangu poi du la c — "(x+15&~15)" is a mathematical expression in C language.
- Related words: cmaci, dilcu, fancu, frinu, jalge, namcu, parbi, pilji
melbi — x1(entity) is beautiful to observer x2(entity) in aspect x3(property of x1)
- lo melbi — beautiful.
- i le ninmu cu melbi mi lo ka se catlu — For me the woman is beautiful to look at.
- Related words: pluka, xamgu
menli — x1(clause) is a mind of body x2(entity)
- lo menli — mind.
- i lo menli be lo smani cu simsa lo menli be lo remna — The mind of monkeys is similar to the one of humans.
- Comment: ability of being aware of things and of rational thought.
- Related words: intele, besna, morji, mucti, pensi, sanji, xanri, sevzi, xadni
mensi — x1(entity) is a sister of x2(entity) by bond x3(property of x1)
- lo mensi — sister. lo se mensi — sibling of a sister.
- i do mensi mi lo ka se patfu — You are my brother since we are born from the same father.
- Related words: bruna, tunba, tamne, famti
mentu — x1(clause) is x2(number) minutes long
- lo mentu — minute-long event.
- i le nu penmi cu mentu be li ji'i xa no — The meeting is approximately 60 minutes long.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one minute in duration
- Related words: junla, cacra, snidu, tcika
merko — x1(entity) is U.S. American in x2(property of x1)
- lo merko — American (of the United States).
- i mi'a pu rinsa le pa merko — We greeted the American.
- Related words: bemro, ketco, glico
merli — x1(entity) measures x2(entity) as x3(number) units on scale x4(property of x2 and x3) with accuracy x5(number)
- lo merli — measurer. lo se merli — measured.
- i mi merli le jubme li pa lo ka mitre vau li pi pa — I measured the length of the table as 1 meter with accuracy 0.1 meters.
- Related words: kancu, rupnu, fepni, dekpu, gutci, minli, bunda, ckilu, gradu, satci, cimde, kramu, manri, centi
mi [pronoun] — I (the speaker or the speakers)
- i mi gleki — I'm happy.
mi'a [pronoun] — we without you
- i mi'a pu casnu do — We were discussing you.
- Comment: mi'ai is a more vague pronoun.
mi'ai [pronoun] — we (at least two persons including at least one of the speakers)
- i mi'ai se rai troci — We try our best.
- i mi'ai djuno lo krinu — We know the reason.
- i da mi'ai nabmi — We have a problem.
- Comment: English we. mi'a, mi'o and ma'a are more specific cases of mi'ai.
mi'e [vocative] — I am ... (self-identification of the speaker), mi'e nai — I am not (denial of the speaker's identity)
- i coi mi'e la gleki — Hello, I'm La Gleki.
- i lu coi la kevin li'u lu mi'e nai la kevin li'u — "Hello, Kevin!" "I'm not Kevin."
mi'i [conjunction] — from center of ... and of distance ... around
- i lo za'u flora cu zvati lo cmana mi'i lo ki'otre be li ci — The flowers are present on the mountain and three kilometers around of it.
mi'o [pronoun] — you and I (the speaker and the listener)
- i mi'o ba renvi — You and I will survive.
- Comment: mi'ai is a more vague pronoun.
mi'u [interjection] — ditto (the same thing) — another one
- i mi pu zukte ra mi'u — I did the same thing.
- i mi pu lebna pa cukta gi'e dunda pa cukta mi'u nai la alis — I took a book and gave another one to Alice.
- Related words: mintu, bi'u nai, le, ri, ra
midju — x1(entity) is in the middle of x2(entity)
- lo midju — middle.
- i ra pu sanli bu'u lo midju be le dargu — He was standing in the middle of the road.
- Comment: lo midju is center point, lo centero is central subset (of a set or territory), lo kernelo is core.
- Related words: lanxe, jbini, nutli, snuji, milxe, denmi, ralju
mifra — x1(entity, text) is an encoded x2(entity, text) made using cipher x3(property of x1 and x2, has two places for ce'u)
- lo mifra — encrypted text. lo se mifra — not encrypted text. lo te mifra — cipher for encryption.
- i zoi .mifr.cni rni dn.mifr. mifra lu coi ro do li'u lo ka me'o o bu pe ce'u se basti me'o ny pe ce'u — cni rni dn is an encoded Lojban phrase coi ro do where n is a replacement for o.
- i zo coi mifra lo nu rinsa vau lo bangu — coi is a greeting encoded in language.
- Related words: mipri, lerfu, sinxa
mikce — x1(entity) cures or treats x2(entity) for disease x3(clause) ; x1 is a doctor
- lo mikce — doctor. lo se mikce — patient (being cured). lo te mikce — ailment treated, disease cured.
- i le mikce pu minde mi lo ka sipna — The doctor ordered me to sleep.
- i lo mamta be mi pu mikce mi tu'a lo bekpi be mi ta'i lo ka punji lo jduli — My mother treated my ill back by applying an ointment.
- Comment: the process of treatment can be described using ta'i or tadji.
- Related words: bilma, kanro, spita
mikri — x1(entity) is a millionth of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i le jurme cu mikri lo mitre be li re boi lo ka ganra — The microbe is 2 micrometers wide.
- Related words: centi
milti — x1(entity) is a thousandth of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i le jubme cu milti lo mitre be li bi no no lo ka ganra — The table is 800 millimeters wide.
- Related words: centi
milxe — x1(entity) is mild in x2(property of x1)
- lo milxe — mild.
- i le djacu cu milxe lo ka glare — The water is warm (not hot).
- i mi milxe lo ka tatpi — I'm tired to a moderate degree.
- Related words: mutce, traji, kandi, ruble, midju, nutli, ralci
minde — x1(entity) commands or orders x2(entity) to do x3(property of x2)
- lo minde — commander. lo se minde — commanded. lo te minde — command (order).
- i le turni pu minde mi lo ka klama ca lo drani — The manager ordered me to come on time.
- Related words: lacri, te bende, jatna, ralju, jitro, turni, tinbe
minji — x1(entity) is a machine for function x2(clause)
- lo minji — machine. lo se minji — function of a machine.
- i ti minji lo nu cpacu lo djacu vau lo xance — This is a hand-controlled apparatus for getting water.
- Comment: cabra is for devices controlled by external force, minji is for machines working automatically, zmiku is for robots in general.
- Related words: cabra, matra, tutci, zukte, pilno, skami
minli — x1(entity) is x2(number) long distance units in standard x3(property of x1)
- i le dargu cu minli li re lo ka ki'otre — The road is two kilometers long.
- Comment: describes measurement of an object in one dimension. x3 desribes the scale that might not be metric. gutci is used in the same way but for subjectively large objects.
- Related words: gutci, clani, ganra, rotsu, condi, mitre, dekpu, merli, bunda, kramu
minra — x1(entity) reflects or echoes x2(entity) to observer x3(entity) as x4(entity)
- lo se minra — reflected, echoed.
- i lo djacu pu minra lo gusni be fi la sol la alis lo marvele barna — Water reflected the sunlight that Alice could see as marvelous spots.
- i le bitmu so'i roi minra lo sance — The wall echoes the sound several times.
- Related words: catlu, viska, lenjo, pensi
mintu — x1(entity) is identical to x2(entity) ; x1 is x2
- lo mintu — identical.
- i tu noi nanmu gi'e dasni lo pelxu cu mintu lo patfu be do — That man wearing yellow is your father.
- Comment: the same meaning as du but only has two places. For equality use dunli.
- Related words: panra, satci, mapti, simsa, drata, dunli, du, simxu
mipri — x1(entity) keeps x2(entity) hidden from x3(entity)
- lo se mipri — concealed, hidden.
- i mi pu mipri le torta le verba — I hid the pie from the child.
- Related words: stace, mifra, sivni, djuno, cirko, jarco
mirli — x1(entity) is a deer of species x2(taxon)
- lo mirli — deer.
- i co'a lo ka jbena vau lo mirli cu kakne lo ka sanli — A baby deer can stand as soon as it is born.
- Related words: mabru, danlu
misno — x1(clause) is famous among x2(entity)
- lo misno — famous.
- i la su'o da cu jai misno lo pilno be la lojban — Someone (having such a name) is famous among Lojban speakers.
- i lo lisri be lo nu pa lo ralju dinju cu se darxi so'o vlipa dacti pu traji lo ka misno lo xabju be lo bu'u gugde — The story of one of the main buildings being hit by some powerful objects was one of the most famous events for people of this country.
- i la kevin co'a jai misno fai lo ka finti lo cfika — Kevin became famous as an author of fiction.
- i la kevin pu zenba lo ka jai misno fai lo ka finti lo cfika — Kevin rose to fame by writing fiction.
- Related words: se sinma, banli
mitre — x1(entity) is x2(number) meters in x3(property of x1)
- i ti noi tanxe cu mitre li pa lo ka clani — This box is one meter in length.
- Related words: centi
mitysisku — x1(entity) searches for x2(entity) among x3(entity)
- lo mitysisku — searcher.
- i mi mitysisku lo sunla skaci lo nenri be lo vi kumfa — I'm looking for a woolen skirt among things in this room.
- Related words: cirko, kalte, kavbu, kucli, rivbi, marvele, facki
mixre — x1(entity) is a mixture including x2(group of same type as x1)
- lo mixre — mixture. lo se mixre — ingredient of a mixture.
- i lo vacri cu mixre so'o gapci — Air is a mixture of several gases.
- Related words: salta, te runta, stasu, jicla, sanso
mlana — x1(entity) is to the side of x2(entity)
- lo mlana — lateral.
- i le tanxe cu mlana le bitmu — The box is to the side of the wall.
- Related words: lamji, cpana, galtu
mlatu — x1(entity) is a cat of species x2(taxon)
- lo mlatu — cat.
- i lo ka kucli cu catra lo mlatu — Curiosity killed the cat.
- i mi ralte pa mlatu e pa gerku — I keep a cat and a dog.
- Comment: Also applies to feline animals like tigers, lions.
- Related words: bramlatu, cinfo, ratcu, gerku
mleca — x1(entity) is less than x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2 with kau) by amount x4(entity)
- lo mleca — less. lo se mleca — more.
- i pe'i lo tcati cu mleca lo ckafi lo ka kukte vau lo mutce — I think tea is much less tasty than coffee.
- Related words: se me'a, me'i, su'o, jdika, zmadu, traji
mledi — x1(entity) is a mould or fungus of species x2(taxon)
- lo mledi — mould, fungus.
- i lo mledi pu sinxa lo nu le kumfa cu cilmo — Mold was a sign that the room was damp.
- Related words: clika
mligla — x1(entity) is warm
- lo mligla — warm.
- i lo vacri co'a mligla — The air became warm.
- Related words: glare, milxe, lenku
mluni — x1(entity) is a satellite orbiting x2(entity)
- lo mluni — satellite (in outer space). lo se mluni — celestial body with a satellite.
- i so'i da rutni mluni le terdi — There are many satellites orbiting the Earth.
- Related words: planeta, solri, lunra
mo [verb] — asks for a verb word (that should go into the place to which mo is put)
- i do mo — How are you?
- i la lojban cu mo — What is Lojban?
mo'a [digit/number] — too few
- i mo'a snuji cu cpana le jubme — There are too few sandwiches on the table.
- Comment: subjective estimate.
mo'i — marks event as reaching the state specified by the clause following mo'i
- i do mo'i ca'u cadzu — You walk towards my front.
- i ko catke mo'i zu'a — Push it to the left.
mo'o — turn number into numbered chapter
- i pa mo'o pu zu ku zasti fa pa nanmu e pa ninmu — Chapter 1. Long ago lived a man and a woman.
- Comment: suffix of a chapter or section number.
mo'u [preposition of aspect] — completing, being at the expected end (completive or telic aspect), mo'u nai — not having an end (incompletive or atelic aspect)
- i xu do mo'u jukpa — Are you done with cooking?
- i mi mo'u citka ro plise — I've eaten up all apples.
- i mo'u nai ku mi pu zbasu lo dinju ze'a lo masti — I built houses for a month.
moi [verb] — turn number into verb denoting ordinal position
- i lo vi cukta cu me mi moi — This book is mine.
- i mi ci moi lo pendo lo ka ce'u ce'u cinba — I kiss all but two of my friends.
- i lo cmaci cu ro moi lo saske lo ka ce'u ce'u zmadu fi lo ka jai se djica mi fai lo ka se tadni — Math is the last subject that I want to study.
- i lo vlaste cu jai pa moi fai lo ka se catlu mi — I look into a dictionary first. Dictionaries are the first I look into.
- Comment: x1(entity) is the n-th member of x2(entity) ordered by rule x3(relation between members of x2, contains two places for ce'u). The number (n) is put in front of moi. The two ce'u in the third place can specify the sequence in which members of the set are compared.
mokca — x1(entity) is a point in time or at place x2(entity)
- lo mokca — instant, moment.
- i le nu jamna cu mokca po'o lo remna citri — The war is just a point in human history.
- i le terdi cu mokca po'o le munje — The Earth is just a point in the Universe.
- Related words: jipno, jganu, linji, stuzi, tcika
moklu — x1(entity) is a mouth of x2(entity)
- lo moklu — mouth.
- i e'e kalri fa lo moklu be do — Open your mouth.
- Related words: ctebi, denci, tance
molki — x1(entity) is an industrial plant or mill performing x2(property of x1)
- lo molki — industrial plant, mill.
- i ti molki lo ka zalvi lo gurni — This is a mill grinding grain.
- Related words: gasta, gurni, tirse, fanri, zalvi
molro — x1(entity) is x2(number) moles
- i lo tabno poi grake li pa re cu molro li pa — 12 grams of carbon is one mole in amount.
- Related words: centi
monsuta — x1(entity) is a monster
- lo monsuta — monster.
- i le monsuta pu cisma tai lo ka kusru — The monster smiled in a cruel way (the monster's smile was cruel).
- Related words: cizra, danlu, terpa
morji — x1(entity) remembers x2(proposition) about subject x3(entity)
- lo se morji — remembered.
- i mi morji fi lo bu'u tcadu fe le du'u pu za lo nanca be li pa no no cu ralju tcadu lo bu'u gugde — I remember about this city that 100 years ago it was the main city of this country.
- i mi co'u morji le du'u sarcu fa lo nu mi cusku ma kau — I forgot what to say.
- Comment: morji describes memory of general knowledge (facts, concepts), vedli describes personal experience, autobiographical events, episodic memory.
- Related words: ba'a nai, menli, pensi, sanji, djuno, notci
morna — x1(entity) is a pattern of forms x2(entity group) arranged according to rule x3(proposition)
- lo morna — pattern.
- i mi nelci lo morna be lo pezli bei le du'u lo gunma be ri cu cirkulo — I like patterns of leaves that form circles.
- Related words: ciste, ganzu, marji, slilu, stura, tarmi, boxna, cimde, gidva, jimpe, rilti
morsi — x1(entity) is dead
- lo morsi — dead.
- i xo da pu co'a morsi — How many died?
- Related words: jmive, catra, betri
mosra — x1(clause) is friction due to rubbing of x2(entity) against x3(entity)
- lo mosra — friction.
- i le mlatu pu ru'i se mosra lo kerfa be mi lo milxe — The cat was mildly rubbing against my head.
- i ai mi jai gau mosra fi le jubme fe lo bukpu — I'm going to wipe the table with a cloth.
- Related words: sakli, sraku, jabre, satre, guska, pencu, spali
mraji — x1(entity) is some rye of species x2(taxon)
- lo mraji — rye.
- i ra crepu lo mraji — He is harvesting rye.
- Related words: gurni
mrilu — x1(entity) mails or posts x2(entity) to x3(entity) from x4(entity) in mail system x5(entity)
- lo mrilu — mailer. lo se mrilu — mailed. lo xe mrilu — mail system.
- i mi pu mrilu pa se dunda pa pendo pa dizlo tcana pa sivni — I mailed a present to a friend from a local post office via a private mail system.
- i mi pu mrilu pa notci fu lo kibro — I sent a message via the internet.
- Comment: in benji the medium need not be a 3rd party service/system, and x2 need not consist of discrete units.
- Related words: benji, notci, xatra, tcana
mruli — x1(entity) is a hammer for doing x2(property of x1) with head x3(entity) propelled by x4(entity)
- lo mruli — hammer. lo te mruli — head of a hammer.
- i mi ne se pi'o pa mruli pu setca pa dinko le bitmu — Using a hammer I hammered a nail into the wall.
- i ti zmiku mruli lo ka setca lo dinko se pi'o ce'u vau lo barda lo matra — This is an automatic hammer for nailing with a large head propelled by a motor.
- Related words: tutci
mu [digit/number] — 5, five
- i mu bakni pu zvati le purdi — There were 5 cows in the garden.
mu'a [interjection] — for example
- i mi nelci lo danlu noi mu'a du lo gerku e lo mlatu — I like animals like, for example, dogs and cats.
- Related words: mupli
mu'i [preposition from mukti] — with the motive of ...
- i mi pu penmi la alis mu'i lo ka ciksi ro da — I met Alice in order to explain everything.
mu'o [vocative] — I am done talking. Over. That's all I can say (in radio communications), mu'o nai — more to come ... I am not done talking
- i ro mai mi jinvi le du'u za'u cukta cu jai sarcu mu'o — Finally, I think that more books are necessary, I'm done.
- i ja'o dai le za'u sonci pu cliva le tcadu mu'o nai loi mi tadni — As you may conclude, the soldiers left the city ... no, that's not the end of the story, my students.
mu'oi — turn foreign text into verb
- i la alis cu mu'oi gy.prima donna.gy. — Alice is a prima donna.
- Comment: turns text that can be not Lojbanic into a verb. The text is to be wrapped with pauses from both sides and with an additional Lojbanic word around them from both sides (this word must not be used within the text quoted). Usually the separating words is the name of the first letter of the language of the text quoted..
- Related words: zoi, la'o, zo, lu ... li'u, lo'e, lo'u, mu'oi
mucti — x1(entity) is immaterial
- lo mucti — immaterial, not physical.
- i lo cmaci cu saske lo mucti — Mathematics studies immaterial things.
- Related words: marji, menli, pruxi, sidbo
mudri — x1(entity) is some wood from tree x2(entity)
- lo mudri — wood.
- i ti mudri lo laldo — This is wood from old trees.
- Related words: tricu, stani
mukti — x1(clause) is a motive for x2(clause) done by agent x3(entity)
- lo mukti — motive. lo te mukti — who is motivated.
- i lo ka vasxu lo vifne cu mukti fi mi fe lo ka klama se ka'a lo purdi — To breathe fresh air is my motive to go to a garden.
- i lo nu nitcu cu mukti ro nu finti — Necessity is the motive for every invention.
- i mi te mukti lo ka vitke la paris — I am going to visit Paris.
- Comment: lo te zukte is usually used for goal, te zu'e for with goal.
- Related words: mu'i, nibli, te zukte, se jalge, krinu, rinka, ciksi, djica, xlura
mulno — x1(entity) is complete, whole in property x2(property of x1)
- lo mulno — complete.
- i mi mulno lo ka na kakne lo ka tavla fo lo fraso — I can't speak French at all.
- i do mulno lo ka jai fenki — You are completely crazy.
- Related words: fanmo, culno, pagbu, xadba, prane, jalge, sumji, munje, sisti, xadni
munje — x1(entity) is a universe of x2(entity)
- lo munje — universe. lo se munje — domain of a universe.
- i la alis cu se zdani lo munje be lo se xanri be vo'a — Alice lives in the world of her fantasies.
- Related words: ciste, planeta, kensa, mulno
mupli — x1(entity) is an example of x2(property of x1) that all x3(entity) have
- lo mupli — example.
- i lo danlu pendo pe mi cu mupli lo ka ca da co'a morsi vau lo mabru — My pet is an example that at one point all mammals die.
- i ti mupli fi lo titla vanju — This is an example of sweet wine.
- i ti mupli fi lo dinju poi jai tasmi lo laldo nu enge — This is an example of old architecture among buildings.
- Related words: pixra
murta — x1(entity) is a curtain for covering x2(entity)
- lo murta — curtain. lo se murta — covered by a curtain.
- i lo dilnu cu murta lo tsani — Clouds are curtains of the sky.
- Related words: canko, vorme
muslo — x1(entity) is Islamic or Moslem in x2(property of x1)
- lo muslo — Muslim, something Islamic.
- i le za'u mei pu casnu lo flalu be fi lo muslo — They discussed Muslim law.
- Related words: jegvo, lijda
mutce — x1(entity) is extreme in x2(property of x1)
- lo mutce — extreme, very.
- i ti mutce lo ka kargu — This is very expensive.
- i mi mutce lo ka senpi — I highly doubt that.
- Related words: milxe, traji, banli, carmi, nutli
muvdu — x1(entity) moves to x2(entity) from x3(entity) over route x4(entity)
- i le prenu cu muvdu lo bartu le dinju le canko — The person is moving to the outside from the building via the window.
- i la alis ba jai gau muvdu fai le tanxe pa drata kumfa — Alice will move the box to another room.
- Comment: klama differs in that the means of motion is explicit, litru, cliva, fatri, dunda, benji is for agentive movement that does not necessarily imply alienation from origin, preja is for similar movement with no agent implied.
- Related words: rinci, klama, litru, cliva, fatri, dunda, benji, preja, bevri, vimcu
muzga — x1(entity) is a museum or zoo for preserving x2(entity)
- lo muzga — museum.
- i ai mi vitke lo muzga be lo danlu — I'm going to visit the Zoo.
- i ma stuzi le muzga be lo arte — Where is the museum of art?
- Related words: citri
my [pronoun] — m (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like my is for the last lo mlatu used.
na [preposition of truth/falsehood] — It is not true that ...
- i na ku lo speni be mi cu citno — It's not true that my wife is young.
na [2nd meaning] — left negator in conjunctions
- i la kevin pu ku prami na je cinba mi — Kevin didn't love but kissed me.
na'e [left scalar particle] — not ..., other than ... (on the scale). Modifies the construct to the right
- i na'e vajni mi — It's not important to me.
- i do ba na'e snada — You won't make it (won't succeed).
- i na'e bo mi pu zukte — Not I did it.
na'i [interjection] — the clause doesn't make sense (metalinguistic negator)
- i lu fe pa ractu ca ma fa do pu te vecnu li'u lu le ractu na'i li'u — "A rabbit, when did you buy it?" "I didn't buy a rabbit."
- i lu i do jinvi ma lo pelmeni li'u lu na'i i mi na se slabu zo pelmeni li'u — "What do you think of pelmeni?" "Nothing, I don't know this word."
- Related words: na drani
na'o [preposition of aspect] — by default
- i do na'o to'e se zdile — You are a boring person.
nabmi — x1(clause) is a problem to x2(entity)
- lo nabmi — problem.
- i lo ka ze'a denpa na nabmi mi — To wait for a while is not a problem for me.
- Related words: retsku, se cfipu, danfu, ciksi, jijnu, jinvi, nandu, pensi, sidbo, spuda, raktu
nai [1nd meaning: right scalar particle] — shows opposite meaning of interjection or interjection modifier
- i ui i ui nai — Yay! Alas!
- Comment: ui nai marks unhappiness, zo'o nai marks serious (non-humorous) remarks. Definitions of interjections and interjection modifiers contain meanings of them with nai too.
nai [2nd meaning: right scalar particle] — not, negates prepositions, pronouns
- i si'u i si'u nai — With help. Without help.
nai [3rd meaning] — placed after a connective negates the part after that connective
- i mi zgipli lo pipno gi'e nai certu — I play the piano but I'm not an expert.
najnimre — x1(entity) is an orange of species x2(entity)
- i e'o jisra lo najnimre — Orange juice, please!
- Related words: narju, nimre
nakni — x1(entity) is a male of species x2(taxon) with masculine traits x3(property of x1)
- lo nakni — male.
- i ti nakni lo mlatu lo ka se nakpinji — This is a male cat since it has a penis.
- Related words: fetsi, bersa
nakpinji — x1(entity) is a penis of x2(entity)
- lo nakpinji — penis.
- i lo nakpinji be le bakni co'i muvdu lo nenri be le vibna — The bull's penis has entered the vagina.
- Related words: seksi, gletu, vibna, plibu, vlagi, mabla, ganti
nalci — x1(entity) is a wing of x2(entity)
- lo nalci — wing. lo se nalci — winged.
- i lo nalci be le cipni cu spofu — The bird has its wing broken.
- Related words: cipni, pimlu, rebla
namcu — x1(number) is a number or value
- lo namcu — number.
- i li bi namcu — 8 is a number.
- Related words: lerfu, mekso, klani
nanba — x1(entity) is some bread
- lo nanba — bread.
- i e'o lo blabi nanba e lo matne — White bread and butter, please!
- i mi pu smaka le nanba — I tasted the bread.
- Related words: gurni, panlo, toknu
nanca — x1(clause) is x2(number) years long
- lo nanca — year-long event.
- i mi nanca li re mu — I am 25 years old.
- i mi se zdani ti ze'a lo nanca be li vo — I have been living here for 4 years.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one year in duration
- Related words: detri, djedi, jeftu, masti
nandu — x1(property of x2) is difficult or challenging for x2(entity)
- lo nandu — difficult, challenging.
- i nandu mi fa lo ka cadzu lo vi boske — It's hard for me to wade through this forest.
- Related words: frili, nabmi, jdari, talsa, tinsa
nanla — x1(entity) is a boy
- lo nanla — boy.
- i tu noi nanla cu mo — Who is that boy?
- Related words: nixli, verba, nanmu, bersa
nanmu — x1(entity) is a man
- lo nanmu — man.
- i o'i le nanmu cu jgari pa xarci — Careful, the man is holding a gun!
- Related words: ninmu, remna, prenu, makcu, nanla, bersa
nanvi — x1(entity) is 10-9 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo jgalu cu nanvi lo mitre lo ka zenba lo ka clani vau ca ro snidu — One nanometer is the length that a fingernail grows in one second.
- Related words: centi
narge — x1(entity) is a nut from plant x2(entity) with shell x3(entity) and kernel x4(entity)
- lo narge — nut. lo te narge — nut shell. lo ve narge — nut kernel.
- i ti narge pa kokso lo rotsu pa kukte — This is a coconut with a thick shell and a tasty kernel.
- Related words: grute, stagi, jbari, midju
narju — x1(entity) is orange (of color)
- lo narju — orange.
- i le solri cu narju — The sun is orange.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, xunre, pelxu, solji
natfe — x1(proposition) contradicts or denies x2(proposition)
- lo natfe — contradiction.
- i le du'u la edvard pu zvati la nipon cu natfe lo se sruma be mi — The fact that Eduard was in Japan contradicts my assumption.
- Related words: tolna'e, nibli, tugni, zanru, xusra
natmi — x1(entity) is nation or ethnic group of people x2(entity)
- lo natmi — nation.
- i lo se natmi be ma cu se zdani lo vi se kuspe — People of what nationality live in this area?
- i do se natmi ma — What is your nationality?
- Related words: jecta, kulnu, lanzu, gugde, bangu, cecmu
navni — x1(entity) is a quantity of inert gas
- lo navni — inert gas.
- i la argon cu navni — Argon is an inert gas.
- Related words: xukmi, gapci
naxle — x1(entity) is a channel, canal to x2(entity) from x3(entity) with the route x4(entity)
- lo naxle — channel, canal.
- i da jdika naxle pa lalxe pa rirxe lo flora foldi — There is a narrow channel to a pool from a river, it goes through flower fields.
- Related words: flu'ente, klama, pluta, rirxe, klaji, dargu
nazbi — x1(entity) is a nose of x2(entity)
- lo nazbi — nose.
- i lo nazbi be do cu lenku — Your have a cold nose.
- Related words: degji, panci, sumne, tance
ne — which is about ... (a noun follows)
- i mi pu cusku no da pe le nabmi — I said nothing about the problem.
- i mi ne se mau do cu clani — I'm taller than you.
ne'a [preposition of place] — next to ..., beside ... (near)
- i mi ca zvati ne'a le tcana — I'm near the station.
ne'i [preposition of place] — inside of ..., adverb: within
- i lo vacri ca lenku ne'i lo zdani be mi — The air is cold inside my house.
- i xu do kakne lo ka viska ne'i lo manku — Can you see in the dark?
nei [verb] — copies the current clause
- i mi ca'o lumci lo nei — I'm washing myself.
- i do zbasu no da lo se nei — You are making nothing out of nothing.
- Comment: lo nei refers to the first place of the current clause, lo se nei to the second etc.
nejni — x1(entity) is energy of x2(property of x3) of object x3(entity)
- lo nejni — energy. lo se nejni — type of energy. lo te nejni — form of energy.
- i ba barda fa lo nejni be lo ka muvdu bei ti noi rokci — It will consume a lot of energy to move this rock.
- Related words: marji, tarmi, kantu, lazni, livla
nelci — x1(entity) likes x2(clause)
- lo nelci — fancier. lo se nelci — liked.
- i mi nelci ro nu do cusku lo simsa — I like whenever you say such things.
- i mi nelci lo ckafi ne se mau — I prefer coffee.
- Comment: prami is for to love, nelci is for to like.
- Related words: cinmo, djica, pluka, prami, rigni, sinma, trina, xebni, cuxna, pendo
nenri — x1(entity) is inside x2(entity)
- lo nenri — inner. lo se nenri — outer.
- i rau finpe cu nenri lo vi rirxe — There are plenty of fish in this river.
- i le ctuca pu klama lo nenri — The teacher came in.
- i mi pu punji fi lo nenri be lo minji be lo nu lenku — I put it into the fridge.
- Comment: se vasru is for containment that need not be total.
- Related words: se vasru, jbini, zvati, cpana, sruri, senta, snuji, bartu, diklo, jibni, jinru, setca
ni'a [preposition of cardinal direction] — down from ..., adverb: under
- i gau ko stodi ni'a loi papri — Keep it under papers.
ni'i [preposition from nibli] — logically because ..., adverb: with logical implications
- i do srera fau lo ka pilno lo datni pe mi i ni'i bo u'u mi pu te mu'i nai smusku lo jitfa — You are wrong when using my data just because (sorry!) I unintentionally said a false thing.
ni'o [paragraph break] — starts a new topic
- i mi ze'u na tavla do ni'o ei mi ca cliva — I haven't talked to you in a long time. Well, now I should leave.
- Comment: used to start paragraphs in written text.
ni'u [digit/number] — minus sign (number follows; by default any negative)
- i li ni'u ci du li re vu'u mu — '-3 = 2 - 5'.
nibli — x1(proposition) implies x2(proposition)
- i da zo'u lo ka djica da cu nibli lo ka claxu da — Wanting something implies lacking it.
- i lo ka frili na nibli lo ka xamgu — Being easy doesn't imply that it is good.
- Related words: natfe, rinka, mukti, krinu, ni'i, jalge, logji
nicte — x1(entity) happens during nighttime of day x2(entity)
- lo nicte — night-time.
- i a'o pluka nicte — Good night! (a well-wish)
- i ca lo nicte be lo cabdei mi ba zvati le boske — Tonight I will be in the forest.
- Related words: donri, djedi, tcika
nikle — x1(entity) is a quantity of nickel
- lo nikle — nickel.
- i lo nikle cu me lo jinme poi jdari gi'e se romge — Nickel is a hard metal with reflective surface.
- Related words: jinme
nilce — furniture x1(entity) furnishes x2(entity) serving the function x3(proposition)
- lo nilce — furniture.
- i lo za'u vi te gusni cu nilce le kumfa le du'u ri jai zdile — These light sources furnishes the room making it amusing.
- Related words: ckana, jubme, sfofa, stizu, dacru
nimre — x1(entity) is a piece of citrus fruit of species x2(taxon)
- lo nimre — citrus.
- i ti noi nimre cu kukte gi'i kurki — Is this citrus sweet or bitter?
- Related words: grute, slari, slami, xukmi
ninmu — x1(entity) is a woman
- lo ninmu — woman.
- i pa melbi ninmu poi se kerfa lo pelxu pu cadzu bu'u le panka — A pretty woman with yellow hair was walking in the park.
- Related words: nanmu, remna, prenu, makcu, nixli
nirna — x1(entity) is a nerve or neuron of x2(entity)
- lo nirna — nerve.
- i lo nirna be pa degji be mi cu spofu — Nerves in my finger don't work.
- Related words: ve benji
nitcu — x1(entity) needs x2(clause, property of x1) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo nitcu — in need.
- i mi nitcu lo ka volta lo zdani vau lo ka cpacu lei ckiku — I need to return home to get the keys.
- Comment: nitcu is to be in need, sarcu is is necessary, is a requirement
- Related words: banzu, cidja, claxu, pindi, xebni, sarcu, lacri, djica, taske, xagji
nivji — x1(entity) knits x2(entity) from yarn x3(entity)
- lo te nivji — yarn for knitting.
- i le nixli cu nivji pa creka lo lanme sunla — The girl is knitting a sweater from fleece.
- Related words: cilta, fenso, jivbu, pijne
nixli — x1(entity) is a girl
- lo nixli — girl.
- i le nixli cu cisma fa'a mi — The girl smiled at me.
- Related words: nanla, verba, ninmu
no [digit/number] — 0, zero
- i no bramlatu ca zvati le boske — There are no big cats in the forest.
no'a [verb] — copies the outer clause in which the current one is embedded excluding sei-clauses
- i xu la alis cu zukte lo se nupre be lo no'a — Does Alice keep her words?
- i mi gleki lo nu no'a — I'm happy because I'm happy.
no'e [left scalar particle] — middle on the scale. Modifies the construct to the right
- i le creka cu no'e cmalu — The shirt is medium in size.
- i mi no'e certu tu'a la lojban — I'm fine in Lojban, neither a newbie, nor an expert.
- i lo vacri ca no'e glare — It's neither cold, nor hot now, it's in between.
no'i [paragraph break] — resumes the previous topic
- i do zenba lo ka certu tu'a la lojban no'i mi jinvi le du'u lo jufra pe do na mulno drani — You are becoming more and more proficient in Lojban. Back to the previous topic, I think your sentence wasn't fully correct.
no'o [digit/number] — typical/average value
- i mi se degji no'o da — I have a usual number of fingers.
nobli — x1(entity) is noble in x2(property of x1)
- lo nobli — noble.
- i le nixli cu nobli lo ka tarti — The girl is aristocratic in her behavior.
- i mi nobli lo ka jbena ma kau — I am noble by birth.
- Related words: banli
noi — turn clause into incidental relative clause
- i mi nelci pa ninmu noi mi ta'e zgana bu'u lo panka — I like a woman, whom I habitually see in the park.
- i mi nelci pa ninmu — I like a woman.
- i mi tavla do noi mi prami ke'a — I'm talking to you whom I love.
- Comment: who, which. Starts relative clause that only adds additional information.
nolraitru — x1(entity) is a monarch (king or queen) of x2(entity)
- lo nolraitru — king, queen, monarch, regent.
- i xu do nolraitru le munje — Are you the king of the world?
- Related words: turni, catni, minde, tutra, jecta, gugde, ponse, jitro
notci — x1(entity, text) is a notice about x2(entity)
- lo notci — message. lo se notci — subject of a message.
- i mi pu cusku fi lo jatna fe lu mi'a nu'o djuno li'u noi notci lo cipra — I made a statement to the boss about the experiment: "We don't know yet."
- i le turni ba cusku pa notci be lo cnino jikni — The governor will announce a new economic system.
- Comment: skicu is to tell, cusku is to say, tavla is to talk, cusku lo notci is to notify.
- Related words: xatra, nuzba, mrilu, morji
nu [clause prefix] — turn clause into verb
- i mi gleki lo nu do klama — I am happy that you came.
- i lo nu prami cu nu gunka — Loving is working.
- Comment: x1 (clause) is the state, process described in the clause that follows.
nu bu — refers to the last nu-clause used
- i mi djica lo nu do kansa mi i xu nu bu cumki — I want you to accompany me. Is this possible?
nu'e [vocative] — I promise, nu'e cu'i — No promises, nu'e nai — I take my promise back
- i mi ba no roi zukte lo simsa za'u re'u vau nu'e do — I will never do that again, I promise you.
- i nu'e cu'i do mi ba troci — I'll try, but I don't promise anything.
- i nu'e nai do i se la'u li du'e tilju — I take my promise back, it's too heavy.
nu'o [preposition of potential] — possibly can but actually not ...
- i mi nu'o zvati tu noi panka — I have never been to the park over there.
- i mi nu'o snada — I haven't succeeded yet.
- Comment: not necessarily innately capable, describes what can potentially happen but actually hasn't (has happened zero times).
nudle — x1(entity) is a noodle
- lo nudle — noodles.
- i mi pu citka lo stasu poi vasru lo nudle — I ate a soup with noodles.
- i mi pu citka lo nudle ca lo cabdei pa re'u — Today was the first time I ate noodles.
- Related words: nanba, skori, gurni, panlo, toknu
nukni — x1(entity) has magenta color
- lo nukni — magenta (color).
- i le flora cu nukni — The flower has a magenta color.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, xunre, zirpu
nupre — x1(entity) promises or threatens of x2(property of x1) to x3(entity)
- lo se nupre — promised.
- i mi pu nupre fi la alis lo ka sidju ri va'o lo nu ri smaji — I made Alice a promise to help her on condition that she keeps silence.
- Related words: kajde, xusra
nurma — x1(entity) is a countryside, rural area of x2(entity)
- lo nurma — countryside.
- i le nurma cu jai pluka — The countryside is pleasant.
- Related words: jarbu, rarna, tcadu, cange
nutli — x1(entity) is neutral in x2(property of x1)
- lo nutli — neutral.
- i la lojban cu nutli lo ka ma kau mapti ce'u lo ka traji fi lo kulnu — Lojban is neutral in terms of what culture matches it best.
- Related words: midju, lanxe, milxe, mutce, no'e
nuzba — x1(proposition) is news about x2(entity) from x3(entity) to observer x4(entity)
- lo nuzba — news.
- i ma nuzba — What's up? What are the news?
- i no da nuzba fi mi fo do — No news from me for you.
- i lo nuzba be le tcini pu se terpa — News about the situation were frightening.
- i nuzba fa lo nu mi pu te vecnu pa fonxa — The news are that I bought a phone.
- i le du'u no da nuzba cu xamgu nuzba — No news are good news.
- Related words: cnino, notci
ny [pronoun] — n (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like ny is for the last lo nobli used.
o [conjunction for nouns] — both or none
- i la alis o la kevin cu lumci lo kumfa — Either both Alice and Kevin clean a room or neither of them do.
- Related words: jo, a, e, ji, o, u
o bu [pronoun] — o (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like o bu is for the last lo omle used.
o nai [conjunction for nouns] — either ... or ...
- i do o nai mi lumci le kumfa — Either you clean the room or I do.
- Related words: jo, a, e, ji, o, u
o'a [interjection] — pride, o'a cu'i — modesty/humility, o'a nai — How embarrassing. It makes me ashamed.
- i o'a ca ti mi kakne lo ka limna — Now I am able to swim.
- i mi pu bilga o'a cu'i i fe bo mi sidju — It was just my duty, so I helped.
- i o'a nai la alis nu'o bredi — What a shame, Alice is not ready yet.
- i o'a nai se'i mi pu mrilu fi pa na drani — Oops, I mailed to a wrong address.
- Related words: jgira, cumla, ckeji
o'e [interjection] — intimacy, closeness, rapport, o'e nai — distance
- i o'e mi do ba kansa lo ka vitke lo mikce — I'll go with you to see the doctor.
- i o'e nai doi lo dirba mi na djuno — Dear, I don't know.
- i o'e nai mi pensi — Leave me alone, I'm thinking.
- Related words: kansa
o'i [interjection] — Danger! (caution), o'i nai — rashness, recklessness
- i o'i pa karce ca crane — Be careful, a car ahead!
- i o'i nai gunta — Go ahead, attack!
- Related words: kajde, ckape
o'o [interjection] — Patience!, o'o cu'i — mere tolerance, o'o nai — impatience, intolerance
- i o'o ko za'u re'u troci — Patience, try again!
- i o'o cu'i ma pu mukti fi do — Ok, what was your motive to do it?
- i o'o nai le mamta ca zvati ma — Where is the mother after all?
- Related words: fengu, steba, denpa
o'u [interjection] — Phew! (relaxation), o'u cu'i — composure, balance, sobriety, phlegm, o'u nai — stress, anxiety
- i o'u ba'o vlile tcima — Phew, the storm is over.
- i o'u cu'i mi pu tinbe lo se flalu — I followed the law.
- i o'u nai lo bersa be mi za'o na volta — My son is still not back.
- Related words: surla, dunku
oi [interjection] — Darn! Ouch! Hmph (complaint), oi nai — pleasure
- i mi tuple oi — Ouch, my leg!
- i oi nai vifne djacu — Fresh water, how nice.
- Related words: pante, pluka, kufra
omle — x1(entity) is an omelet containing x2(entity)
- lo omle — omelette, omelet.
- i mi ba citka lo omle be lo sovda jo'u lo tamca — I will eat an omelette made with eggs and tomatoes.
- Comment: use ce to specify components of the omelette in x2.
- Related words: torta, sanmi, salta, nanba, sovda, ladru
pa [digit/number] — 1, one
- i pa planeta cu xamgu loi remna — There is one planet for humanity.
pa'a [preposition from panra] — otherwise equal to ..., adverb: similarly
- i le ninmu ne pa'a la alis cu se kanla lo crino — The woman is like Alice except that the woman has green eyes.
- Comment: the clause itself describes the only difference between nouns compared.
pa'e [interjection] — Speaking impartially, pa'e nai — prejudice
- i pa'e le stasu cu xlali — In my unbiased opinion, the soup is terrible.
- i pa'e nai lo za'u pixra poi mi finti cu traji lo ka zabna — Of course, I'm biased, but my paintings are the best.
- Related words: vrude, nutli, pajni
pa'o [preposition of place] — passing through ...
- i ta'i da do pu pu'i limna pa'o le rirxe — Somehow, you were able to swim across the river.
pacna — x1(entity) hopes for x2(clause) estimating its likelihood as x3(number: from 0 to 1)
- lo se pacna — hope (expected event).
- i mi pacna fi li so'a fe lo nu solri ba zi — I hope it will be sunny soon.
- i mi pacna fi li so'u fe lo nu do klama — I wish you came.
- Related words: djica
pagbu — x1(entity) is a part or piece of x2(entity)
- lo pagbu — part.
- i lo risna cu pagbu lo xadni — Heart is a part of body.
- Related words: mulno, xadba, spisa, gunma, rafsi
pagre — x1(entity) penetrates barrier x2(entity) to destination x3(entity) from origin x4(entity)
- i le trene mo'u pagre le manku kevna pa nurma lo jarbu — The train passed the dark hole to reach a rural area from the suburbs of the city.
- Related words: bitmu, denci, ganlo, kalri, vorme, pluta, canko, ragve
pai [digit/number] — number pi (approximately 3.14159)
- i li pai du li ji'i ci pi pa vo pa mu so — The number π (pi) is approximately 3.14159.
- i lo nenri be lo cirkulo be li re pi'i ry cu klani li pai pi'i ry te'o re — The area of a circle of diameter "2 × r" is equal to π × r2.
pajni — x1(entity) judges matter x2(proposition)
- lo pajni — judge. lo se pajni — matter judged.
- i le te cange pu pajni le du'u xu kau lo grute cu makcu — The farmer was deciding whether fruits were ripe.
- Comment: pajni is for judging matters, jdice is for actual decisions, cuxna is for deciding (choosing) on something out of options.
- Related words: cuxna, jdice, vajni, cipra, zekri, manri, mansa
palci — x1(entity) is immoral, evil by standard x2(proposition)
- lo palci — wicked, evil, immoral.
- i pu se palci do fa lo ka lebna lo jdini — It was wicked of you to take money.
- Related words: zekri, vrude, xlali, marde, mabla
palku — x1(entity) is a pair of pants or trousers
- lo palku — trousers, pants.
- i xu do ca dasni lo palku — Are you wearing trousers?
- Related words: taxfu, pastu, skaci
palma — x1(entity) is a palm tree of species x2(taxon)
- lo palma — palm tree.
- i mi pu cpare lo palma tricu — I climbed a palm tree.
- Related words: tricu, kokso, grasu, narge
palne — x1(entity) is a tray or platter with contents x2(entity)
- lo palne — tray, platter.
- i ti palne lo palta jo'u lo kabri — This is a tray with plates and cups on it.
- Related words: tansi, patxu, palta, ckana
palpi — x1(entity) touch-feels, palpates surface x2(entity)
- i mi palpi lo sefta be lo najnimre i ri se sefta lo xutla — I can touch-feel the surface of an orange. It is soft.
- Related words: pencu, sefta, ganse
palta — x1(entity) is a plate or saucer
- lo palta — plate, saucer.
- i mi pu jai gau porpi fai lo palta — I broke a plate.
- i le palta co'a porpi — The plate got broken.
- Comment: lo kabri is normally lifted when eaten from it, lo palta is not.
- Related words: ckana, palne, kabri, tansi, ckana
pambe — x1(entity) is a pump inserting fluid x2(entity) to x3(entity) from x4(entity)
- lo pambe — pump.
- i ti pambe lo vacri lo xislu lo bartu — This is a pump for filling up the air into wheels from the outside.
- Related words: gapci, litki, rinci, fepri, risna, rinci, tutci
panci — x1(entity) is a smell emitted by x2(entity) detected by observer x3(entity)
- lo panci — smell, fragrance.
- i mi sumne lo panci be lo najnimre i ri se panci lo flora — I can smell a scent of an orange. It has a scent of flowers.
- i mi te panci lo najnimre lo flora — I can smell an orange smelling of flowers.
- i le kumfa cu je'a se panci lo mabla — The room really stinks.
- i iu nai panci fa lo kalci — Yuck, it smells like shit.
- Related words: nazbi, sumne, cpina, vrusi
panje — x1(entity) is some sponge
- lo panje — sponge.
- i le panje cu cokcu lo so'i djacu — The sponge absorbs a lot of water.
- Comment: cokcu is for a generalized absorbant.
- Related words: cokcu
panka — x1(entity) is a park
- lo panka — park.
- i mi se pluka lo ka cadzu bu'u lo panka fau lo ka kansa loi pendo be mi — I like to walk in the parks with my friends.
- Related words: sorcu, zdile, klaji, purdi
panlo — x1(entity) is a slice of x2(entity)
- lo panlo — slice. lo se panlo — sliced.
- i ti panlo lo nanba — This is a slice of bread.
- Related words: spisa, pagbu, nanba
panpi — x1(entity) is at peace with x2(entity)
- i le mensi ca panpi lo bruna be vo'a — The sister is now at piece with her brother.
- Related words: jamna, sarxe, smaji, tugni, cilce, jamna
panra — x1(entity) is parallel, similar to x2(entity) differing only in x3(property of x1)
- lo panra — parallel, congruent. lo te panra — the only difference.
- i zo pacna zo kanpe panra lo ka valsi zo'ei lo nu djica — The word pacna is parallel to kanpe differing in that pacna describes desire and kanpe doesn't.
- Comment: to describe the difference feature of x2 use se panra to make it x1.
- Related words: pa'a, mintu, simsa, girzu, vrici
pante — x1(entity) protests or complains about x2(clause) to x3(entity)
- lo pante — protester.
- i za'u pa gunka pu pante lo ka te pleji ma kau vau loi turni ta'i lo ka de'a gunka — Workers complained about their salary to the management by halting their work.
- Related words: xarnu
panzi — x1(entity) is a child of x2(entity)
- lo panzi — offspring. lo se panzi — biological parent.
- i le nixli cu panzi la alis — The girl is Alice's child.
- Related words: grute, verba, bersa, tixnu, se rorci, patfu
papri — x1(entity) is a page of book or document x2(entity)
- lo papri — page. lo se papri — paged document, paged book.
- i ko catlu ti noi papri lo cukta — Look at this page of the book.
- Related words: karni, pelji, prina, xatra, vreji, pezli, cukta, ciska
parbi — fraction x1(number) is a ratio of x2(entity) with respect to x3(same type as x2)
- lo parbi — fraction. lo se parbi — numerator. lo te parbi — denominator.
- i li re parbi li vo li re — 2 is the ratio of 4 with respect to 2.
- i lo cmalu cu parbi lo temci be lo cabna bei lo nu cliva vau lo temci be lo nu cliva bei lo nu volta — It's a small fraction of the time from now until leaving with respect to the time from leaving until returning.
- Related words: frinu, dilcu, mekso
parji — x1(entity) is a parasite of x2(entity)
- lo parji — parasite.
- i lo vi curnu cu parji lo xarju — This worm is a parasite in pigs.
- Related words: civla
participe — x1(entity) participates in the event x2(property of x1)
- lo participe — participant, character (in a story or play).
- i ma ba participe lo ka casnu — Who will participate in the discussion?
- Related words: zvati, zukte, cmima, fasnu, cabna, vitke
pastu — x1(entity) is a robe
- lo pastu — robe, gown.
- i do poi dasni ti noi pastu cu simlu lo ka citno nixli — In this dress, you look like a young girl.
- Related words: kosta, taxfu, palku
patfu — x1(entity) is a father of x2(entity)
- lo patfu — father. lo se patfu — child of a father.
- i lo patfu be mi cu gunka bu'u la tokiios — My father works in Tokio.
- Related words: mamta, rirni, rorci, tarbi, dzena, famti, panzi, bersa, sovda
patlu — x1(entity) is a potato of species x2(taxon)
- lo patlu — potato.
- i au pei stasu lo patlu — Would you like potato soup?
- Related words: genja, jalna, samcu
patxu — x1(entity) is a pot with contents x2(entity)
- lo patxu — pot, sink. lo se patxu — contents of a pot.
- i mi pu bevri pa patxu be lo djacu — I brought a pot of water.
- Related words: tansi, palne, baktu, botpi
pau [interjection] — optional question marker, pau nai — marks the question as a rhetorical one
- i pau do retsku lo se du'u ma krinu su'o nu balvi vau ji su'o nu pilno — You are asking of what is the reason for something happening in the future, and/or in usage. What is that reason, and is it for something happening in the future, a usage, or both?
- i lo prenu cu bebna ki'u ma pau nai — Why people are so stupid?
- Comment: pau marks the question as non-rhetorical, in other words, the one that is expected to be answered. pau may be used for expressing symbol "¿" in Spanish.
- Related words: retsku
pe — that is about ... (a noun follows)
- i ti du lo pa karce pe la alis — This is a car of my friend.
- i lo pendo be mi cu jai fenki i lo pendo pe mi cu jai fenki — My friend is crazy.
- i ti me lo karce pe mi — It's my own car.
- Comment: lo mi pendo is the same as lo pendo pe mi.
pe'a — marks a construct as figurative, non-literal, metaphorical, pe'a nai — marks a construct as having literal meaning
- i lo ditcu cu jdini pe'a — Time is money.
- i le nanmu cu lanbi pe'a — He is a "sheep" (figuratively).
- i mi xagji pe'a lo ka tavla — I'm hungry for talking.
- i mi xagji pe'a nai — I'm literally hungry.
pe'i [interjection] — In my opinion. I think
- i pe'i do drani — I think you are right.
- i pe'i vamji fa lo nu retsku — I think it's worth asking.
- Comment: for thinking (musing upon something) use pensi.
- Related words: jinvi
pei [interjection modifier] — what is your attitude to it?, how do you feel about it? (asks for the attitude)
- i au pei mi kansa do — Do you want me to accompany you?
- i pei mi'o zvati le te salci — What about going to the party?
- Comment: can be used either on its own or as a modifier of interjection.
pelji — x1(entity) is some paper
- lo pelji — paper.
- i mi pu ciska pa xatra lo blabi pelji — I wrote a letter on a white paper.
- Related words: karni, papri, prina
pelmeni — x1(entity) is a piece of dumplings/pelmeni containing x2(entity)
- lo pelmeni — dumplings, ravioli, pelmeni, dim sum (Hongkong/Xianggang cuisine).
- i xu do su'o roi smaka lo rusko pelmeni — Have you at least once tasted Russian pelmeni?
- Comment: see nanba, rectu, sanmi.
- Related words: rectu, nanba, cilmo
pelxu — x1(entity) is yellow
- lo pelxu — yellow.
- i lo'e badna cu pelxu — A typical banana is yellow.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, narju, solji
pemci — x1(text) is a poem about x2(entity)
- lo pemci — poem. lo se pemci — subject of a poem.
- i mi finti lo pemci be lo vrici prenu — I create poems about different people.
- Related words: prosa, rimni, rilti, finti, lisri, sanga
penbi — x1(entity) is a pen using ink x2(entity)
- lo penbi — pen. lo se penbi — ink of a pen.
- i tu penbi lo blanu e nai lo xekri — That is a blue, not black pen.
- Related words: ciska, pinsi, xinmo, pimlu
pencu — x1(entity) touches x2(entity)
- lo se pencu — touched.
- i mi pu pencu lo vorme ta'i lo ka pilno pa canpa — I touched a worm with a spade.
- Comment: for the touch feeling use palpi.
- Related words: ganse, darxi, jgari, penmi, jorne, satre, mosra, zgana
pendo — x1(entity) is a friend to x2(entity)
- lo pendo — friend.
- i xu la alis cu pendo do — Is Alice your friend?
- Related words: bradi, xendo, nelci, prami, bradi
penmi — x1(entity) encounters or meets x2(entity) at x3
- lo se penmi — encountered.
- i mi mutce se pluka lo ka penmi do — I am pleased to meet you.
- i mi pu penmi pa cizra prenu lo jipno be le cmana — I encountered a strange person at the tip of the mountain.
- Comment: x3 denotes a place where participants gather together.
- Related words: jorne, jikca, pencu
pensi — x1(entity) ponders, is pensive about x2(property of x1)
- lo pensi — thinker. lo se pensi — thought.
- i mi pensi lo nu mi pu zvati ma kau — I'm thinking of where I was.
- i mi pu pensi lo nu mi volta le zdani — I was thinking of returning back home.
- Comment: jinvi - to have an opinion that..., jdice - to make a decision.
- Related words: pe'i, jijnu, menli, morji, sidbo, jinvi, se nabmi, minra, lanli, besna, saske, skami
perli — x1(entity) is a pear of species x2(taxon)
- lo perli — pear.
- i mi binxo lo perli se ja'e lo nu mi citka lo perli — I become a pear because I eat pears.
- Related words: grute
pesxu — x1(entity) is jam, paste, dough
- lo pesxu — paste.
- i au flaume pesxu — I'd like some plum jam.
- Related words: marxa, kliti, tarla
petso — x1(entity) is 1015 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo gusni cu petso lo mitre be li ji'i so pi mu lo ka muvdu ca ro nanca — 1 light-year is approximately 9.5 Petameters (Pm).
- Related words: centi
pezli — x1(entity) is a leaf of plant x2(entity)
- lo pezli — leaf. lo se pezli — plant with leaves.
- i lo pezli be lo tricu co'a pelxu ca lo critu — Leaves of tress become yellow in the autumn.
- Related words: tricu, papri, spati
pi [digit/number] — radix point (number base; by default decimal)
- i lo vacri ca kelvo li ji'i re so ci pi mu — It's around 293.5 degrees Kelvin (20.5 degrees Celsius).
pi'e [digit/number] — separates number into parts of different bases
- i ko tcidu lo te fendi poi pa pi'e ci mu moi — Read the section 1.35.
pi'i — multiplication operator (symbol × or ⋅ in math)
- i li re pi'i mu du li pa no — 2 × 5 = 10.
pi'u [conjunction] — forms Cartesian product of sets
- i lo mango o nai bo lo plise o nai bo lo perli pi'u lo xunre a bo lo pelxu cu vo mei — The Cartesian product of mangoes, apples and pears that are either red or yellow has 6 members.
- Comment: elements are combined by taking only one element from each set and all such possible combinations form a new set that is called Cartesian product.
picti — x1(entity) is 10-12 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo ratni be lo cidro cu picti lo mitre be li re mu lo ka klani ma kau — The atom of hydrogen is 25 picometers in size.
- Related words: centi
pijne — x1(entity) is a pin for piercing x2(entity)
- lo pijne — pin. lo se pijne — pierced by a pin.
- i ko dunda fi mi fe pa pijne be lo pelji — Give me a pin for fastening paper.
- Related words: jesni, nivji, fenso, dinko, tutci
pikci — x1(entity) pleads or begs x2(entity) for x3(property of x2)
- i la kevin pu pikci la alis lo ka stali — Kevin begged Alice to stay.
- Related words: cpedu, pindi
pikta — x1(entity) is a ticket entitling x2(entity) to x3(property of x2)
- lo pikta — ticket. lo se pikta — ticket holder.
- i mi pu te vecnu re pikta be lo verba bei lo ka klama la boston — I bought two child tickets to Boston.
- Related words: jaspu
pilda — x1(entity) is pale
- lo pilda — pale.
- i lo flira be do cu pilda i ma krinu — Your face is pale. What happened?
- Related words: kandi, blabi, grusi
pilji — x1(number) is the product of x2(number) multiplied by x3(number)
- lo pilji — product of multiplication.
- i li bi pilji li re li vo — 8 = 4 x 2.
- Related words: mekso, sumji, rapli, jalge
pilka — x1(entity) is a crust, peel of x2(entity)
- lo pilka — crust, peel.
- i le najnimre co'u se pilka — The orange has been peeled off.
- i mi pu vimcu lo pilka be le plise — I peeled the apple off.
- i lo pilka be le plise cu cinla — The peel of the apple is thin.
- Related words: grute, calku, skapi, gacri
pilno — x1(entity) uses x2(entity) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo pilno — user. lo se pilno — used.
- i le nixli pu pilno pa skami lo ka facki lo se nitcu — The girl used a computer to get the necessary information.
- Related words: tutci, cabra, minji, gasnu, zukte, se pi'o, sazri, jibri
pimlu — x1(entity) is a feather of x2(entity)
- lo pimlu — feather. lo se pimlu — feathered.
- i ti pimlu lo cipni pe mi — This is a feather of my bird.
- Related words: cipni, nalci, rebla, kerfa, penbi
pinca — x1(entity) is urine of x2(entity)
- lo pinca — urine.
- i lo pinca be ko cu zvati lo patxu — Pee to the pot.
- Related words: vikmi, xasne, kalci, mabla, festi
pincivi — x1(entity) pees, pisses, excretes urine, urinates x2(entity)
- i lo se pincivi be ko cu zvati lo patxu — Pee to the pot.
- i gau lo betka ra pincivi lo xunre — Due to beetroots, he pissed red.
- Related words: pinca, vikmi
pindi — x1(entity) is poor in x2(property of x1)
- lo pindi — poor.
- i le nakni cu pindi lo ka ponse no xirma — He is poor in that he doesn't own a horse.
- Comment: x2 specifies the actual state of affairs that describes why x1 is considered poor.
- Related words: ricfu, claxu, nitcu, pikci
pinfu — x1(entity) is a prisoner of x2(entity) restrained by action x3(property of x2)
- lo pinfu — prisoner. lo te pinfu — means of imprisonment.
- i mi'a pu pinfu lo zdani be mi'a lo nu snime carvi — We became prisoners of our home due to the snowfall.
- Related words: zifre, kavbu, rinju, ralte, fanta, cilce
pinka — x1(entity, text) is a comment about x2(entity)
- lo pinka — comment, remark. lo se pinka — subject of a comment.
- i mi pu cusku fi loi rirni fe pa pinka be lo nu pu se srera fa le nu klama lo bartu ca lo nu carvi — I commented to the parents that going outside while it had been raining had been a mistake.
- i au nai mi cusku lo pinka — I have no comment.
- i le nakni pu cusku lo zabna pinka be le cukta — He made a nice comment about the book.
- Related words: cusku, notci, jinvi, zgana, lanli, bacru, ciska
pinsi — x1(entity) is a pencil with marking material x2(entity)
- lo pinsi — pencil, crayon.
- i ti pinsi lo xunre — This is a red pencil.
- Related words: ciska, penbi, burcu, bakri
pinta — x1(entity) is level, horizontal in frame of reference x2(entity)
- lo pinta — horizontal.
- i lo nanmu pu ku pinta gi'e la'a sipna — The man was in horizontal position and was probably sleeping.
- Related words: sraji, plita, xutla
pinxe — x1(entity) drinks x2(entity) out of x3(entity)
- lo pinxe — drinker. lo se pinxe — something drunk, beverage.
- i mi pinxe lo tcati le kabri — I drink tea from the cup.
- i mi pu pinxe lo glare ckafi pa kabri — I drank a cup of hot coffee from a cup.
- Related words: cidja, citka, taske, tunlo, xaksu, barja, birje
pipno — x1(entity) is a piano or other keyboard musical instrument
- lo pipno — piano.
- i xu do zgipli lo pipno — Do you play the piano?
- Related words: zgike
pixra — x1(entity) is a picture of x2(entity) made by x3(entity)
- lo pixra — picture. lo se pixra — pictured.
- i ti pixra pa zbani mi poi pu zvati la nipon — This is a picture of the coast that I made when I was in Japan.
- Related words: ciska, cinta, prina, mupli, barna, skina
plana — x1(entity) is fat or obese in x2(property of x1)
- lo plana — fat, obese, swollen.
- i le nanla cu plana lo ka se betfu — The boy is fat with his belly.
- Related words: cinla, rotsu, barda, punli, grasu
planeta — x1(entity) is a planet
- lo planeta — planet.
- i le terdi cu melbi planeta — The Earth is a beautiful planet.
- Related words: lunra, mluni, terdi, solri, munje
platu — x1(entity) plans, designs plot x2(property of x1) for purpose x3(clause)
- lo platu — planner. lo se platu — plan, planned. lo te platu — purpose of a plan.
- i mi platu lo ka klama la nipon vau lo ka surla — I'm planning to go to Japan to take rest.
- Related words: cartu
pleji — x1(entity) pays x2(entity, property of x1) to x3(entity) for x4(entity, property of x1)
- lo pleji — payer. lo se pleji — payment. lo te pleji — payee. lo ve pleji — something paid for.
- i mi pu pleji lo se jerna lo bersa be mi lo ka sidju mi — I paid my son for what he earned for helping me.
- Related words: canja, cnemu, friti, kargu, vecnu, jdima, prali, jerna, sfasa, dunda, jinga, dapma, cirko, dirba
plibu — x1(entity) is a pubic area of x2(entity)
- lo plibu — pubic area, external genitalia.
- i la edvard pu darxi lo plibu be mi se pi'o lo jamfu — Eduard hit my pubis with a foot.
- Related words: seksi, gletu, nakpinji, vibna, vlagi, ganti, mabla
plipe — x1(entity) jumps to x2(entity) from x3(entity) through route x4(entity)
- i lo mlatu pu plipe lo bartu lo dertu lo galtu be le bitmu — The cat jumped to the outside from the ground over the fence.
- Related words: bajra, stapa, cpare, lafti
plise — x1(entity) is an apple of species x2(taxon)
- lo plise — apple.
- i le za'u plise cu makcu — The apples are ripe.
- Comment: lo plise poi grute is @@apple fruit, lo plise poi tricu is @@apple tree. plise alone can denote either of them.
- Related words: grute, tricu
plita — x1(entity) is a geometrical plane defined by points x2(entity group)
- lo plita — plane (shape).
- i lo toldi poi cpare lo za'u flora pe le loldi co'a se plita lo melbi — Butterflies creeping along the flowers formed a beautiful flat shape.
- Related words: xutla, sefta, tapla, karda, boxfo, pinta
plixa — x1(entity) ploughs x2(entity) using x3(entity)
- lo plixa — plowman, ploughman. lo se plixa — ploughed, plowed. lo te plixa — plough, plow.
- i le te cange pu plixa lo dertu pa barda — The farmer ploughed the ground using a large plow.
- Related words: kakpa, sraku, katna, skuro
plixau — x1(entity) is useful for user x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo plixau — useful.
- i lo ka tavla cu plixau do lo rinka be lo nu do certu la lojban — Talking would be useful for you in becoming an expert in Lojban.
- Related words: pilno, xamgu, melbi, xlali, vrude, zabna
pluja — x1(entity) is complex in x2(property of x1)
- lo pluja — complex.
- i le tcini cu pluja lo ka se ciksi — The situation is hard to explain.
- Related words: cfipu, banli, sampu, jgena
pluka — x1(property of x2) pleases x2(entity) ; x2 enjoys x1
- lo pluka — pleasant event. lo se pluka — pleased, glad.
- i mi se pluka lo ka kelci la tenis — I like playing tennis.
- i mi se pluka lo ka limna lo xamsi — I enjoy swimming in the sea.
- Related words: rigni, melbi, nelci, prami
pluta — x1(entity) is a route to x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- lo pluta — route.
- i pluta lo aftobuso tcana ti fa lo nu klama lo zunle gi'e ba bo ze'a klama lo crane gi'e ba bo klama lo pritu — The route to the bus station from here is the following: you turn left, then go straight for a while, and then turn right.
- Comment: for means to a goal lo se zukte is to be used.
- Related words: litru, flu'ente, naxle, dargu, klaji, tcana, ve klama, tadji, zukte, klama, pagre
po'e — that inalienably belongs to ... (a noun follows)
- i lo cidni po'e mi cu cortu — My knee aches.
- Comment: po'e is used organs, limbs of body, for parental relationships. pe is a more generic particle.
po'o [interjection] — uniquely, only, solely (the only relevant case), po'o cu'i — for one (not excluding other), po'o nai — among others
- i lo troci ku po'o snada i je ku'i lo troci po'o cu fliba — Only the one who tries, succeeds, and the one who only tries, fails.
- i po'o mi na kansa le fetsi — The only thing is, I'm not with her.
- i mi pu te vecnu lo jisra ku po'o — I bought only some juice.
- i mi na zanru lo ve sfasa noi po'o cu'i zekri — I don't approve of punishments which, for one, are a crime.
- i mi pu te vecnu lo titla ku po'o nai — I bought candies among other things.
- Related words: pa mei, mulno, te panra
poi — turn clause into relative clause
- i le nakni pu co'a speni pa ninmu poi pu se penmi bu'u lo zarci — He married a woman met in the store.
- i le nakni pu co'a speni pa ninmu — He married a woman.
- Comment: that. Starts restrictive relative clause. Removing the relative clause with poi changes the meaning of the sentence.
polje — x1(entity) folds x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo se polje — folded. lo te polje — fold, wrinkle, creae.
- i mi pu polje pa boxfo so'i da — I wrinkled the sheet of paper in several places.
- Related words: korcu, cinje, boxfo, boxna
ponjo — x1(entity) is Japanese in x2(property of x1)
- lo ponjo — Japanese.
- i xu ti me lo misno ke ponjo finpe — Is this a famous Japanese fish?
- Related words: xazdo, daplu, jungo, rusko
ponse — x1(entity) owns x2(entity) under law x3(proposition)
- lo ponse — owner, proprietor. lo se ponse — possessed, property (possessed).
- i le prenu cu ponse pa karce lo zekri — The person owns the car illegally (not under official law).
- Related words: ckini, ralte, jitro, steci, srana, tutra, turni, zivle
porpi — x1(entity) breaks or shatters into pieces x2(entity)
- lo se porpi — piece of something broken.
- i le palta mo'u porpi so'i cmalu — The plate broke into many small pieces.
- Related words: spoja, se katna, xrani, spofu
porsi — x1(entity) is a sequence ordered by rules x2(relation between members of x1, contains two places for ce'u) on unordered x3(group of same type as x1)
- lo porsi — sequence.
- i li pa ce'o li re ce'o li ci cu porsi lo ka ce'u mleca ce'u vau lo namcu — 1, 2, 3 is a sequence of numbers where a number to the left is less than the number to the right.
- i mi pu ganse lo porsi be fi lo valsi po'o i je mi na pu jimpe lo smuni be le porsi — I could only see a sequence of words, the sequence the meaning of which I couldn't understand.
- Related words: lidne, liste, cmima
porto — x1(entity) is Portuguese in x2(property of x1)
- lo porto — Portuguese.
- i le ninmu cu tavla fo lo porto — She speaks Portuguese.
- Related words: brazo
prali — x1(entity, property of x2) is a profit or benefit to x2(entity) resulting from x3(property of x2)
- lo prali — profit, benefit.
- i ma prali do lo ka tcidu lo se cukta poi vasru no pixra — What the use to you of reading a book that has no pictures?
- Related words: vecnu, cnemu, pleji, jinga, canja, sfasa, jerna, jdima, dunda, zivle
prami — x1(entity) loves x2(entity)
- lo prami — lover. lo se prami — loved.
- i mi prami do — I love you.
- Comment: prami is to love, nelci is to like.
- Related words: cinmo, xebni, nelci, djica, sinma, pluka, kurji, pendo, speni
prane — x1(entity) is perfect or ideal in x2(property of x1)
- lo prane — perfect.
- i xu mi na prane lo ka melbi — Am I not perfect in my beauty?
- i mi prane lo ka vitke lo rirni de'i ro li jy dy ze — I visit my parents every Sunday without fail.
- Related words: manfo, curve, traji, cfila, mulno
preja — x1(entity) spreads over x2(property of x1) from initial state x3(property of x1)
- lo se preja — area of expansion.
- i lo carvi pu fanta lo nu lo fagri cu preja lo boske le foldi — The rain kept the fire from spreading to the forest from the field.
- Related words: tcena, kuspe, ranji, fatri, muvdu, benji
prenu — x1(entity) is a person
- lo prenu — person, people, folk.
- i xo prenu ca zvati lo bu'u kumfa — How many people are in this room now?
- Comment: lo remna is human. In fairy tales and fantastic stories animals and alien beings from other planets can be called lo prenu - persons.
- Related words: nanmu, ninmu, remna, zukte, sevzi
preti — x1(text) is a question about x2(entity)
- lo preti — question. lo se preti — subject of a question.
- i mi pu cusku lo preti poi du lu ma nuzba li'u — I asked a question, "What are the news?"
- Related words: retsku, cusku, nabmi, danfu, ciksi, spuda, cpedu
prije — x1(entity) is wise about matter x2(property of x1)
- lo prije — wise, sage.
- i do pu ja'a sai prije lo ka skicu la'e di'u mi — It was really wise of you to tell me about it.
- i mi pu prije lo ka vecnu le karce — You were wise to sell the car.
- Related words: bebna
prina — x1(entity) is a print on x2(entity) made by x3(entity)
- lo prina — print. lo se prina — surface printed on. lo te prina — printer.
- i le minji na te prina lo pelji lo papri — The machine isn't printing the document on the paper.
- Related words: cukta, papri, pelji, pixra, ciska, danre, barna
pritu — x1(entity) is to the right of x2(entity) in frame of reference x3(entity)
- lo pritu — right (direction).
- i le nanmu cu pritu le dinju mi — The man is to the right of the house from my position.
- Related words: ri'u, mlana, crane, trixe, farna, zunle
proga — x1(entity) is a computer program for doing x2(clause)
- lo proga — computer program.
- i mi co'i finti pa proga be lo nu zmiku satre lo mlatu — I have written a computer program for giving cats strokes automatically.
- Related words: sampla, skami, jai gau farvi, finti, ciska, pensi, mlatu
prosa — x1(text) is prose about x2(entity) (entity) (entity)
- lo prosa — prose, prosaic text.
- i ti cukta lo prosa be lo za'u kulnu — This book contains prose about cultures.
- Related words: cfika, lisri, cukta, pemci, finti
protoni — x1(entity) is a proton
- lo protoni — proton.
- i lo protoni cu kantu — Proton is an elementary particle.
- Related words: kantu
pruce — x1(clause) is a process with input x2(entity) and output x3(entity) via stages x4(entity ordered group)
- lo pruce — process. lo se pruce — process input. lo te pruce — process output. lo ve pruce — stage of a process.
- i lo nu zbasu lo nanba cu pruce lo purmo jo'u lo djacu jo'u lo sovda lo nanba lo nu mixre vo'e vau jo'u ba bo lo nu jukpa — Making bread is a process with ingredients flour, water and eggs where one mixes them and then cooks.
- Related words: farvi, tadji, grute, tcini
prulamdei — x1(clause) is yesterday, the day before the day x2(clause)
- lo prulamdei — yesterday, the day before.
- i pu carvi ca lo prulamdei — It rained yesterday.
- i mi pu penmi le nakni ca lo prulamdei be lo nu le nakni cu cliva — I met him the day before he left.
- Related words: djedi, cabdei, bavlamdei, cedra, ditcu
pruni — x1(entity) is elastic
- lo pruni — elastic, spring (elastic).
- i le bolci cu plipe ki'u lo ka pruni — The ball bounces because it is elastic.
- Related words: ckabu, tcena
pruxi — x1(entity) is a ghost
- lo pruxi — ghostly, spiritual, ethereal.
- i xu do terpa tu'a lo pruxi — Are you afraid of ghosts?
- Related words: censa, lijda, mucti, xadni
pu [preposition of tense] — before ... (in time), adverb: in past (expresses past tense)
- i mi pu na viska le mlatu — I didn't see the cat.
- i mi pu prami pa nanmu — I loved one man.
- i mi ba tavla do pu lo nu do cliva — I will talk to you before you leave.
pu'i [preposition of potential] — possibly can and at least once actually is or does ...
- i xu do pu'i viska lo fange ke vofli dacti — Have you ever seen an unidentified flying object?
- i mi djuno i ki'u bo mi pu'i tavla la alis — I know, since I've already talked to Alice.
- Comment: describes what can potentially happen and has already happened at least once.
pu'o [preposition of aspect] — to be about to do or be ... (prospective aspect)
- i mi pu'o citka lo rectu — I'm about to eat meat.
pulce — x1(entity) is dust
- lo pulce — dust.
- i lo pulce pu gacri le loldi — Dust covered the floor.
- i lo pulce brife cu muvdu ti — A dust storm is coming.
- i le dargu cu culno lo pulce — The road is dusty.
- Related words: te zalvi, danmo, purmo, sligu
pulji — x1(entity) is a police officer enforcing x2(property of x1)
- lo pulji — police officer.
- i le prenu cu pulji lo nu lo klaji cu smaji — The person is a police officer enforcing silence in the street.
- Related words: catni, sonci, flalu, bandu, jemna, zekri, krati
pulni — x1(entity) is a pulley used for x2(property of x1) rotating on x3(entity)
- lo pulni — pulley. lo te pulni — axle of a pulley.
- i ti pulni lo nu cpacu lo djacu le jinto vau lo mudri — This is a wooden pulley to lift water from the well.
- Related words: tutci, xislu, vraga
punji — x1(entity) places, puts x2(entity) at x3(entity)
- lo se punji — placed.
- i e'o do punji le kabri le jubme — Please, put the cup onto the table!
- i le skina pu punji mi lo ka gleki cinmo — The movie put me in a happy mood.
- Comment: x3 is the place, where something is being put.
- Related words: cpacu, lebna, cpana, batke, setca
punli — x1(entity) is a swelling, clump on x2(entity)
- lo punli — swelling, clump, swollen.
- i pu snime punli le dargu — It was a clump of snow on the road.
- i da punli lo stedu be mi — I have a swelling on my head.
- Related words: balji, cmana, plana
purci — x1(clause) is earlier than or in the past of x2(clause)
- lo purci — earlier event, past event. lo se purci — later event, future event.
- i lo nu la kevin cu cliva pu purci lo nu mi tsuku lo xotli — Kevin left earlier than I arrived at the hotel.
- Related words: lidne, balvi, cabna, farna
purdi — x1(entity) is a garden or field of family or gardener x2(entity) growing crops x3(entity)
- lo purdi — garden. lo se purdi — gardener. lo te purdi — crops of a garden.
- i ti purdi loi rirni be mi lo vrici — This is my parents' garden where different crops are grown.
- Related words: foldi, cange, panka
purmo — x1(entity) is some powder of x2(entity)
- lo purmo — powder.
- i ti purmo lo gurni — This is flour.
- Related words: pulce, zalvi
py [pronoun] — p (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like py is for the last lo papri used.
ra [pronoun] — a recent completed noun
- i la alis pu tsuku pa zarci gi'e te vecnu lo plise i ba bo ra klama lo zdani — Alice entered a store and bought apples. Then she went home.
ra'e [digit/number] — infinite number of the same digit follows
- i li pa fe'i ci du li pi ra'e ci — "1/3 equals 0.(3)"
ra'i [preposition from krasi] — beginning from ...
- i mi pu ganse lo pluka panci pe ra'i le purdi — I felt a pleasant smell from the garden.
ra'o [interjection] — updates meaning from the viewpoint of the current speaker
- i lu mi se pluka lo ka penmi do li'u lu go'i ra'o li'u — "I am pleased to meet you." "Me too."
ra'oi — quotes one next word and treats it as a rafsi. The quoted word must be delimited by pauses (in speech) or whitespace (in writing)
- i ra'oi kla rafsi zo klama — kla is an affix from the full verb klama.
- Comment: rafsi sometimes can be not legal words on their own so to quote them ra'oi is useful.
- Related words: ma'oi, zoi
ra'u [interjection] — primarily, mainly (in importance), ra'u cu'i — equally (in importance), ra'u nai — incidentally (low in importance)
- i ra'u ko tolxanka denpa — Above all, be patient.
- i ei mi gunka i je ra'u cu'i ei mi surla — I need to work. But with equal importance I need to relax.
- i ra'u nai mi na se spaji — Incidentally, I'm not surprised.
- Related words: ralju, vajni
racli — x1(clause) is rational or sane
- lo racli — rational event, sane event.
- i racli fau da'i — That would make sense.
- i racli fa lo nu do pu cuxna lo ka tavla bau la lojban — It's rational that you chose to talk in Lojban.
- Related words: fenki
ractu — x1(entity) is a rabbit of species x2(taxon)
- lo ractu — rabbit.
- i lo ractu zi co'a se panzi — Rabbits breed quickly.
- Related words: mabru, kerlo
radno — x1(entity) is x2(number: by default 1) radians
- i ti noi jganu cu radno li pa — This angle subtends one radian.
- Related words: jganu, centi
rafsi — x1(text) is an affix for word x2(text)
- lo rafsi — affix. lo se rafsi — word with affixes.
- i ra'oi gau rafsi zo gasnu — 'gau' is a rafsi of the verb gasnu.
- Related words: valsi, lujvo, pagbu
ragve — x1(entity) is across boundary x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- i pa cribe cu ragve le rirxe mi — A bear is across the river from me.
- Related words: dukti, kuspe, bancu, kruca, cripu, pagre
rai [preposition from traji] — with the most one being ...
- i mi nelci lo jbari ne rai lo fragari — I like berries with strawberries being my favorite ones.
- Comment: x1 of the clause describes the most one in the comparison described by clause itself. The noun after rai describes those among which the selection is done.
raktu — x1(entity) disturbs person x2(entity)
- lo se raktu — disturbed.
- i ko ko na raktu ta'i lo ka cusku lo simsa — Don't trouble yourself saying such things.
- i do raktu mi ja'e lo nu mi de'a tadni la lojban — You disturb me making me not learning Lojban.
- Related words: dicra, fanza, zunti, kurji, xanka, nabmi
ralci — x1(entity) is delicate, fragile in x2(property of x1)
- lo ralci — fragile.
- i ti noi flora cu ralci lo ka se tarmi — This flower has a delicate form.
- Related words: jdari, ranti, tsali, milxe, kukte
ralju — x1(entity) is principal or chief among x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo ralju — principal, chief.
- i la alis cu ralju lo nixli lo ka cuxna — Alice is the main decision maker among the girls.
- Related words: vajni, te bende, minde, lidne, jatna, jitro, gidva, midju
ralte — x1(entity) keeps or retains x2(entity, property of x1)
- lo ralte — keeper. lo se ralte — kept.
- i mi ralte lo cidja ca ro nu mi litru — I carry food whenever I travel.
- i ralte lo ka catke le karce — He keeps pushing the car.
- i mi ralte re mlatu — I keep two cats.
- Related words: cirko, rinju, ponse, jgari, pinfu, stali, e'ande
rango — x1(entity) is a bodily organ of x2(entity) performing function x3(property of nonce place)
- lo rango — bodily organ. lo te rango — function of a bodily organ.
- i lo risna cu sluji rango fi lo ka pambe lo ciblu vi'u lo xadni — The heart is the muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
- i ti rango lo insekto lo ka tirna — This is an organ of insects performing the function of listening.
- Related words: besna, livga
ranji — x1(entity) persists, continues over time interval or place x2(entity)
- lo ranji — persistant.
- i lo gusni be fi le bombila cu ranji le nicte — The light bulb continued burning through the night.
- i lo djacu pu ranji lo barda canlu — The water continuously covered a large space.
- Related words: temci, kuspe, renvi, cedra, citsi, manfo, vitci, cukla, fliba, preja, tcena
ranmi — x1(entity) is a myth about x2(entity)
- lo ranmi — myth.
- i mi pu tirna lo simsa ranmi be pa cevni — I heard a similar myth about a god.
- Related words: lijda, lisri, crida
ransu — x1(entity) is a quantity of bronze
- lo ransu — bronze.
- i lo ransu cu gunma lo tunka joi tinci — Bronze is composed of copper and tin.
- i ti noi vi'u pixra cu ransu — The statue is made of bronze.
- Comment: lo ransu is an alloy made of copper and tin.
- Related words: jinme, tunka, lastu
ranti — x1(entity) is soft to force x2(clause)
- lo ranti — soft.
- i le pesxu cu ranti lo danre — The dough is soft when being pressurized.
- Related words: ralci, jdari, lakse, tolpro, gradu
ranxi — x1(entity) is ironic, contrary to expectation x2(property of x1) in aspect x3(property of x1)
- lo ranxi — ironic, contrary to expectation.
- i zo co'oi poi do pu cusku cu ranxi lo ka se smuni zo coi vau lo ka se smuni zo co'o — "Chao" that you said was ironic in that instead of meaning "Hi!" it actually meant "Bye!"
- i le te ranxi cu du lo nu mi na merko — The irony is that I'm not an American.
rapli — x1(entity) occurs, repeats x2(number) times
- lo rapli — repeating event.
- i lo nu mi pu cusku zo coi le fetsi cu se rapli li ci i mi pu ci roi cusku zo coi le fetsi — I said "Hello!" to her three times.
- i le pruce cu rapli li mu — The process occurs for the fifth time.
- Related words: roi, cafne, krefu, fukpi, pilji, volta
rarna — x1(entity) is spontaneous or natural
- lo rarna — spontaneous.
- i ti noi cripu cu rarna — This bridge is a natural formation.
- Related words: rutni, jinzi, nurma, stati
ratcu — x1(entity) is a rat of species x2(taxon)
- lo ratcu — rat.
- i le ratcu co'i canci — The rat disappeared.
- Related words: smacu
ratni — x1(entity) is an atom of element x2(number) of isotope number or weight x3(entity, number)
- lo ratni — atom. lo se ratni — atomic number. lo te ratni — isotope number.
- i lo'e tabno cu ratni li xa li pa re — Carbon is a chemical element number 6 and usually has the isotope number 12.
- Comment: kantu is for a basic unit of a property or activity, selci is for a basic physical subunit, generally of a mass.
- Related words: kantu, selci
rau [digit/number] — enough
- i rau stizu cu zvati — There are enough chairs.
- i le sakta cu me'i rau mei — The sugar is not enough.
- Comment: subjective estimate.
re [digit/number] — 2, two
- i re cribe ca cpana lo bisli — There are two bears on the ice.
re'e [interjection modifier] — religious/worship/supernatural attribute, re'e cu'i — secular attribute, re'e nai — sacrilegious attribute
- i ko na cliva mi doi lo crida iu re'e — Don't leave me, oh my beloved fairy!
- i do io nai re'e nai se lijda lo mabla — Yay, you built a temple (well, no religious feelings here)!
- i ui re'e cu'i do'o pu zbasu lo malsi — You belong to a shitty religion, no respect to you in this!
- Comment: used without an attitudinal to indicate focus of the speaker.
- Related words: lijda
re'i [vocative] — ready to receive. Listening! (in radio communications), re'i nai — not ready to receive
- i lu ju'i li'u lu re'i do li'u — "Hey!" - "Yes?"
- i lu ju'i li'u lu re'i nai li'u — "Hey!" - "Wait a bit…"
re'o [preposition of place] — adjacent to ..., touching ..., contacting ...
- i le nobli pu zutse re'o lo jubme — The sir was sitting touching the wall.
re'u [preposition] — turn number into adverb (or preposition) showing for which time it happens
- i mi pu ci re'u penmi la alis — I met Alice for the third time.
- i mi zvati ti za'u re'u — I'm here again.
- Comment: event happens for the (n) time. The number (n) is put in front of re'u.
rebla — x1(entity) is a tail of x2(entity)
- lo rebla — tail. lo se rebla — tailed.
- i tu noi gerku cu se rebla lo tordu — That dog has a short tail.
- Related words: nalci, pimlu, se lidne, trixe, birka, jimca
rectu — x1(entity) is some meat from x2(entity)
- lo rectu — meat.
- i ti rectu lo bakni — This is beef.
- Related words: sluji
remna — x1(entity) is a human
- lo remna — human.
- i xu lo remna ku po'o ka'e cmila — Can only humans laugh?
- Related words: nanmu, ninmu, prenu
renro — x1(entity) throws or launches x2(entity) to or at x3(entity)
- lo se renro — thrown.
- i pa nanla pu renro pa rokci le canko — A boy threw a stone at the window.
- Comment: cecla is a more general term.
- Related words: cecla, danti
renvi — x1(entity) survives or endures x2(clause)
- lo renvi — survivor. lo se renvi — age.
- i mi mo'u renvi le xlali tcini — I survived that terrible situation.
- Related words: ranji, kuspe, fapro, lifri, stali, temci
respa — x1(entity) is a reptile of species x2(taxon)
- lo respa — reptile.
- i lo respa cu xabju le korbi be le rirxe — Reptiles inhabit the coast of the river.
- Related words: danlu, banfi, since
retsku — x1(entity) makes a question x2 x2(text) to x3(entity)
- lo retsku — asker. lo se retsku — question.
- i le nixli pu retsku fi pa pulji fe lu ta'i ma klama la palma noi xotli li'u — The girl asked a police officer "How does one get to Palm hotel?"
- Comment: alternatively one can say cusku lo preti - ask a question.
- Related words: cusku, preti, spusku, pinka, spuda, bacru, tavla, casnu, cu'u, bangu, dapma, jufra
ri [pronoun] — refers to the immediately previous lo-noun that is completed
- i ta me lo cinri cukta i au mi te vecnu ri — That is an interesting book. I'd like to buy it.
- Comment: ri cannot refer to the noun in which it is located (and thus, which is not yet finished before ri is used).
ri'a [preposition from rinka] — because of the cause ...
- i ri'a lo ka kucli vau lo mlatu co'a morsi — Cat died because of being curious (curiosity killed the cat).
ri'e [interjection modifier] — expressing release of attitude, ri'e nai — expressing restraint of attitude
- i oi ri'e mi cirko lo ckiku pe mi — Ah, I lost my keys.
- i tugni na ku o'o ri'e nai fa le jatna — he doesn't agree! Ehm, well, the boss doesn't agree, you see.
- i oi ri'e nai cortu — Mmm, it hurts.
- Related words: rinju
ri'i [preposition from lifri] — experienced by..., happening to...
- i ri'i mi pu farlu — I experienced falling down.
- Comment: patient case tag.
ri'u [preposition of cardinal direction] — to the right of ..., adverb: rightwards
- i pa nanmu cu sanli ri'u do — There is a man standing to the right of you.
ricfu — x1(entity) is rich in x2(property of x1)
- lo ricfu — rich, wealthy.
- i xu do ricfu lo ka ponse lo tumla — Are you rich in how much land you own?
- Comment: x2 specifies the actual state of affairs that describes why x1 is considered rich.
- Related words: solji, banzu, zildukse, pindi
rigni — x1(entity) is disgusting to x2(entity)
- lo rigni — disgusting.
- i le cidja cu rigni mi — The food is disgusting to me.
- Related words: djica, nelci, trina, vamtu, xebni, pluka
rijno — x1(entity) is a quantity of silver
- lo rijno — silver.
- i le sicni cu rijno — The coin is silver.
- Related words: solji
rilti — x1(entity) is a rhythm, rhythmical pattern of x2(entity)
- lo rilti — rhythm. lo se rilti — having a rhythm.
- i lo rilti be le pu se sanga be le nakni cu simsa lo'u la la cu cu la la le'u — The rhythm of the phrase said by him was similar to la la tcu tcu la la.
- Related words: damri, pemci, tonga, zgike, slilu, dikni, sanga, morna
rimni — x1(text) rhymes with x2(text) in language x3(entity) with correspondence x4(property of x1 and x2)
- lo rimni — having a rhyme. lo se rimni — rhyming with something.
- i zo kansa rimni zo dansu la lojban lo ka lo ci lamji lerfu je pagbu be ce'u cu simxu lo ka mintu — kansa rhymes with dansu in Lojban in that three adjacent letters in each of those words are the same.
- Related words: pemci, sanga
rinci — liquid x1(entity) drains or flushes from x2(entity) through drain x3(entity) by force x4(entity)
- lo rinci — draining liquid. lo te rinci — drain, strainer, colander.
- i lo djacu cu rinci pa tubnu za'u pa kevna lo danre — Water drains from a tube through holes being under pressure.
- Related words: pambe, tisna, setca, flu'ente, muvdu, ganxo, rirxe
rinju — x1(entity) is restrained by x2(entity) against x3(property of x1)
- lo rinju — restrained. lo se rinju — restraining.
- i lo carmi flu'ente be lo le tcadu pu se rinju mi lo ka tsuku le briju — Intense traffic prevented me from getting to the office.
- Related words: zifre, ralte, pinfu, kavbu, fanta, jgari, jimte, bapli, e'ande, kluza, tagji
rinka — x1(clause) causes effect x2(clause)
- lo rinka — cause. lo se rinka — effect.
- i lo nu ctuca cu rinka lo nu farvi — Education is the agent of progress.
- Related words: gasnu, krinu, nibli, te zukte, se jalge, bapli, jitro, ri'a, mukti, ciksi, volta
rinsa — x1(entity) greets, welcomes x2(entity)
- i mi pu rinsa la alis ta'i lo ka jai gau slilu fai lo xance be mi — I greeted Alice by waving my hand.
- Related words: tolrinsa, a'oi, coi, co'o, fi'i
rirci — x1(entity) is rare, not usual in x2(property of x1) among x3(entity)
- lo rirci — rare.
- i le fetsi cu rirci lo ka carmi gunka vau lo tadni poi dunli vo'a lo ka jai nanca — She works hard which is unusual among students of her age.
- i mi pu rirci fi lo pendo be mi fe lo ka se cinri lo fasnu e nai lo farna — I was unusual among my friends in being interested in events and not trends.
- Related words: cizra, fadni, cafne, kampu, cnano
rirni — x1(entity) rears x2(entity) ; x1 is a parent of x2
- lo rirni — parent (rearer).
- i la edvard cu rirni la alis — Edward is a parent of Alice.
- Related words: rorci, mamta, patfu, sidju, dzena, famti, verba, bersa
rirxe — x1(entity) is a river of land mass x2(entity) draining watershed x3(entity)
- lo rirxe — river. lo te rirxe — watershed of a river.
- i ti rirxe pa sudga tumla lo vifne poi flu'ente lo xamsi lo krasi pe lo cmana lo condi — This is a river in a dry land running its fresh waters in a deep river bed towards the sea from springheads in the mountains.
- Related words: flu'ente, naxle, senta, daplu, djacu, lalxu, xamsi, rinci
rismi — x1(entity) is some rice of species x2(taxon)
- lo rismi — rice.
- i mi citka lo rismi su'o roi ro djedi — I eat rice every day.
- Related words: gurni
risna — x1(entity) is a heart of x2(entity)
- lo risna — heart.
- i mi pu ganse lo nu lo rinsa be mi cu sutra slilu — I felt my heart beating fast.
- Related words: pambe, ciblu
ritli — x1(property of x3) is a ceremony, rite for purpose x2(property of x3) in community x3(entity)
- lo ritli — ceremony, rite.
- i lo ka pinxe lo tcati su'o roi ro djedi vau fi mi'a ritli lo ka tavla zu'ai — To drink tea is our ritual that we perform every day in order to talk to each other.
- Related words: lijda, malsi, flalu, javni, tcaci, clite, junri
rivbi — x1(entity) avoids or escapes fate x2(entity, property of x1) through action x3(property of x1)
- lo se rivbi — avoided event.
- i mi pu rivbi lo ka bilma vau lo ka zmadu citka e lo ka jinru lo glare djacu — I avoided becoming ill by eating more and plunging into hot water.
- i le prenu pu rivbi loi pulji — The person evaded the police.
- Comment: bandu - to defend (not necessarily successful), fanta - to prevent, se jersi - to be chased.
- Related words: sisku, kalte, fapro
ro [digit/number] — each, all
- i ro pendo be mi cu cusku lo se du'u mi simlu lo ka tatpi — All of my friends say that I look tired.
ro'a [interjection modifier] — interacting socially (communication, customs), ro'a cu'i — not focused towards interacting socially, ro'a nai — focused away from interacting socially
- i oi ro'a ca ti mi se cfipu — Awkward. I'm confused.
- i ui ro'a cu'i mi cikre lo skami pe mi — I'm just puttering here by myself, fixing my computer.
- i ui nai ro'a no da zvati ti — I feel so lonely, nobody is here.
- Comment: used without an attitudinal to indicate focus of the speaker.
- Related words: jikca
ro'e [interjection modifier] — thinking/intellectual aspect, ro'e cu'i — not focused towards contemplating, ro'e nai — mindless action
- i ui ro'e mi morji — Yay, I remember!
- i a'i ro'e cu'i mi ba zukte — I will do it not putting much intellectual effort.
- i do marvele iu ro'e nai — There is no logic in it, you are just wonderful.
- Comment: used without an interjection to indicate focus of the speaker.
- Related words: menli
ro'i [interjection modifier] — emotionally, ro'i cu'i — non-emotionally, ro'i nai — denying emotions
- i ui ro'i sai mi'a jinga — I'm just overwhelmed with emotions, we won!!
- i do mo ro'i — How do you feel?
- i ui ro'i cu'i mi kanro — Feelings apart, I'm healthy.
- i ui ro'i nai do snada — No rejoicing from me, you succeded.
- Related words: cinmo
ro'o [interjection modifier] — being restricted to physical body, ro'o cu'i — not oriented towards physical experience, ro'o nai — denying physical experience
- i oi nai ro'o kukte — Yum, yum, it's tasty.
- i ii ro'o cu'i ka'e kargu — I'm afraid it can be expensive.
- i ii ro'o nai mi na drani punji le tanxe — No, not that it requires physical work, but I'm afraid I might not put the box correctly.
- Comment: used without an attitudinal to indicate focus of the speaker.
- Related words: xadni
ro'u [interjection modifier] — sexually, ro'u nai — sexual abstinence
- i iu ro'u doi lo nanla — Boy, you are hot, I love you.
- i do melbi iu ro'o cu'i — You are pretty, not that I love you in sexual sense.
- i do mi kansa ui ro'u nai doi lo pendo — Yay, you are with me, my buddy.
- Comment: used without an attitudinal to indicate focus of the speaker.
- Related words: seksi
roi [preposition] — turn number into adverb (or preposition) showing for how many times it happens
- i mi pu'i pa roi zvati la paris — I was in Paris once in my life.
- i mi pu'i re roi penmi la alis — I met Alice twice, two times.
- i mi pu'i so'i roi zvati la paris — I have been to Paris may times.
- Comment: event happens (n) times. The number (n) is put in front of roi.
rokci — x1(entity) is a rock
- lo rokci — rock, stone.
- i le nanla ca'o renro lo za'u rokci — The boy is throwing stones.
- Related words: kunra, jemna, canre
romge — x1(entity) is a highly reflective surface of metal x2(entity)
- i pa verba ne se pi'o lo degji pu pencu lo romge be le karce — A child touched the reflecting surface of the car with his finger.
- Related words: jinme
ropno — x1(entity) is European in x2(property of x1)
- lo ropno — European.
- i ti noi nanla cu ropno lo ka tavla tai ma kau — This boy is European in how he speaks.
rorci — x1(entity) procreates x2(entity) with coparent x3(entity)
- lo rorci — parent (procreator), procreator.
- i le ranmi danlu cu se rorci pa remna pa bakni — The mythical animal was procreated by a human and a bull.
- Related words: grute, gutra, rirni, se panzi, mamta, patfu, tarbi, bersa, ferti, jbena, sovda
rotsu — x1(entity) is thick in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo rotsu — thick.
- i le dargu cu rotsu lo ka se pagbu ti — The road is thick here.
- Comment: the third largest dimension. ganra, rotsu and clani specify the three dimensions of objects.
- Related words: barda, cinla, ganra, clani, condi, plana, gutci, minli
rozgu — x1(entity) a rose of species x2(taxon)
- lo rozgu — rose (plant).
- i pluka panci lo rozgu pe le purdi — Roses in the garden have a pleasant scent.
- Related words: spati, xunre
ru'a [interjection] — I postulate, I presume
- i ru'a mi milxe lo ka bilma — I presume, I am a bit ill.
- Related words: sruma
ru'e [right scalar particle] — shows weak intensity of interjection or interjection modifier
- i mi na ru'e se slabu do — I hardly know you.
- i ui ru'e do snada — Yay, you won.
- Comment: ui ru'e marks slight happiness, zo'o ru'e marks slightly humorous remarks.
ru'i [preposition of aspect] — continuously (protractive aspect), ru'i nai — intermittently
- i mi pu ru'i citka lo mango — I ate apples on and on.
- i pu ru'i gusni — The light was glowing.
- i pu ru'i nai gusni — The light was flashing.
ru'u [preposition of cardinal direction] — surrounding ..., adverb: around
- i pa megdo be lo toldi ca'o dansu ru'u mi — A million of butterflies are dancing around me.
ruble — x1(entity) is weak, frail in x2(property of x1)
- lo ruble — weak, frail.
- i le laldo prenu cu ruble lo ka pinxe si'u nai — The old man is weak in being able to drink himself.
- Related words: carmi, vlipa, tsali, kandi, kandi, milxe
rufsu — x1(entity) is rough in texture
- lo rufsu — rough (in texture).
- i le skapi cu rufsu — The skin is rough.
- Related words: xutla, tengu, vitci
runta — x1(entity) dissolves in x2(entity) making solution x3(entity)
- lo runta — dissolving. lo te runta — solution (mixture).
- i e'o te runta fi lo kunra — Mineral water, please.
- i le jisra cu te runta lo sakta jo'u lo jbari lo djacu — The juice is made of sugar and berries dissolved in water.
- Related words: litki, mixre, sligu, sudga
rupnu — x1(entity) costs x2(number) major money units in monetary system x3(entity)
- lo rupnu — measured in dollars / roubles / euro / yuan. lo se rupnu — money units (dollars / roubles / euro / yuan).
- i ti noi jisra cu rupnu li ci la e'uropas — This juice costs three euros (European major money units).
- Related words: jdini, sicni, jdima, vecnu, fepni, dekpu, gutci, minli, merli, bunda, kramu
rusko — x1(entity) is Russian in x2(property of x1)
- lo rusko — Russian.
- i xu do tavla fo lo rusko — Do you speak Russian?
rutni — x1(entity) is artificially made by people x2(entity)
- lo rutni — artificial.
- i ti noi jemna cu rutni lo patfu be mi — This gem is artificial and made by my father.
- Related words: rarna, se zbasu, arte, larcu, gundi, slasi
rutpapaia — x1(entity) is a papaya fruit of variety x2(taxon)
- lo rutpapaia — papaya.
- i lo makcu rutpapaia cu se panci lo rigni — Ripe papaya smells disgusting.
- Related words: grute
ry [pronoun] — r (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like ry is for the last lo rirxe used.
sa — sa [word] erases text to the left until "[word]" is found.
- i doi la alis ko klama ti sa i doi la kevin ko klama ti — Alice, come here! No, ... Kevin, come here!
sa'ai [middle separator] — See le'ai — ends a construct started with: lo'ai
- Comment: See le'ai.
sa'e [interjection] — precisely speaking, sa'e nai — loosely speaking
- i mi ca zvati lo centero be le tcadu — To be precise, I'm in the center of the city.
- i lo arxokuna cu mabru sa'e nai — Raccoons are mammals, roughly speaking.
- Related words: satci, jibni
sa'u [interjection] — simply, sa'u nai — elaborating
- i mi lo zabna pu se funca sa'u — I was just lucky.
- i do zukte ma — What are you doing?
- i mi ca tcidu sa'u — I'm just reading.
- i do tcidu ma sa'u nai dai — What are you reading, please, elaborate.
- i sa'u nai mi pu penmi pa ninmu noi mi pu tadni ka'ai ke'a — To add details, I met a woman who I had studied with.
- Related words: sampu, pluja
sabji — x1(entity) provides x2(entity, property of x3) to x3(entity)
- lo sabji — provider. lo se sabji — provided.
- i lo bakni cu sabji lo ladru mi'a — Cows provide us with milk.
- i mi ba sabji fi do fe ro se nitcu be do — I will provide you with everything you need.
- i ko sabji lo ciblu mi — Be my blood donor!
- Related words: krasi, sorcu
sabnu — x1(entity) is a cabin of vehicle x2(entity)
- lo sabnu — cabin of a vehicle. lo se sabnu — vehicle with a cabin.
- i ra pu zutse lo sabnu be le blanu karce — He was sitting in the cabin of the blue car.
- Related words: bloti, marce, vinji, karce
sacki — x1(entity) is a match, device to make fire
- lo sacki — match (lighter).
- i ko jai gau jelca fai pa sacki — Light up a match.
- Related words: fagri, jelca
saclu — x1(text) is the decimal equivalent of fraction x2(number) in base x3(number)
- i me'o re pi mu saclu li mu fe'i re li pa no — 2.5 is the decimal equivalent of the fraction 5/2 in base 10.
- i lo saclu be li pai bei li pa no cu cimni lo ka clani — The decimal expansion of the number π (pi) is infinitely long.
- Related words: namcu, frinu
sai [right scalar particle] — shows strong intensity of interjection or interjection modifier
- i ui sai do snada — Yay, you won!
- Comment: ui sai marks strong happiness, zo'o sai marks very humorous remarks.
sakci — x1(entity) sucks, inhales x2(entity) into x3(entity)
- lo se sakci — sucked, inhaled.
- i le prenu pu sakci lo danmo pe ra'i le fagri lo fepni — He inhaled some smoke from the fire into his lungs.
- Related words: cokcu, lacpu, flu'ente
sakli — x1(entity) slides or glides on x2(entity)
- i pa se esporte pu sakli lo bisli — A sportsperson was gliding on the ice.
- i o'i le loldi cu se sakli — Warning! The floor is slippery.
- Related words: mosra, fulta, skiji, xutla
sakta — x1(entity) is sugar
- lo sakta — sugar.
- i mi djica tu'a lo tcati be se cau lo sakta — I want some tea without sugar.
- Related words: silna, titla
salci — x1(entity) celebrates x2(clause) by doing x3(property of x1)
- lo se salci — event celebrated.
- i mi pu salci lo nu mi jai nanca li pa no vau lo ka litru la nipon — I celebrated my 10th birthday by travelling to Japan.
- Related words: sinma, jbena
salpo — x1(entity) is sloped with angle x2(entity)
- lo salpo — sloped.
- i ti salpo lo jganu be fi lo pinta — This is a slope towards the horizontal surface.
- Related words: kurfa, tutci
salta — x1(entity) is a salad with ingredients x2(entity)
- lo salta — salad. lo se salta — ingredient of a salad.
- i mi nelci lo salta be lo grute — I like fruit salads.
- Related words: mixre, stasu
samcu — x1(entity) is a cassava or yam of species x2(taxon)
- lo samcu — cassava, yam.
- i xu do pu'i citka lo torta be lo samcu — Have you ever eaten a cassava cake?
- Related words: patlu, genja, jalna
sampla — x1(entity) makes computer program x2(entity)
- lo sampla — programmer. lo se sampla — computer program.
- i mi sampla lo cmalu pe bau la xaskel — I write small programs in Haskell.
- Related words: proga, skami, jai gau farvi, finti, ciska, pensi, mlatu
sampu — x1(entity) is simple in x2(property of x1)
- lo sampu — simple.
- i ti noi skami cu sampu lo ka se pilno — This computer is easy to use.
- i la alis na sampu lo ka te jimpe — Alice is not easy to understand.
- Related words: pluja, curve, frili, manfo
sance — x1(sound) is sound produced by x2(entity)
- lo sance — sound. lo se sance — producer of a sound.
- i le janbe pu se sance lo cladu — The bell had a loud sound.
- i zo oi pu sance le bruna — oi was the sound the brother emitted.
- Related words: savru, tirna, voksa, siclu, slaka
sanga — x1(entity) sings x2(sound, text) to x3(entity)
- lo sanga — singer. lo se sanga — song, sung.
- i mi pu ciska lo valsi e lo zgike vu'o pe lo se sanga — I wrote down words and melody of a song.
- i le nixli ca'o sanga la'e lu mi prami do li'u — The girl is singing the song "I love you".
- i mi pu troci lo ka sanga zo ui — I tried to sing ui.
- Comment: songs can consist of lyrics and melody. x2 describes either a part of it or the whole song.
- Related words: pemci, rimni, rilti, siclu
sanji — x1(entity) is aware or conscious of x2(entity)
- lo sanji — aware, conscious.
- i mi sanji lo ka pu srera — I am aware that I made a mistake.
- i a'o le nakni cu sanji lo se cinmo be mi — I hope he is aware of my feelings.
- Related words: menli, morji, ganse, sipna, cikna
sanli — x1(entity) stands on x2(entity) supported by x3(entity)
- i ra pu sanli lo canre lo jamfu — He was standing on the sand on his feet.
- Related words: kamju, sraji, tuple, zbepi, sarji
sanmi — x1(entity) is a meal including x2(entity)
- lo sanmi — meal. lo se sanmi — dish of a meal.
- i mi pu citka pa sutra sanmi be lo sovda jo'u lo ckafi — I had a quick meal of eggs and coffee.
- Comment: the same as gunma but applied to food. One can eat both a lo se sanmi (part of meal) or lo sanmi (the whole meal).
- Related words: barja, stasu, gusta, sanso
sanso — x1(entity) is a sauce for use with x2(entity) containing x3(entity)
- lo sanso — sauce, gravy.
- i mi nelci lo sanso be lo nudle bei lo tamca — I like tomato sauce in noodles.
- Related words: sanmi, mixre, stasu
santa — x1(entity) is an umbrella
- lo santa — umbrella.
- i mi pu kanpe tu'a lo carvi gi'e jgari pa santa — I was expecting rain and took an umbrella.
- Related words: carvi, solri
sarcu — x1(clause) is necessary for x2(clause) to take place
- lo sarcu — necessary condition, condition (necessary, requirement).
- i lo ka sipna cu sarcu lo ka kanro — To sleep is a requirement of being healthy.
- Comment: nitcu is to be in need, sarcu is is necessary, is a requirement
- Related words: sau, nitcu
sarji — x1(entity) supports, holds up x2(entity) against x3(entity)
- lo sarji — supporter. lo se sarji — supported.
- i ko sarji mi lo nu mi badri — Support me against my boredom.
- Related words: bradi, darlu, fapro, sidju, tugni, bongu, ckana, cpana, loldi, sanli, selfu
sarlu — x1(entity) is a spiral or helix
- lo sarlu — helix, spiral.
- i lo calku be ti noi luska cu sarlu — The shell of this mollusk is spiral in form.
- Related words: korcu, tarmi
sarxe — x1(entity) is harmonious or in agreement with x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2, contains two places for ce'u)
- lo sarxe — harmonious.
- i lo za'u vi prenu cu sarxe lo rarna lo ka ce'u jikca ce'u — These people are in harmony with nature in interacting with each other.
- Related words: satci, panpi, mapti, tugni, ckini
saske — x1(entity) is a lore, mass of facts about x2(proposition) based on methodology x3(clause)
- lo saske — science, lore. lo se saske — subject of a science. lo te saske — methodology of a science.
- i mi tadni lo saske be le du'u mikce — I study the medical science.
- i lo cmaci cu saske le du'u lo namcu cu simxu lo ka ckini vau lo nu lanli le namcu — Mathematic is a science of how numbers are related to each other based on their analysis.
- Related words: datni, fatci, djuno, cipra, pensi, jimpe
satci — x1(entity) is exact to precision x2(property of x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo satci — exact.
- i le jubme cu satci rau da lo ka mitre li re lo ka clani — The table is exactly two meters long.
- i le jubme cu satci lo mitre be li pi no pa rau da lo ka mitre li re lo ka clani — The table is two meters long within an error of 0.01 meters.
- Related words: sarxe, dunli, merli, mapti, kancu, mintu
satre — x1(entity) strokes x2(entity) with x3(entity)
- lo se satre — stroked.
- i la kevin pu satre pa mlatu lo xance — Kevin stroke a cat with a hand.
- Related words: mosra, pencu
sau [preposition from sarcu] — requiring ...
- i do ba nenri sau lo nu do cusku lo ckiku valsi — You enter with the requirement of saying a password.
savru — x1(entity) is a noise to x2(entity) perceived via x3(property of x2)
- lo savru — noise.
- i da savru bu'u le kumfa — The room is noisy.
- i lo vi ru'i nai gusni se la'u li du'e savru mi lo ka se viska — These flashes are too noisy.
- Comment: noise can refer not only to sound but to any "noisy", i.e. irritating or chaotic objects.
- Related words: sance, cladu, kerlo, smaji, tirna, siclu
sazri — x1(entity) operates machine x2(entity) with goal x3(property of x1)
- lo sazri — driver, operator. lo se sazri — driven, operated.
- i pa pendo be mi pu sazri lo minji lo ka kakpa lo dertu — My friend operated the machine to dig ground.
- Related words: gidva, xlura, pilno, tutci, jitro, gunka
se [place converter] — switches 1st and 2nd places of verb
- i mi se slabu le nanmu i va'i le nanmu cu slabu mi — I am familiar with the man.
se ba'i [preposition from se basti] — being a replacement of ..., adverb: instead
- i se ba'i ku mi pu citka pa torta — Instead, I ate a cake.
- i mi ne se ba'i do pu zukte — I did it instead of you.
se cau [preposition from se claxu] — lacking ...
- i lo pendo be mi be'o jo'u mi pu tsuku pa cizra stuzi se cau lo ka sanji le du'u le stuzi ka'e ckape — My friend and I arrived at a strange place lacking the awareness that it can be dangerous.
se du'u [clause prefix] — turn clause into quote
- i mi pu cusku fi la edvard fe lo se du'u lo karce pe mi cu spofu — I told Eduard that my car is broken.
- Comment: x1(text) is the sentence expressing the clause x2 (clause). Used for reported speech.
se ja'e [preposition from se jalge] — resulting from ...
- i se ja'e lo ka pu cinmo lo mabla vau mi pu gunka no da — Because of my bad mood I didn't work.
se ji'u [preposition from se jicmu] — given that ..., based on ...
- i ma pemci se ji'u le se sanga — What is the lyrics of the song?
se ka'a [preposition from se klama] — going to ...
- i mi pu cadzu se ka'a le rirxe — I walked to the river.
- Comment: in the clause where seka'a is used x1 is the one who goes.
se la'u [preposition] — to the degree of ... (number follows)
- i le prenu cu clani se la'u li so'i — The person is very tall.
- i lo nu cuxna se la'u li du'e nandu — It's too hard to choose.
- i ti se la'u li so'o boske — This is jungle, not a real forest.
- i le dinju se la'u li so'i banli — To a large degree the building is great.
- Comment: shows the degree in which the verb is true.
se mau [preposition from se zmadu] — more than ...
- i nelci do fa mi ne se mau la alis — I like you more than Alice likes you.
- i mi nelci do ne se mau la alis — I like you more than Alice.
- Comment: the clause itself describes the comparison.
se me'a [preposition from se mleca] — less than ...
- i nelci do fa mi ne se me'a la alis — I like you less than Alice likes you.
- Comment: the clause itself describes the comparison.
se ni'i [preposition from se nibli] — adverb: logically therefore
- i ro gerku cu danlu i se ni'i nai bo ro danlu cu gerku — All dogs are animals. However, it doesn't follow from that that all animals are dogs.
- i mi pu na zvati le tcadu i se ni'i bo na ku ka'e ku mi penmi la kevin — I wasn't in the city so I couldn't meet Kevin.
se pi'o [preposition from se pilno] — with ..., using ...
- i mi citka se pi'o pa forca i mi pe se pi'o pa forca cu citka — I eat with a fork.
- Comment: in the clause where se pi'o is used x1 is user.
se rai [preposition from se traji] — being most in ...
- i mi ro roi jinga se rai lo ka clani — I always win being the tallest one.
- Comment: x1 of the clause corresponds to the most one in comparison specified after se rai.
se va'u [preposition from xamgu] — for ..., for the benefit of ...
- Comment: xau is preferred to this preposition.
se xau [preposition from xamgu] — thanks to ..., due to ..., benefiting from ...
- i mi co'a ricfu se xau lo ka carmi gunka — I became rich thanks to my hard work.
se'a [interjection modifier] — self-sufficiency, se'a nai — dependency
- i fa se'a le verba pu kelci — The child played by himself.
- i fa se'a nai le cifnu cu cadzu — The infant walks but not by himself.
- Related words: lacri
se'i [interjection modifier] — interjection is self-oriented, se'i nai — interjection is oriented towards others
- i oi se'i mi pu srera — Oh, I made a mistake.
- i oi se'i nai da spofu botpi bu'u lo loldi — Someone would be discontented, there is a broken bottle on the floor.
- Related words: drata
se'o [interjection] — I know from a dream, vision, or personal revelation
- i se'o do ba snada — I have a feeling you will succeed.
- Comment: za'a is for expressing external experience, se'o is for expressing internal experience.
- Related words: senva
se'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: sei
sefta — x1(entity) is a surface of object x2(entity)
- lo sefta — surface.
- i lo sefta be le najnimre cu xutla — The orange has a soft surface.
- Related words: crane, flira, plita, bliku
sei — turn verb into interjection
- i sei mi morji do sampla — As I remember, you are a programmer.
- i sei mi bebna le zarci cu se stuzi lo drata — Silly me, the store is in another place.
- Comment: ends in a selbri (main verb).
seksi — x1(entity) in activity or state x2(property of x1) exhibits biological or social sexuality x3(property of x1)
- lo seksi — sexy. lo se seksi — sexual activity. lo te seksi — social gender, biological gender.
- i ti noi finpe ca seksi lo ka punji lo sovda vau lo ka fetsi — This fish demonstrates its female sexuality by laying eggs.
- i do seksi lo ka se asna vau lo ka ninmu — You took a sexy feminine pose.
- i le tigni cu seksi lo ka dasni pa tordu skaci vau lo ka ninmu — The actor shows her female sexuality by wearing a short skirt.
- Related words: gletu, nakpinji, plibu, vibna, vlagi
selbrivla — x1(text) is a morphologically defined predicate word, verb word
- lo selbrivla — verb word.
- i zo mlatu selbrivla — mlatu is a selbrivla.
- Comment: mlatu, e'ande, zildukse are selbrivla.
- Related words: lujvo, gismu, zi'evla, cmavo
selci — x1(entity) is a cell, atom, basic subunit of body x2(entity)
- lo selci — indivisible, cell, atom, basic subunit.
- i mu'o nai do ro selci be lo xadni cu cmima pa lo so'i klesi — Furthermore, each cell in the body belongs to one out of many classes.
- Comment: kantu allows to express properties of particles.
- Related words: kantu, ratni, gradu
selfu — x1(entity) serves x2(entity) with service x3(property of x1)
- lo selfu — servant. lo se selfu — master. lo te selfu — service.
- i le gerku cu selfu mi lo ka bevri lo cutci — The dog serves me by bringing shoes.
- Related words: sidju, sarji, gunka
- N/A
senci — x1(entity) sneezes
- i gau ko ganlo fa lo moklu be do ca lo nu do senci gi'a kafke — Cover your mouth when you sneeze or cough.
- Related words: bilma, kafke
senpi — x1(entity) doubts that x2(proposition) is true
- lo senpi — irresolute.
- i mi senpi le du'u ba carvi — I doubt if it will rain.
- i lo jalge ca'o se senpi — The result is still in doubt.
- Related words: jinvi, krici, djuno, birti
senta — x1(entity) is a layer of material x2(entity) within structure x3(entity)
- lo senta — layer.
- i ti senta lo spati lo cmana jo'u lo vacri — This is a layer of plants between the mountain and the air.
- Related words: flu'ente, nenri, rirxe, sepli, snuji, jbini, bitmu, sruri, skalera
senva — x1(entity) dreams about x2(clause)
- lo senva — dreamer. lo se senva — dream.
- i mi senva lo nu mi vofli ne'i lo dilnu — I dream about flying in the clouds.
- i mi senva tu'a lo sance be lo carvi — I dream the sound of rain.
- Related words: sipna, xanri
sepli — x1(entity) is separate from x2(entity), separated by x3(entity)
- lo sepli — separate, alone.
- i zo i te sepli lo jufra lo jufra — i separates sentence from sentence.
- i lo briju pe mi cu sepli lo zdani be mi zo'ei ze'a lo cacra — My office is one hour away from my home.
- i lo xamsi ti ma sepli — What is the distance to the sea?
- Related words: bitmu, snuji, senta, fendi, curve, jinsa, bitmu, marbi
setca — x1(entity) inserts or puts x2(entity) into x3(entity)
- lo se setca — inserted.
- i le mikce cu setca pa jesni pa birka be la alis se gau lo nu le xukmi cu muvdu lo ciblu — The doctor inserted the needle into Alice's arm so that the chemical got into the blood.
- Related words: rinci, tisna, punji, jbini, nenri, jmina, culno, kunti, catlu
sevzi — x1(entity) is a self of x2(entity: by default x1)
- i mi lumci lo sevzi — I wash myself.
- Comment: sevzi is usually used in lujvo. Outside lujvo lo nei is usually used instead.
- Related words: mi, prenu, menli, jgira
sfani — x1(entity) is a fly of species x2(taxon)
- lo sfani — fly (insect).
- i xu lo vi sfani cu ckape — Are these flies dangerous?
- Related words: cinki, bifce
sfasa — x1(entity) punishes x2(entity) for x3(property of x2) with punishment x4(property of x1)
- lo se sfasa — punished. lo te sfasa — reason for punishment. lo ve sfasa — punishment.
- i le rirni pu sfasa le verba lo ka jai gau spofu fai lo palta vau lo ka na e'ande vo'e lo ka kelci bu'u lo zdani — The parent punished the child for breaking the plate by not allowing playing at home.
- Related words: cnemu, pleji, venfu, zekri, canja, dunda, jdima, jerna, kargu, prali, dapma, cirko, jinga
sfofa — x1(entity) is a sofa
- lo sfofa — sofa.
- i au mi te vecnu lo pa sfofa — I would like to buy a sofa.
- Related words: nilce
sfubu — x1(entity) dives or swoops to x2(entity) from x3(entity)
- lo sfubu — diver.
- i mi pu sfubu lo lenku djacu lo korbi be lo lalxu — I dived to the cold water from the shore of the lake.
- Related words: farlu
si — erases one last Lojban word. non-Lojban text is treated as one word
- i au mi citka lo pa kokso si perli — I'd like to eat a coconut, no, pear!
- i mi pu cusku zoi gy.hello, friends!.gy. si zoi gy.hello, kids!.gy. — I said "Hello, friends!", ehm, no, "Hello, kids!"
si'a [interjection] — similarly, si'a nai — not similarly
- i mi si'a pu vitke le tcadu i sa'u go'i ca pa drata nanca — I also visited the city (just in another year).
- i mi nelci lo finpe si'a nai — But i like fish.
- Comment: ji'a means additionally, si'a means similarly implying that there is another salient difference.
- Related words: simsa, panra
si'au [interjection] — It seems
- i si'au le fetsi cu xebni do — It seems, she hates you.
- i si'au le ctuca pu na pacna — It seems, the teacher was disappointed.
si'ei [verb] — turn number into verb denoting selected members
- i lo stati cu kakne lo ka zukte lo zabna i ku'i lo stati cu mo'a si'ei lo se gugde — Smart people can do nice things. But they represent a too small fraction of citizens.
- i lo pi mu si'ei be lo mlatu cu zabna — Half of the cats are nice.
- Comment: x1(entity) is the n-th part of group x2(entity). The number (n) is put in front of si'ei, pi mu here would mean 0.5, i.e. half.
si'o [clause prefix] — turn clause into verb
- i mi nelci lo si'o xunre — I like the color red.
- Comment: x1 (clause) is a concept described in the clause that follows.
si'u [preposition from sidju] — with the help of ...
- i le verba ca kakne lo ka cadzu vau si'u lo rirni — The child is able to walk now with the help of parents.
- Comment: in the clause where si'u is used x1 is the one being helped, the help itself is described by the clause.
si'u nai [preposition from na sidju] — without help, adverb: oneself
- i mi kakne lo ka punji si'u nai — I can put it myself.
siclu — x1(entity) whistles sound x2(sound, text)
- lo se siclu — whistled.
- i le nakni pu ca'o siclu lo cladu — He was whistling something loud.
- Related words: sance, tonga, sanga, zgike, savru
sicni — x1(entity) is a coin
- lo sicni — coin.
- i ti me lo sicni poi jdini loi fraso turni — This is a coin issued by French government.
- i mi pu cpacu ci lo sicni poi rupnu li pa — I got three coins one dollar each in value.
- Related words: fepni, jdini, rupnu
sidbo — x1(proposition) is an idea about x2(entity) by thinker x3(entity)
- lo sidbo — idea.
- i mi pu na te sidbo do lo ka se la'u li xo kau ka'e xendo mi — I had no idea of how kind to me you can be.
- Related words: ciksi, jijnu, mucti, jinvi, nabmi, pensi, xanri, si'o
sidju — x1(entity) helps x2(entity) do x3(property of x2)
- lo sidju — helper.
- i pei e'o do sidju mi lo ka tadni lo cmaci — Could you help me in studying math?
- Related words: si'u, rirni, sarji, vipsi, ferti, selfu
sigja — x1(entity) is a cigar or cigarette
- lo sigja — cigar, cigarette.
- i xu le smani ca'o damva'u lo sigja — Is the monkey smoking a cigarette?
- Related words: danmo, jelca, tanko, marna
silka — x1(entity) is a silk produced by x2(entity)
- lo silka — silk.
- i la alis pu dasni pa silka pastu — Alice was wearing a silk dress.
- i lo silka be lo ankabuta ka'e tsali — Spider's silk can be durable.
- Related words: curnu, bukpu, cilta
silna — x1(entity) is some salt, NaCl
- lo silna — salt.
- i e'o ko te cpacu lo silna mi — Please, pass me the salt.
- i lo silna be lo sodna cu cidja — A salt of Sodium is a food.
- Related words: sakta
simlu — x1(entity) seems to have x2(property of x1) to observer x3(entity)
- i mi te simlu fi do fe lo ka se la'u li du'e tadni — It seems to me that you are studying too hard.
- i le nu troci pu simlu lo ka na sarcu — The attempt seemed to be unnecessary.
- Related words: catlu, viska, simsa, zgana, ganse, jarco
simsa — x1(entity) is similar to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2 with kau)
- lo simsa — similar.
- i lo skapi be le ninmu pu simsa lo snime lo ka blabi — Her skin was white as snow.
- i mi simsa lo'e cipni lo ka zifre — I am free as a bird.
- i do simsa fi so'i da fe lo mensi be mi — You are a lot like my sister.
- i pa pendo be mi mi simsa lo ka xabju ma kau i pa pendo be mi mi jibni lo ka xabju ma kau — My friend and I live in similar apartments. My friend and I live nearby.
- Comment: jibni is used when the difference is something generally measurable, whereas simsa is about difference in quality.
- Related words: dunli, frica, mintu, panra, simlu, vrici
simxu — x1(entity group) mutually do x2(relation between members of x1, contains two places for ce'u)
- lo se simxu — done mutually.
- i do jo'u mi simxu lo ka prami — You and I love each other.
- Related words: kampu, mintu
since — x1(entity) is a snake of species x2(taxon)
- lo since — snake.
- i ko na terpa lo since — Don't be afraid of snakes.
- Related words: curnu, danlu, respa, vindu
sinma — x1(entity) respects x2(entity)
- lo se sinma — respected, venerated.
- i no prije cu se sinma lo se gugde be lo gugde be vo'a — No wise man is respected by inhabitants of his own country.
- Related words: banli, censa, misno, nelci, prami, salci, jgira
sinso — x1(number) is the trigonometric sine of angle x2(number)
- lo sinso — sine.
- i li no sinso lo radno be li pai — 0 is the sine of "pi" radians.
- Related words: tanjo
sinxa — x1(entity, text) is a sign meaning x2(property of x3) to observer x3(entity)
- lo sinxa — sign. lo se sinxa — meaning of a sign.
- i fi lo karce e lo cadzu fa lo xunre gusni cu sinxa lo sarcu be lo ka co'u muvdu — For cars and pedestrians red light is a sign that they should stop.
- Related words: lerfu, tcita, barna, mifra, smuni
sipna — x1(entity) is asleep, sleeps
- lo sipna — asleep.
- i le verba ca'o sipna — The child is sleeping.
- Related words: senva, tatpi, cikna, sanji
sirji — x1(entity) is straight or direct between x2(entity)
- lo sirji — straight, direct (straight).
- i le dargu cu sirji lo snanu jo'u lo berti — The road goes straight from the south to the north.
- Related words: korcu, linji, kuspe
sisku — x1(entity) searches for x2(property of x3) among x3(entity)
- i mi sisku lo ka te ciska vau lo nenri be le nilce — I'm searching in the furniture for something that one can write on.
- Related words: mitysisku, zvafa'i, facki, snada, fliba
sisti — x1(entity) ceases or stops x2(property of x1)
- lo se sisti — ceased, stopped.
- i ko sisti lo ka bebna tavla — Stop babbling!
- Related words: fanmo, mulno, cfari, denpa, fliba
sitna — x1(entity) quotes or cites source x2(entity) for statement x3(proposition)
- lo se sitna — quoted source.
- i lu le mamta nu'o tsuku le zdani li'u fi mi te sitna la alis — "Mother is not yet at home", I quoted Alice.
- Related words: krasi
sivni — x1(entity) is private, personal to x2(entity)
- lo sivni — private.
- i lo tadji be lo nu zbasu lo poi tai kukte vau stasu cu sivni mi — How to make such a tasty soup is a secret to me.
- Related words: gubni, mipri
skaci — x1(entity) is a skirt
- lo skaci — skirt.
- i mi pu te vecnu pa tordu skaci — I bought a short skirt.
- Related words: taxfu, palku
skalera — x1(entity) are stairs with steps x2(entity)
- lo skalera — stairway, stairs. lo se skalera — step of stairs.
- i ti skalera lo ci jarki — These are stairs with three narrow steps.
- Related words: stapa, loldi, senta
skami — x1(entity) is a computer
- lo skami — computer.
- i lo skami pe mi cu spofu — My computer is broken.
- Related words: kancu, minji, pensi
skapi — x1(entity) is a skin, leather, bark from x2(entity)
- lo skapi — skin, leather, bark (of tree).
- i lo skapi be lo cnebo be mi cu xunre — The skin on my neck is red.
- Comment: pilka is a more general term.
- Related words: pilka, calku, kerfa
skari — x1(entity) is of colour x2(entity) as perceived by observer x3(entity)
- lo skari — coloured, colored. lo se skari — colour, color.
- i le dacti cu skari lo xunre — It is colored red.
- i le flora cu skari lo tsani mi — To me the flower has the color of the sky.
- Comment: x2 is the prototype having the color, e.g. lo tsani (sky) or lo xunre (red)
- Related words: blanu, bunre, cicna, cinta, crino, grusi, narju, nukni, pelxu, xunre, zirpu, carmi, kandi, xekri, blabi
skicu — x1(entity) tells about, describes x2(entity) to x3(entity) with description x4(proposition)
- lo skicu — describer. lo se skicu — described, told about. lo ve skicu — description.
- i le gidva pu skicu fi mi'a fe lo nu mi'a cliva ca lo lerci vau lo nu lo aftobuso pu'o tsuku — The guide explained to us that we would leave later in that the bus hadn't yet arrived.
- i mi pu skicu pa cinri lisri pa panzi be mi — I told an interesting story to my child.
- Comment: skicu is to tell, cusku is to say, tavla is to talk, cusku lo notci is to notify.
- Related words: lisri, tavla
skiji — x1(entity) is a skate or ski for surface x2(entity) of sled x3(entity)
- lo skiji — skate, ski, runner on a sled. lo te skiji — sled, ski kit.
- i ai mi se marce lo skiji be lo djacu — I am going to water ski.
- i ei mi cikre lo skiji be lo djacu bei ti — I should repair runners of this water sled.
- Comment: sometimes lo te skiji (ski kit) consists of lo skiji (runners) only.
- Related words: sakli, marce, cutci
skina — x1(entity) is a video clip, movie about x2(entity)
- lo skina — movie, film, video clip. lo se skina — plot of a movie.
- i mi pu zgana pa skina be lo crida — I watched a movie about magical beings.
- Comment: can be applied to streaming video.
- Related words: tivni, vidni, pixra, finti
skori — x1(entity) is rope of filaments or material x2(entity)
- lo skori — rope, cable. lo se skori — filament of a rope, filament of a cable.
- i ti skori bi da — This cable consists of 8 filaments.
- i tu skori lo jinme — That is a metal cable.
- Comment: describes the object as consisting of more than one filament unlike cilta.
- Related words: cilta, jgena, marna, bikla, li'anzi
skuro — x1(entity) is a groove in x2(entity)
- lo skuro — groove, trench. lo se skuro — grooved surface.
- i le skuro be lo dertu cu ganra — The trench in the ground is wide.
- Related words: plixa
slabu — x1(entity) is familiar to observer x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- i mi na se slabu la kevin — I'm not familiar with Kevin.
- i la alis cu slabu mi lo ka jukpa lo kukte torta — Alice is familiar to me in cooking tasty cakes.
- Related words: fange, clani, citno, cnino, se djuno
slaka — x1(text) is a syllable in language x2(entity)
- lo slaka — syllable.
- i zoi zoi.sla.zoi slaka la lojban — "sla" is a syllable in Lojban.
- Related words: sance, valsi, bangu
slaka bu [pronoun] — , (comma)
slami — x1(entity) is a quantity of acid
- lo slami — acid.
- i lo slami pu jai rinka lo nu lo xance be mi cu cortu — The acid made my hand hurt.
- Related words: slari, nimre
slanu — x1(entity) is a cylinder
- lo slanu — cylinder.
- i mi zgana lo nu lo karce pe mi zi'e pe lo xa mei slanu cu zmadu lo laldo karce pe mi lo ka vlipa vau lo mutce — I notice that my 6-cylinder car is much more powerful than my old car.
- Related words: kamju, gunro
slari — x1(entity) is sour to x2(entity)
- lo slari — sour.
- i lo limxone cu slari so'e remna — Lemon is sour to most people.
- i le ladru cu sutra lo ka slari — The milk turns sour fast.
- Related words: slami, titla, kurki, nimre
slasi — x1(entity) is some plastic
- lo slasi — plastic.
- i ti noi dakli cu slasi — This bag is plastic.
- Related words: rutni, boxfo, bukpu
sligu — x1(entity) is solid
- lo sligu — solid.
- i le ladru mo'u dunja gi'e ca sligu — The milk froze and is now solid.
- Related words: runta, litki, gapci, jdari, dunja, pulce, jduli
slilu — x1(entity) oscillates with period x2(entity) through states x3(clause)
- lo slilu — oscillating. lo se slilu — period of oscillation.
- i le gerku pu jersi le jatna fau lo ka jai gau slilu lo rebla be vo'a — The dog followed the master, wagging its tail.
- i pa bombila pu slilu lo snidu lo ka te gusni lo xunre jo'u lo blanu — A light bulb was flickering every second changing from red to blue light.
- i le re nanla pu slilu fi lo ka bajra se ka'a jo'u te ka'a — The two boys were running to and fro.
- Related words: dikni, rilti, morna, desku, janbe, boxna
sliri — x1(entity) is a quantity of sulfur
- lo sliri — sulphur.
- i lo sliri cu se pilno fi lo ka zbasu lo sacki — Sulfur is used for making matches.
- Related words: xukmi, panci, pelxu
sluji — x1(entity) is a muscle controlling body part x2(entity)
- lo sluji — muscle.
- i ko palpi lo sluji be lo birka be mi — Touch and feel the muscle of my arm.
- Related words: rectu, xadni, zajba
sluni — x1(entity) is an onion of species x2(taxon)
- lo sluni — onion.
- i ai mi co'e lo tamca jo'u lo sluni — I'm going to have a tomato and an onion.
- i ti noi stasu cu se vrusi lo sluni — This soup tastes of onions.
- Related words: stagi
smacu — x1(entity) is a mouse of species x2(taxon)
- lo smacu — mouse.
- i pa mlatu mo'u kavbu pa smacu — A cat has caught a mouse.
- Related words: ratcu
smadi — x1(entity) guesses, conjectures x2(proposition) is true about x3(entity)
- lo se smadi — guess (hypothesis).
- i mi na birti lo se smadi be mi bei lo tcima — I'm not sure in my guess about the weather.
- i mi smadi lo nu mi'o ba bai ze'u cadzu — I guess you and I will have to walk for long time.
- Related words: djuno, facki, jijnu, sruma
smaji — x1(entity) is quiet at observation point x2(entity)
- lo smaji — silent.
- i do e'o smaji — Please, be quiet.
- i le xamsi cu simlu lo ka smaji ti — The sea looks quiet in sound from here.
- Related words: kerlo, panpi, savru, tirna
smaka — x1(entity) feels the taste x2(entity)
- i mi smaka lo tasta be le najnimre — I taste the taste of the orange.
- i mi smaka pa najnimre — I taste an orange.
- i mi smaka su'o titla — I feel something sweet.
- Related words: tasta, vrusi, ganse, palpi, viska
smani — x1(entity) is a monkey or ape of species x2(taxon)
- lo smani — monkey.
- i le boske cu culno lo smani — The forest is full of monkeys.
- Related words: mabru, danlu
smoka — x1(entity) is a sock
- lo smoka — sock.
- i mi fliba lo ka zvafa'i lo smoka pe mi — I can't find my socks.
- Related words: cutci, taxfu
smuci — x1(entity) is a spoon or scoop for x2(clause)
- lo smuci — spoon, scoop.
- i ko citka se pi'o lo pa smuci — Eat with a spoon.
- i ti smuci lo nu kakpa lo dertu — This is a scoop for digging ground.
- Related words: dakfu, forca, tutci
smuni — x1(entity, text) is a meaning of x2(entity, text) accepted by observer x3(entity)
- lo smuni — meaning. lo se smuni — meaningful.
- i ma lojbo smuni zoi sy.hola.sy. poi spano — What is the Lojban for Spanish "hola"?
- i mi pu te smuni zoi zoi.y.zoi lo nu mi na birti — By saying y I meant that I wasn't sure.
- Related words: jimpe, sinxa, valsi, tanru, gismu, lujvo, cmavo, jufra
smusku — x1(entity) says x2(clause) for audience x3(entity)
- lo smusku — who says. lo te smusku — audience.
- i la jasmin pu smusku lo jitfa do — Jasmine lied to you.
- i la kevin pu smusku lo nu do nitcu lo nu mi sidju do — Kevin said that you need my help.
- Comment: x2 is a clause, not a quote (unlike cusku)
- Related words: cusku, retsku, spusku, spuda, cu'u, bacru, tavla, casnu, bangu, dapma, jufra, pinka
snada — x1(entity) succeeds at x2(property of x1) because of effort x3(property of x1)
- lo te snada — successful effort.
- i mi pu snada lo ka gasnu tu'a lo fagri vau lo ka jai gau mosra pa grana pa grana — I succeeded in producing fire by rubbing one stick against another.
- Related words: fliba, troci, jgira
snanu — x1(entity) is to the south of x2(entity) (entity)
- lo snanu — southern.
- i lo pendo be mi cu xabju bu'u lo snanu be ti — My friend live to the south of this place.
- Related words: berti, stuna, stici, farna
snidu — x1(clause) is x2(number) seconds long
- lo snidu — second-long event.
- i lo nu mi pu bajra cu snidu li pa mu — I ran in 15 seconds.
- Comment: if x2 is not used denotes one second in duration
- Related words: cacra, junla, mentu, tcika, centi
snime — x1(entity) is some snow
- lo snime — snow.
- i le snime cu lenku — The snow is cold.
- Related words: bratu, carvi, bisli
snipa — x1(entity) sticks or adheres to x2(entity)
- lo snipa — sticky, glue.
- i lo cirla pu snipa lo moklu be mi — The cheese sticked to my mouth.
- Related words: tarla, viknu
snuji — x1(entity) is a sandwich of x2(entity) sandwiched between x3(entity group)
- lo snuji — sandwich.
- i mi pu citka pa snuji be lo rectu bei lo nanba — I ate a bread sandwich with meat inside.
- Related words: midju, nenri, sepli, senta, jbini, bitmu, sruri
snura — x1(entity) is safe from threat x2(entity)
- lo snura — safe from a threat.
- i mi'o snura lo ka se gunta lo bramlatu — We are safe from a possible attack of big cats.
- Related words: ckape, kajde, marbi, terpa, xalni, bandu
snuti — x1(property of x2) is an accident on the part of x2(entity)
- lo snuti — accident.
- i lo ka darxi la alis pu to'e snuti la kevin — It was deliberate on the part of Kevin to hit Alice.
- i le ka srera pu snuti le lanli — The error happened accidentally on the part of the researcher.
- Related words: zukte, cunso
so [digit/number] — 9, nine
- i so tadni ca catlu do — There are 9 students looking at you.
so'a [digit/number] — almost all
- i so'a prenu ca zukcfu no da — Almost all people are idle now.
- i le se gunka se la'u li so'a mulno — The work is almost done.
so'e [digit/number] — most
- i so'e prenu cu nelci lo plise — Most people like apples.
so'i [digit/number] — many
- i so'i prenu ca pindi — Many people are poor.
so'o [digit/number] — several
- i mi pu tavla so'o prenu — I talked to several people.
so'u [digit/number] — few
- i so'u prenu ca zvati le zarci — There are a few people now in the store.
sobde — x1(entity) is some soya of species x2(taxon)
- lo sobde — soya.
- i ti stasu lo sobde — This is a soya soup.
- Related words: dembi, gurni
sodna — x1(entity) is a quantity of alkali metal
- lo sodna — alkali metal.
- i la natriium cu sodna — Sodium (Na) is an alkali metal.
- Related words: jilka, jinme
sodva — x1(entity) is a quantity of soda, carbonated beverage of brand x2(taxon)
- lo sodva — soda.
- i mi pu pinxe lo sodva be lo bisli kruji — I was drinking an ice cream soda.
- Related words: jilka, jinme
solji — x1(entity) is a quantity of gold
- lo solji — gold.
- i lo solji cu kargu — Gold is expensive.
- i lo letri te jorne poi lo solji cu sefta cu xe benji se la'u li rau — Electrical junctions with gold surfaces are good transmitters.
- Related words: ricfu, rijno, narju, pelxu
solri — x1(entity) is the sun of home planet x2(entity)
- lo solri — sun.
- i ti solri so'o barda planeta — This is a home star of several big planets.
- Related words: gusni, lunra, mluni, planeta, santa, terdi, tarci
sombo — x1(entity) sows x2(entity) in x3(entity)
- lo se sombo — sown.
- i xu do mo'u sombo le tsiju lo dertu — Have you sown the seeds in the ground?
- Related words: crepu, tsiju
sonci — x1(entity) is a soldier of army x2(entity)
- lo sonci — soldier. lo se sonci — army of soldiers.
- i ti se sonci pa ki'o ji'i da — This is an army of approximately 1000 soldiers.
- Related words: damba, jenmi, xarci, pulji
sorcu — x1(entity) is a store or deposit of x2(entity)
- lo sorcu — store, deposit, stockpile.
- i ei mi klama lo sorcu be lo cidja — I should go to a food store.
- i xu le sorcu be lo datni cu akti — Is the data store active?
- Comment: vreji is record of information or computer file, lo sorcu is bound to a location, lo se sabji is stored, reserved that is not necessarily tied to a location.
- Related words: banxa, panka
sorgu — x1(entity) is sorghum of species x2(taxon)
- lo sorgu — sorghum.
- i ra pu jai gau farvi fai lo sorgu te zu'e lo ka jai gau citka lo jipci — He was growing sorghum to feed chickens.
- Related words: gurni
sorta — x1(entity) sorta is/does x2(property of x1)
- lo sorta — sorta, sort of.
- i mi sorta lo ka gleki — I'm sort of happy.
- Related words: simsa, klesi
sovda — x1(entity) is an egg or pollen from organism x2(entity)
- lo sovda — egg.
- i mi pu lebna so'o sovda be lo jipci — I took several hen eggs.
- Comment: sovda is pollen, tsiju is spore or embryo-containing egg. Hen eggs used as food are usually unfertilized and thus are sovda.
- Related words: ganti, gutra, mamta, patfu, rorci, lanbi, tarbi
spaji — x1(clause) surprises x2(entity)
- lo spaji — surprising event. lo se spaji — surprised.
- i mi se spaji lo nu do kakne lo ka zgipli lo tabra — I am surprised that you can play the horn.
- Related words: marvele, jenca, bredi, suksa
spali — x1(entity) polishes x2(entity) with polish x3(entity)
- lo te spali — polish.
- i le ninmu cu spali lo xadni be vo'a lo cakla — The woman polished her body with a chocolate.
- Related words: mosra, sraku, xutla
spano — x1(entity) is Spanish in x2(property of x1)
- lo spano — Spanish.
- i xu le ninmu cu spano — Is she Spanish?
- Related words: ketco
spati — x1(entity) is a plant of species x2(taxon)
- lo spati — plant (organism).
- i le spati cu banro — The plant is growing.
- Related words: genja, grute, gurni, latna, rozgu, stagi, tricu, tsiju, tujli, xruba, flora, pezli, srasu
speni — x1(entity) is married to x2(entity) under custom x3(proposition) ; x1 is a spouse of x2
- lo speni — spouse, wife, husband.
- i lo speni be mi cu se jibri lo ka mikce — My spouse works as a doctor.
- Related words: prami, gletu
spisa — x1(entity) is a portion or piece of x2(entity)
- lo spisa — portion, piece. lo se spisa — portioned.
- i ko sabji lo pa spisa be lo plise mi — Give me a piece of an apple.
- Related words: pagbu
spita — x1(entity) is a hospital treating patient x2(entity) for condition x3(property of x2)
- lo spita — hospital. lo se spita — patient of a hospital.
- i tu spita lo verba lo te bilma pe gau lo vidru — That is a hospital treating children for viral diseases.
- Related words: bilma, mikce
spofu — x1(entity) is broken in function x2(property of x1)
- lo spofu — broken. lo se spofu — broken function.
- i le molki cu spofu lo ka cupra lo purmo — The mill is broken and is not producing the flour.
- Related words: daspo, katna, porpi, se xrani, cikre
spoja — x1(entity) explodes or bursts into pieces x2(entity)
- lo spoja — exploding.
- i le jbama pu spoja lo pagbu — The bomb exploded into pieces.
- Related words: porpi, pagbu, cecla, jakne, jbama
spuda — x1(entity) responds or answers to stimulus x2(entity) with response x3(property of x1)
- lo spuda — responder. lo se spuda — stimulus for a response. lo te spuda — response.
- i mi pu spuda lo se retsku lo ka spusku zo je'u — I responded to the question by replying "Yes."
- i le prenu pu spuda lo se friti be le fetsi lo ka cmila — The person responded to her offer with laughter.
- i le skami na spuda — The computer is not responding.
- Related words: cusku, retsku, nabmi, danfu, spuda, cpedu
spusku — x1(entity) responds with x2 x2(text) to x3(entity)
- lo spusku — responder. lo se spusku — reply, response, answer.
- i au la jasmin ba spusku zo je'u mi — I wish Jasmine replies "Yes" to me.
- Related words: cusku, spuda, bacru, tavla, casnu, cu'u, bangu, dapma, jufra, pinka
sraji — x1(entity) is vertical in reference frame x2(entity)
- lo sraji — vertical.
- i le grana cu simlu lo ka sraji mi — The rod seems to be standing vertically from my position.
- Related words: sanli, pinta
sraku — x1(entity) scratches x2(entity)
- lo sraku — abrasive, cutting (abrasive), scratching. lo se sraku — scratched.
- i mi pu sraku lo stedu be mi — I scratched my head.
- Comment: sraku does not imply that material is removed, kakpa implies that, though.
- Related words: guska, katna, mosra, plixa, kakpa, spali
sralo — x1(entity) is Australian in x2(property of x1)
- lo sralo — Australian.
- i xu tu noi nixli cu sralo — Is that girl Australian?
- Related words: glico
srana — x1(entity) is relevant to x2(entity)
- lo srana — relevant.
- i e'o do ciska lo srana be lo fatci se lifri be do — Please write about related to your real experience.
- i xu le nu do litru cu srana lo jibri be do — Is your journey a business trip?
- Related words: ckini, ponse, steci
srasu — x1(entity) is a blade of grass of species x2(taxon)
- lo srasu — blade of grass.
- i lo bakni cu nitcu lo srasu — Cows need grass.
- Comment: expanse of grass is loi srasu.
- Related words: spati
srera — x1(entity) errs in doing x2(property of x1)
- lo se srera — error, mistake.
- i mi pu srera lo ka cuxna ma kau noi speni mi — I made a mistake in choosing my spouse.
- i mi pu srera lo ka klama la madrid — I made a mistake by going to Madrid.
- Comment: when using kau x2 can specify the actual act considered an error.
- Related words: drani, cfila, fliba
sruma — x1(entity) assumes that x2(property of x3) is true about x3(entity)
- lo se sruma — assumed.
- i mi sruma lo nu racli vau lo nu ca'o smaji — I think it'd be rational to continue keeping silence.
- Related words: smadi, birti
sruri — x1(entity) encloses or surrounds x2(entity) in direction x3(entity)
- lo sruri — enclosing. lo se sruri — enclosed.
- i le ckule cu se sruri lo cmana joi lo lalxu lo ro korbi — The school is surrounded by mountains and lakes from all sides.
- Related words: karli, senta, snuji, vanbi, se nenri, se jbini, bartu, djine
stace — x1(entity) is honest with x2(entity) about x3(property of x1)
- lo stace — honest.
- i ko stace mi lo ka pu smusku lo nu do pu zukte ma kau — Be honest with me in saying what you did.
- i sei mi stace mi na djuno — Frankly, I don't know.
- i sei mi stace na vajni mi — Frankly, it's not important to me.
- Related words: tcica, jetnu, jitfa, mipri
stagi — x1(entity) is an edible part of plant
- i au stasu lo stagi — I'd like a vegetable soup.
- i ti noi genja cu patlu stagi — This root is a vegetable of potato plant.
- Comment: includes edible fruits, vegetables, seeds, roots, leaves, stems, flowers, buds.
- Related words: grute, kobli, narge, sluni, spati, sunga, tamca
staku — x1(entity) is a ceramics
- lo staku — ceramic.
- i mi se cinri tu'a lo jungo staku — I have an interest in Chinese ceramics.
- Related words: kliti
stali — x1(entity) stays or remains at x2(entity)
- lo stali — staying, remaining.
- i mi te mukti lo ka stali vi ku ze'a lo djedi be li ci — I am going to stay here for three days.
- Related words: vitno, zasni, ralte, stodi, xabju, stuzi, renvi
stani — x1(entity) is a stem or trunk of plant x2(entity)
- lo stani — stem, trunk. lo se stani — plant with a stem (organism).
- i pa cribe ca'o cpare lo stani be pa clani tricu — A bear is climbing up a trunk of a high tree.
- Related words: tuple, mudri
stapa — x1(entity) steps on surface x2(entity) using limbs x3(entity)
- i le xirma pu jundi stapa lo bisli lo sufti — The horse carefully stepped on the ice with her hoofs.
- i mi pu stapa se ka'a le cripu — I stepped to the bridge.
- Related words: bajra, plipe, cadzu, skalera
stasu — x1(entity) is some soup with ingredients x2(entity)
- lo stasu — soup. lo se stasu — ingredient of a soup.
- i mi pu citka lo stasu be lo dembi jo'u lo silna — I ate a bean soup with salt.
- Related words: sanmi, mixre, salta, sanso
stati — x1(entity) has talent for doing x2(property of x1)
- lo stati — talented. lo se stati — talent.
- i ra stati lo ka zbasu lo bambola — She has talent for making dolls.
- Related words: jinzi, certu, rarna, larcu, kakne
steba — x1(entity) feels frustration about x2(clause)
- lo steba — frustrated. lo se steba — frustrating situation.
- i le nakni pu steba lo nu la alis di'i pante — He was frustrated of Alice's regular complaints.
- Related words: cinmo
steci — x1(property of x2 and x3) is specific only to x2(entity) among x3(entity) ; x2 is the only one, are the only ones being or doing x1 among x3
- lo steci — specific feature. lo se steci — having a specific feature.
- i fi lo jmive fa lo remna cu se steci lo ka pilno lo xislu — Among living beings, only humans use wheel.
- Related words: po'e, srana, se ponse, ckini, tcila, tutra
stedu — x1(entity) is a head of x2(entity)
- lo stedu — head.
- i lo stedu be le verba cu glare — The child's head is hot.
- Related words: drudi, mebri, xedja, besna, flira, mapku
stela — x1(entity) is a lock for sealing x2(entity), with mechanism x3(property of x1)
- lo stela — lock. lo se stela — sealed with a lock. lo te stela — locking mechanism.
- i ti stela ti noi tanxe vau lo ka te setca lo mapti ckiku — This is a lock for sealing this box; a suitable key is to be inserted into it.
- Comment: x3 describes how this mechanism works to open/close x1.
- Related words: ckiku
stero — x1(entity) is x2(number) steradians
- i lo te kojna be fi ti cu stero li pa — The vertex of this cone subtends 1 steradian.
- Related words: centi
stici — x1(entity) is to the west of x2(entity) in frame of reference x3(entity)
- lo stici — western.
- i la amerik cu stici la afrik ti — America is to the west of Africa when viewed from here.
- Related words: stuna, berti, snanu, farna
stidi — x1(entity) suggests x2(property of x3) to x3(entity)
- lo stidi — advisor. lo se stidi — piece of advice, suggestion, proposal.
- i da'i do stidi tu'a ma noi gusta — What restaurant would you recommend?
- i lo se stidi be le fetsi pu du lo nu daspo le dinju — Her proposal was to destroy the building.
- Related words: tcica, xlura
stika — x1(entity) adjusts, makes x2(property of x1) change, vary in degree x3(entity)
- lo se stika — adjusted.
- i ro linji ka'e stika lo ka clani ma kau vau ro da — Any line segment can be changed in its length to any degree.
- Comment: binxo describes that entity turns into another entity, galfi is to turn one entity into another one. cenba describes how entity changes its state while remaining the same entity, stika is to make entity change its state.
- Related words: cenba, galfi, binxo, zasni, stodi
stizu — x1(entity) is a seat, bench, chair
- lo stizu — seat, chair, bench.
- i e'a do jai gau muvdu fai le stizu ti gi'e zutse — Feel free to move the chair here and be seated.
- Related words: nilce, zutse, jubme, ckana
stodi — x1(entity) is static, constant, unchanging in x2(property of x1)
- lo stodi — constant.
- i ra stodi lo ka jinvi ma kau — He is stable in is views.
- Related words: cenba, stika, stali, vitno, manfo, zasni, tinsa, jdari
stomaxu — x1(entity) is a stomach, digestive organ of x2(entity)
- lo stomaxu — stomach.
- i lo stomaxu be mi cu culno — I am full.
- Related words: rango, betfu, moklu, risna, livga
stuna — x1(entity) is to the east of x2(entity) in frame of reference x3(entity)
- lo stuna — eastern.
- i lo nurma zdani be mi cu stuna le tcadu zdani ti — My rural house is to the west of the city apartment when viewed from here.
- Related words: stici, berti, snanu, farna
stura — x1(entity) is a structure, arrangement with components x2(entity group)
- lo stura — structure. lo se stura — structured.
- i lo dinju cu stura lo bliku — Buildings are structures made of bricks.
- i lo jufra cu stura lo valsi — Sentence is a structure made of words.
- Comment: x2 describes the whole set. For a particular member of a set use cmima.
- Related words: ganzu, morna, ciste, lujvo, greku, gerna
stuzi — x1(entity) is an inherent site of x2(entity)
- lo stuzi — site, place (location).
- i ma stuzi lo spita — Where is a hospital?
- Comment: unlike zvati the verb stuzi describes inherent places.
- Related words: jmive, diklo, bu'u, zvati, tcini, xabju, jibni, judri, lamji, mokca, stali
su'a [interjection] — I generalize, su'a nai — in particular
- i lo speni be mi be'o poi du la alis cu xebni lo birje i je su'a ro ninmu cu xebni lo birje — Alice, which is my wife, hates beer. And that shows that all women hate beer.
- i mi nelci lo ninmu y ju'e su'a nai la alis — I like women ... Alice in particular.
su'e [digit/number] — at most ..., no more than ...
- i su'e re prenu ca zvati le dinju — There are at most two people in the building.
su'i — plus, addition operator (symbol + in math)
- i li pa ci su'i mu du li pa bi — 13 + 5 = 18.
su'o [digit/number] — at least ..., no less than ...
- i su'o ci prenu pu cliva le zdani — At least three people left the building.
- i su'o prenu ca jundi — At least one person is attentive now.
- i mi pu xagji se la'u li su'o — I was hungry to some degree.
su'u [clause prefix] — turn clause into verb
- i lo su'u mi tadni vau be lo pruce cu nandu — My learning is hard process.
- i lo nu catlu lo pindi vau be lo se lifri pu cizra — It was a strange experience to look at the poor man.
- Comment: x1 (clause) is the clause (that follows) that has the type x2. Allows to specify the type of the clause.
sudga — x1(entity) is dry of liquid x2(entity)
- lo sudga — dry.
- i le grute cu sudga lo jisra — The fruit is dry of juice.
- Related words: cilmo, litki, runta
sufti — x1(entity) is a hoof of x2(entity)
- lo sufti — hoof.
- i ei do lasna le cutci lo sufti be le xirma lo dinko — You should fit the shoe to the horse's hoof with nails.
- Related words: xirma
suksa — x1(entity) is sudden at x2(property of x1)
- lo suksa — sudden.
- i mi pu suksa lo ka co'a cikna — I suddenly waked up.
- Related words: spaji, vitci, vlile
sumji — x1(entity) is the sum of x2(same type as x1) plus x3(same type as x1) plus x4(same type as x1) ...
- lo sumji — sum. lo se sumji — summand.
- i li bi sumji li mu li ci — 8 = 5 + 3.
- Comment: can have any number of places. Starting from x2 they represent summands.
- Related words: jmina, jalge, mulno, pilji
sumne — x1(entity) smells the scent x2(entity)
- lo se sumne — scent.
- i mi sumne lo panci be lo flora — I smell the scent of flowers.
- i mi sumne lo flora — I feel a flower scent.
- Related words: nazbi, panci, cpina, ganse, zgana
sumti — x1(text) is an argument, noun / name / pronoun of predicate x2(property of nonce place) filling place x3(text)
- lo sumti — noun, name, pronoun, verb argument. lo se sumti — verb, predicate. lo te sumti — place of a verb argument.
- i zo mi sumti lo ka dunda vau zo fi — mi is the third argument of the verb dunda.
- Comment: x3 quotes a preposition (like fa or to'o) that puts the argument into its position.
- Related words: brisni, darlu, gismu
sunga — x1(entity) is some garlic of species x2(taxon)
- lo sunga — garlic.
- i lo sunga cu se panci lo carmi — Garlic gives off a strong odor.
- Related words: stagi
sunla — x1(entity) is some wool from x2(entity)
- lo sunla — wool.
- i lo sunla be lo lanme cu xutla — Lamb's wool is soft.
- Related words: kosta, kumte, lanme, kanba, bukpu, kerfa
surla — x1(entity) relaxes by doing x2(property of x1)
- i mi surla lo ka vreta pa sfofa — I relax myself by lying on a sofa.
- Related words: dunku, tatpi, zukcfu, vreta
sutra — x1(entity) is fast or quick at doing x2(property of x1)
- lo sutra — fast, quick. lo se sutra — done fast.
- i la alis pu sutra lo ka punji le botpi le tanxe — Alice was fast enough in putting the bottle into the box.
- Related words: masno
sy [pronoun] — s (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like sy is for the last lo sanmi used.
ta [pronoun] — that (near you)
- i e'o do dunda ta noi penbi — Please, give me that pen near you.
ta'a [vocative] — Shows that the speaker interrupts the dialog
- i ta'a lo nobli ma se zvati lo sivni kumfa — Pardon for interrupting, but where is the toilet?
ta'e [preposition of aspect] — habitually (habitual aspect)
- i mi ta'e citka lo plise — I used to eat apples.
- i lo verba ta'e ze'i co'a tatpi — Children tend to quickly get tired.
ta'i [preposition from tadji] — by method ..., adverb: methodically
- i ta'i ma do pu tsuku ti — How did you get here?
- Comment: the clause describes the event happening via this method.
ta'o [interjection] — by the way, ta'o nai — returning to main point
- i ta'o do nanca ma — By the way, how old are you?
- i ta'o nai mi platu lo ka vitke la moskov de'i li jy dy re — Back to the point, I'm planning to visit Moscow on Tuesday.
- Related words: ni'o, vajni
tabno — x1(entity) is a quantity of carbon
- lo tabno — carbon.
- i lo kolme cu marji lo tabno — Coal consists of carbon.
- Related words: kolme
tabra — x1(entity) is a musical horn, trumpet
- lo tabra — trumpet, horn (musical instrument).
- i lo xanto cu bacru lo simsa be lo sance be lo tabra — Elephants produce sounds similar to trumpet.
- Related words: zgike
tadji — x1(property of nonce place) is a method for doing x2(property of nonce place)
- lo tadji — method. lo se tadji — done methodically.
- i lo nu jai gau glare cu tadji lo nu jukpa lo sovda — Heating is how you cook an egg.
- Related words: ciste, pruce, zukte, pluta, ta'i
tadni — x1(entity) is a student of x2(entity)
- lo tadni — student. lo se tadni — studied.
- i mi tadni lo cmaci — I study math.
- Related words: ckule, cilre, ctuca
tagji — x1(entity) is tight, snug on x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo tagji — tight, snug.
- i le kosta cu tagji le verba lo ka bekpi se pagbu — The coat is tight on the child in its back part.
- Related words: trati, jarki, kluza, rinju
tai [preposition from tasmi] — like ..., in manner ..., resembling ...
- i la kevin cu zukte ro da tai i ja'e bo mi jimpe no de — Kevin does everything in such a way I can't understand anything.
- i ba zi lo nu lo vorme co'a kalri vau le nakni pu klama lo nenri tai lo nu mi'a ca'o denpa tu'a le nakni — As soon as the door opened, he got in as if we were waiting for him.
- Comment: the clause describes the event happening in this manner.
taksi — x1(entity) is a taxi
- lo taksi — taxi.
- i ai mi klama fu lo taksi — I'm going to take a taxi.
- Related words: aftobuso, tcadu, karce
talsa — x1(entity) challenges x2(entity) at x3(property of x2)
- i mi pu talsa le nakni lo ka facki lo danfu — I challenged him in finding the answer.
- Related words: jinga, damba, darlu, jivna, nandu
tamca — x1(entity) is a tomato of species x2(taxon)
- lo tamca — tomato.
- i mi na nelci lo tasta be lo tamca — I don't like the taste of tomatoes.
- Related words: grute, stagi
tamji — x1(entity) is a thumb or big toe on limb x2(entity)
- lo tamji — thumb.
- i mi pu darxi lo tamji be mi se pi'o pa mruli — I hit my thumb with a hammer.
- Related words: degji, tance, xance, jamfu
tamne — x1(entity) is a cousin to x2(entity) by bond x3(proposition)
- lo tamne — cousin.
- i do tunba mi lo ka patfu be lo patfu — You are my cousin since we have the same paternal grandfather.
- Related words: dzena, famti, mensi, bruna, tunba
tanbo — x1(entity) is a board or plank
- lo tanbo — board, plank.
- i ne'a lo tanbo pu sanli fa lo nixli noi lo flira zo'u darsi cisma — A girl with a cheeky smile on her face was standing at the blackboard.
- Related words: bliku, kubli
tance — x1(entity) is a tongue of x2(entity)
- lo tance — tongue.
- i gau ko punli fa lo tance — Put the tongue out.
- Related words: moklu, bangu, nazbi, tamji, degji
tanjo — x1(number) it a tangent of angle x2(number)
- lo tanjo — tangent.
- i li pa tanjo lo radno be li pai fe'i vo — 1 is the tangent of "pi/4" radians.
- Related words: sinso
tanko — x1(entity) is a quantity of tobacco of species x2(taxon)
- lo tanko — tobacco.
- i ra vasxu lo tanko — He smokes tobacco.
- Related words: sigja, marna
tanru — x1(text) is a compound verb formed with component x2(text) that modifies x3(text) (entity, text)
- lo tanru — compound verb, tanru.
- i lu sutra bajra li'u cu tanru zo sutra zo bajra — melbi ractu is a tanru (compound verb) with seltau sutra and tertau bajra.
- i zoi gy.drip fry.gy. tanru — "drip fry" is a tanru.
- Related words: gismu, smuni
tansi — x1(entity) is a pan, shallow basin, sink for contents x2(entity)
- lo tansi — shallow basin, pan, sink. lo se tansi — contents of a pan.
- i ti tansi lo salta — This is a bowl for salad.
- Related words: baktu, palne, palta, patxu, kabri, botpi
tanxe — x1(entity) is a box or crate for contents x2(entity)
- lo tanxe — box. lo se tanxe — contents of a box.
- i ra pu bevri pa tanxe be lo penbi — He brought a box of pens.
- Related words: bakfu, botpi, cutne, dacru
tapla — x1(entity) is a tile
- lo tapla — tile.
- i lo sefta be le dargu cu vasru lo tapla — The road pavement contains tiles.
- Comment: for tapla the third dimension is uniform and relatively thin, for karda the third dimension is insignificant.
- Related words: bliku, kubli, matci, karda, bliku, kurfa, matci, plita, tarmi
tarbi — x1(entity) is an embryo with mother x2(entity) and father x3(entity)
- lo tarbi — embryo. lo se tarbi — mother of an embryo. lo te tarbi — father of an embryo.
- i le ninmu pu cusku fi le nanmu fe lu ti tarbi mi do pe na ku li'u — She said to him "It's not your baby." (about her not yet born child).
- Related words: gutra, mamta, patfu, sovda, rorci, tsiju, grute
tarci — x1(entity) is a star
- lo tarci — star.
- i xu nai pluka fa lo ka catlu lo tarci ca lo nicte — Isn't it pleasant to look at stars at night?
- Related words: solri, tsani
tarla — x1(entity) is a quantity of tar
- lo tarla — tar.
- i mi na kakne lo ka lumci lo creka lo tarla — I can't clean my shirt of the tar.
- Related words: kolme, pesxu, snipa
tarmi — x1(entity) is the shape of x2(entity)
- lo tarmi — shape, form (figure), look (appearance). lo se tarmi — having a shape.
- i lo balnema cu se tarmi lo finpe — Whales have the form of fishes.
- Comment: lo te marji is physical shape.
- Related words: nejni, te marji, tapla, bliku, kubli, kurfa, cukla, mapti, morna, sarlu
tarti — x1(entity) behaves oneself in manner x2(property of x1)
- lo se tarti — behaviour, behavior.
- i traji xamgu se tarti do fa lo ka da'i smaji — The best behaviour for you would be keeping silence.
- Related words: cnano, spuda, tcaci, cilce, jikca, marde
taske — x1(entity) thirsts for x2(entity)
- lo taske — thirsty.
- i mi taske — I'm thirsty.
- i mi mutce taske lo jisra — I'm dying for a juice!
- Related words: nitcu, djica, xagji, pinxe
tasmi — x1(clause) is the way or manner in which x2(clause) happens
- lo tasmi — manner.
- i lo ka plipe ga'u lo bitmu pu tasmi lo nu mi pu tsuku le purdi — Jumping over the fence, this is how l got into the garden.
- Related words: tai, ta'i, tadji
tasta — x1(entity) is a taste of x2(entity)
- lo tasta — taste.
- i lo tasta be le nanba cu titla — The bread has a sweet taste.
- Related words: smaka, vrusi, kukte, silna
tatpi — x1(entity) is tired of x2(clause, property of x1)
- lo tatpi — tired. lo se tatpi — tiring.
- i mi tatpi lo nu do so'i roi pante — I'm tired of your numerous complaints.
- Related words: cikna, sipna, surla
tatru — x1(entity) is a breast of x2(entity)
- lo tatru — breast.
- i ra se tatru lo barda — She has big boobs.
- Related words: ladru, mabru
tavla — x1(entity) talks to x2(entity) about x3(entity, text) in language x4(entity)
- lo te tavla — subject of a talk.
- i ko smaji ca lo nu mi tavla la alis fo la lojban fi lo nu prami — Keep silence when I'm talking to Alice in Lojban about love.
- Comment: skicu is to tell, cusku is to say, tavla is to talk, cusku lo notci is to notify.
- Related words: bacru, casnu, darlu, ciksi, bangu
taxfu — x1(entity) is a garment worn by x2(entity)
- lo taxfu — garment.
- i ti noi sunla kosta cu taxfu lo zvati be lo cmana gi'e jai bandu fi lo nu lenku — This fur coat is used by those who are in mountains and protects from cold.
- Related words: creka, cutci, daski, dasni, gluta, kosta, mapku, palku, pastu, skaci, smoka, lunbe
tcaci — x1(property of x2) is a custom or habit of x2(entity)
- lo tcaci — custom, habit. lo se tcaci — having a habit.
- i ra se ke xlali tcaci lo ka batci lo jgalu — He has a bad habit of biting his fingernails.
- Related words: fadni, kampu, lakne, jinzi, ckaji, cnano, tarti, ritli, javni, zekri
tcadu — x1(entity) is a city or town of area x2(entity)
- lo tcadu — city, town.
- i lo ralju tcadu be lo bu'u gugde cu darno ti — The main city of this country is far away from here.
- Related words: jarbu, nurma, cecmu
tcana — x1(entity) is a station, node for component x2(entity) of a network
- lo tcana — network station, network node. lo se tcana — network with a station.
- i ti tcana lo trene — This is a train station.
- Related words: dargu, litru, pluta, trene, ciste, ve mrilu, tivni, cradi, ve benji, fonxa, letri, fatri
tcati — x1(entity) is some tea brewed from x2(entity)
- lo tcati — tea. lo se tcati — leaf of tea.
- i mi pinxe lo tcati be lo crino pezli — I'm drinking tea brewed from green leaves.
- Related words: ckafi
tcemi — x1(entity) is compared with x2(entity)
- i mi poi tcemi do barda — I am big compared to you.
- Related words: zmadu
tcena — x1(entity) extends to range x2(entity) in x3(property of x1) from range x4(entity)
- lo tcena — stretchy.
- i lo bratu carvi cu tcena fo ti fe lo drata gugde lo vlile — The violent hail spreads from here to another country.
- Related words: kuspe, pruni, preja, ranji, trati
tcica — x1(clause) tricks or misleads x2(entity) into x3(property of x2)
- lo tcica — misleading event. lo se tcica — tricked, misled.
- i lo nu lo jbari cu xunre cu tcica mi lo ka pensi lo nu to'e se ckape lo ka citka le jbari — The red color of the berry misled me into thinking that it's safe to eat it.
- Related words: stace, xlura, stidi, kajde
tcidu — x1(entity) reads x2(text) from medium x3(entity)
- lo tcidu — reader. lo se tcidu — readable, text to be read. lo te tcidu — document to be read.
- i mi mo'u tcidu lo se ciska le bitmu — I have read what is written on the wall.
- Related words: ciska, cukta, karni
tcika — x1(number) is the time of x2(clause) happening at place or timezone x3(entity)
- lo tcika — time of day. lo te tcika — time zone.
- i le fetsi pu tsuku mo'u le se tcika — She arrived on time.
- i mi tsuku ba'o le se tcika — I arrived in time.
- i li cy pa ci tcika lo nu ei mi'o cliva — 1 pm is when we should leave.
- i li cy so my ci no tcika lo nu lo zarci co'a akti — Shops start working at 9:30
- i li cy pa no my mu sy re ze tcika le nu le jakne co'a vofli vau la nipon — 10:05:27 (Japanese timezone) is when the rocket started the flight.
- Comment: in x1 cy is put before hours, my is put before minutes, sy is put before seconds.
- Related words: detri, de'i, cacra, cerni, donri, djedi, junla, nicte, mentu, snidu, temci, vanci, dirba, mokca
tcila — x1(entity) is a detail of x2(entity)
- lo tcila — detail, feature. lo se tcila — detailed, having features.
- i lo bangu cu ro roi vajni tcila le cecmu — Language is always an important detail of a society.
- Related words: diklo, steci
tcilokoiotli — x1(entity) is a pumpkin of species x2(taxon)
- lo tcilokoiotli — pumpkin.
- i xu do pu'i smaka lo sanso be lo tcilokoiotli — Have you ever tasted pumpkin sauce?
- Related words: grute
tcima — x1(clause) is the weather at place x2(entity)
- lo tcima — weather.
- i lu ma tcima la moskov ca lo cabdei li'u lu lo solri li'u — "What is the weather today in Moscow?" "It is sunny."
- Related words: brife, bumru, carvi, dilnu, bratu
tcini — x1(property of x2) are the circumstances of x2(entity)
- lo tcini — situation, circumstances, condition (state), chance (condition).
- i ma tcini le nu do pu farlu — How did you fell down (what were the circumstances of your falling)?
- i lo nu tadni lo saske poi lo no'a na nelci cu cizra tcini — Studying a branch of science that you don't like is a crazy situation.
- Related words: stuzi, zvati, vanbi, ve pruce, ckaji, zasni
tcita — x1(entity) is a label of x2(entity) showing information x3(property of x2)
- lo tcita — tag, label. lo se tcita — tagged, labelled. lo te tcita — information on a tag.
- i ti noi sinxa cu tcita lo valsi lo ka cnino — This symbol labels words as being new.
- Related words: sinxa, cmene, judri
te [place converter] — switches 1st and 3rd places of verb
- i mi pu te vecnu pa karce pa pendo be mi — I bought a car from my friend.
- i va'i pa pendo be mi pu vecnu pa karce mi — In other words, my friend sold a car to me.
te be'i [preposition from te benji] — sent to ...
- i le prenu pu cusku da te be'i mi — He said something to me.
- Comment: in the clause where te be'i is used x1 is the sender.
te fi'e [preposition from te finti] — created with purpose ...
- i le za'u mei ba'o pilno lo minji pe te fi'e lo nu cpacu lo ctile — They no longer use machines created to get oil.
te ka'a [preposition from te klama] — going from ...
- i mi pu bajra te ka'a le za'u mei — I ran away from them.
- Comment: in the clause where teka'a is used x1 is the one who goes.
te rai [preposition from te traji] — preferring out of ...
- i lo fragari cu se nelci mi te rai lo jbari — Out of berries, I like strawberries most.
- Comment: x1 of the clause describes the most one in this comparison, the clause itself describes the comparison.
te zu'e [preposition from te zukte] — with a goal of ..., adverb: for a purpose
- i le prenu cu gunka te zu'e lo ka co'u morji — He works in order to forget.
te'ai [subscript] — subscript prefix, attaches a numeral showing dimension of a measurement verb
- i lo vi foldi cu mitre te'ai re li pa no no — This field is 100 square meters.
- Comment: mitre te'ai re is square meters, mitre te'ai ci is cubic meters.
te'o [digit/number] — exponential e (approximately 2.71828)
- i li te'o te'a vei ka'o pi'i pai ve'o du li ni'u pa — e(i × π) = -1.
temci — x1(clause) is the elapsed time from x2(clause) to x3(clause)
- i lo cacra be li ci cu temci le nu mi mo'u cliva le dinju vau le nu lo mamta mo'u tsuku le dinju — Three hours passed from the time I left the building till the time the mother arrived at it.
- Related words: cacra, cedra, citsi, ranji, tcika, junla, renvi
tende — x1(entity) tends to do or be x2(property of x1)
- lo tende — having tendency.
- i le nakni cu tende lo ka smusku lo jitfa — He tends to lie.
- Related words: lakne, zukte, fanta, ckaji, tcaci, cafne, fadni, cnano
tenfa — x1(entity, number) is the exponential result of x2(same type as x1) to the power of x3(number)
- lo tenfa — exponential result. lo se tenfa — exponential base. lo te tenfa — exponent.
- i li so tenfa li ci li re — 9 is the exponential result of 3 to the power 2.
- Related words: dugri
tengu — x1(property of x2) is a texture of x2(entity)
- lo tengu — texture. lo se tengu — having a texture.
- i lo pilka be le tricu cu se tengu lo ka rufsu — The rind of the tree has a rough texture.
- Related words: rufsu, xutla
terdi — x1(entity) is the home planet of inhabitants x2(entity)
- lo terdi — home planet, earth (planet).
- i ti terdi lo remna — This is the planet of humans.
- Comment: lo dertu is ground, dirt. But bu'u lo terdi is on the ground.
- Related words: lunra, planeta, solri, kensa, tsani
terpa — x1(entity) fears x2(clause)
- lo terpa — fearful, afraid of. lo se terpa — causing fear.
- i mi terpa lo nu lo mamta cu viska ti — I'm afraid that my mom will see this.
- Related words: snura, xalni, xanka, virnu
terto — x1(entity) is a trillion, 1012 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i ti noi tcana cu terto lo bitni be li bi lo ka vasru — This network station stores 1 Terabyte of data.
- Related words: centi
ti [pronoun] — this (near me, here)
- i ma jdima ti — What is the price of this?
- i ko stali ti — Stay here.
ti'a [preposition of cardinal direction] — to the rear of ..., adverb: behind
- i ti'a do karce — There is a car behind you.
ti'e [interjection] — I hear (hearsay)
- i ti'e ba carvi — They say it will rain.
- i ti'e le prenu cu zabna mikce — She is said to be a good doctor.
- Related words: tirna, sitna, tcidu
tigni — x1(entity) performs x2(property of x1) for audience x3(entity)
- lo tigni — performer. lo se tigni — performance. lo te tigni — audience of a performance.
- i le za'u mei cu tigni lo ka sutra dansu vau lo tadni — They are performing a fast dance before students.
- Related words: jarco
tilju — x1(entity) is heavy or massive in x2(property of x1)
- lo tilju — heavy.
- i ti noi tanxe cu je'a tilju lo ka gau muvdu re'o lo loldi — This box is really heavy in dragging it on the floor.
- Related words: linto, carmi, bunda, junta
tinbe — x1(entity) obeys rule x2(property of x1) made by x3(entity)
- lo se tinbe — rule obeyed.
- i mi tinbe lo te minde do — I obey your command.
- Related words: tolpro, minde, lacri, javni, flalu, zekri
tinci — x1(entity) is some tin
- lo tinci — tin.
- i le tanxe cu marji lo tinci — The box is made of tin.
- Related words: lante, boxfo, cnisa, jinme
tinsa — x1(entity) is rigid, stiff in direction x2(entity) against force x3(clause)
- lo tinsa — rigid, stiff.
- i le falnu cu tinsa lo pinta le brife — The sail is rigid in horizontal direction against the wind.
- Related words: toltinsa, bapli, jdari, nandu, torni, trati, xarnu, danre, stodi
tirna — x1(entity) hears x2(entity)
- lo se tirna — heard.
- i mi pu tirna lo sance be pa palta poi ca'o porpi — I heard the sound of a plate breaking.
- Related words: kerlo, sance, smaji, savru, voksa, ganse, zgana
tirse — x1(entity) is a quantity of iron
- lo tirse — iron.
- i lo solji ne se mau lo tirse cu tilju — Gold is heavier than iron.
- Related words: jinme, gasta, molki
tisna — x1(entity) is filled with material x2(entity, property of x1) ; x2 pours into x1
- i le kicne cu tisna lo pimlu — The cushion is filled with feathers.
- Related words: culno, kunti, rinci, setca
titla — x1(entity) is sweet or sugary to x2(entity)
- lo titla — sweet, sugary.
- i le badna cu titla mi — The banana tastes sweet to me.
- Related words: sakta, slari, kurki
tivni — x1(entity) is a video camera or TV center streaming x2(entity) via medium x3(entity) to TV receiver x4(entity)
- lo tivni — streaming video camera, streaming TV center. lo se tivni — streamed video.
- i ti ca'o tivni pa skina la internet lo skami pe lo zdani be mi — This camera is streaming video via the internet to my home computer.
- Related words: cradi, skina, vidni, benji, tcana
tixnu — x1(entity) is a daughter of x2(entity)
- lo tixnu — daughter. lo se tixnu — parent of a daughter.
- i ma nuzba lo tixnu be do — How is your daughter?
- Related words: bersa, se rirni, verba, nixli, fetsi, mamta, mensi
to — to ... toi are parentheses, mark parenthetical comments
- i lei verba to lei rirni pu zvati lo zarci toi pu klama lo bartu — The children (the parents were at the store) went outside.
to'e [left scalar particle] — anti- (opposite on the scale). Modifies the construct to the right
- i mi to'e ri'a nai snada — Despite that, I succeeded.
- i to'e cafne fa lo nu carvi bu'u ti — It rains here seldom.
- i mi to'e nelci lo perli — I hate pears.
to'o [preposition of place] — directly away from ...
- i da pu renro pa rokci to'o le bitmu — Someone threw a stone from the direction of the fence.
to'u [interjection] — in short, to'u nai — in detail
- i to'u mi na djuno lo danfu — In short, I don't know the answer.
- i to'u nai mi cliva ca lo lamji vanci — In detail, I leave this evening.
- Related words: tordu, clani, tcidu
toi [terminator] — ends a construct started with: to
toknu — x1(entity) is an oven for heating x2(entity)
- lo toknu — oven. lo se toknu — baked in an oven.
- i ti toknu lo cidja — This is an oven for cooking food.
- i tu toknu lo mudri — That is a wood burning stove.
- Related words: jukpa, cidja, nanba
tolckire — x1(entity) feels resentment, bitterness towards x2(entity) for action x3(property of x2)
- lo tolckire — resentful.
- i mi pu tolckire le ninmu lo ka tarti lo xlali — I felt resentful of this lady's bad behavior.
- Related words: to'e, ckire
toldi — x1(entity) is a butterfly or moth of species x2(taxon)
- lo toldi — butterfly, moth.
- i mi zgana lo tarmi be lo nu lo toldi cu vofli — I observe how butterflies fly.
- Related words: cinki
tolna'e — x1(proposition) confirms, is an evidence for x2(proposition)
- lo tolna'e — evidence.
- i le du'u la kevin na xagji cu tolna'e le du'u la kevin pu citka lo torta — The fact that Kevin is not hungry is the evidence that he ate a cake.
- i tolna'e le du'u mi ba na jinga — It's clear that I won't win.
- Related words: natfe, nibli, tugni, zanru, xusra
tolpo'u — x1(entity) is capable of performing functions x2(property of x1)
- lo tolpo'u — functional, usable.
- i le minji cu tolpo'u — The machine is functional.
- Related words: to'e, spofu, akti, kakne
tolpro — x1(entity) surrenders, yields to x2(entity) in x3(entity, property of x1) ; x1 consents to do x3
- i mi pu tolpro lo pendo lo ka klama lo dinju be lo nu skina — I accepted my friend's proposal to go to the cinema.
- Comment: tugni is to agree with some statement, tolpro is to accept something and actually do it.
- Related words: fapro, tugni, i'a, vi'o, bradi, darlu, damba, lanxe
tolrinsa — x1(entity) says goodbye, bids farewell to x2(entity) ; x1 sees x2 off
- i so'i pendo cu tolrinsa la alis — There were many friends seeing Alice off.
- Related words: rinsa, friti, a'oi, coi, co'o, di'ai
toltinsa — x1(entity) is flexible in direction x2(entity) under force x3(clause)
- lo toltinsa — flexible.
- i do simlu lo ka toltinsa lo ka tarti ma kau vau lo se cpedu be lo se prami be do — You seem to be flexible in your behavior under requests of your loved one.
- Related words: tinsa, bapli, jdari, nandu, torni, trati, xarnu, danre, stodi
tolxanka — x1(entity) calm about x2(clause)
- lo tolxanka — calm, tranquil, serene . lo se tolxanka — calm situation.
- i e'o do tolxanka — Please, calm down.
- Related words: xanka, surla, denpa, oi nai
tolycladu — x1(entity) has quiet sound at observation point x2(entity)
- lo tolycladu — quiet (producing soft sound), soft (of sound).
- i mi'a pu tolycladu tavla — We talked quiet.
- i e'o tolycladu — Please, be quiet!
- i lo bu'u purdi cu tolycladu — This garden is a quiet place.
- i le minji cu tolycladu lo bartu — The machine has a soft sound when listening from the outside.
- Related words: cladu, sance, smaji, savru
tolzdi — x1(clause) is boring, dreary, wearisome, tedious to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo tolzdi — boring, tiresome, dreary, dull (boring). lo se tolzdi — bored.
- i tolzdi se cau lo zgike — It's boring without music.
- i mi se tolzdi — I'm bored.
- Comment: lo zdile has the opposite meaning, amuzing
- Related words: zdile, cinri, panka, kelci
tonga — x1(sound) is a tone of pitch x2(entity)
- lo tonga — tone. lo se tonga — tone pitch.
- i le cipni ta'e bacru lo tonga be lo barda — The bird produces a high pitch.
- i lo bakni cu bacru lo tonga be lo cmalu — Cows produces low pitch.
- Related words: rilti, zgike, janbe, siclu
tordu — x1(entity) is short in length/width etc. x2(property of x1)
- lo tordu — short.
- i ti noi uenzi cu tordu lo ka se pagbu xo kau valsi — This text is short in the number of words.
- Comment: the first largest dimension. tordu, jarki and cinla specify the three dimensions of objects.
- Related words: cmalu, jarki, caxno, cinla, clani
torni — x1(entity) twists under force x2(clause)
- lo torni — twisting.
- i mi mo'u jai se torni lo tornozelo — I twisted my ankle.
- Related words: tinsa, trati
tornozelo — x1(entity) is an ankle of x2(entity)
- lo tornozelo — ankle.
- i lo djacu pu lamji lo tornozelo be ra — The water reached her ankles.
- Related words: cidni, jamfu, tuple, jorne
torta — x1(entity) is a cake containing ingredients x2(entity)
- lo torta — cake, torte, tart, pie, flan.
- i ti pu torta lo grute e lo kruji e lo nanba — This was a cake made of fruits, cream and bread.
- Related words: nanba, panlo, toknu
traduki — x1(entity) translates x2(text) to x3(text)
- lo traduki — translator, interpreter. lo se traduki — text translated.
- i do traduki zoi gy.Yay, hello!.gy. ma noi lojbo — How would you translate "Yay, hello!" to Lojban?
- i mi pu traduki lu coi ui li'u noi lojbo zoi gy.yay, hello!.gy. noi glico — I translated Lojban coi ui to English as "Yay, hello!"
- i mi traduki lo glico lo lojbo — I translate from English to Lojban.
- Comment: x2 and x3 can be filled with names denoting languages e.g. glico.
- Related words: uenzi, cusku
traji — x1(entity) is utmost in x2(property of x3) among x3(entity)
- lo traji — utmost, most.
- i la alis cu traji lo ka clani vau lo nixli pe ti noi ckule — Alice is the tallest among girls of this school.
- Comment: milxe and mutce don't have similar x3.
- Related words: rai, jimte, milxe, mutce, banli, curve, fanmo, krasi, manfo, prane, zmadu, mleca
trano — x1(entity) is a quantity of nitrogen
- lo trano — nitrogen.
- i lo vacri cu vasru lo kijno e lo trano — The air consists of oxygen and nitrogen.
- Related words: vacri
trati — x1(entity) is taut, strained in direction x2(property of x1)
- lo trati — taut, strained.
- i le taxfu cu tarti lo ka pinta — The dress is strained in horizontal direction.
- Related words: tinsa, torni, tagji, tcena, kluza
trene — x1(entity) is a caravan, a train of connected cars x2(entity group) on the route or railroad x3(entity)
- lo trene — caravan, train (of cars). lo se trene — member of a caravan, car of a train, carriage (of a train).
- i ti trene lo mu mei — This train consists of 5 cars.
- i so'i da trene lo kumte la silka dargu — There are many camel caravans on the Silk Road.
- Related words: tcana, kumte
tricu — x1(entity) is a tree of species x2(taxon)
- lo tricu — tree.
- i lo cribe cu kakne lo ka cpare lo tricu — Bears can climb trees.
- Related words: cindu, ckunu, pezli, mudri, spati
trina — x1(entity) attracts x2(entity) with x3(property of x1)
- lo trina — attractive. lo se trina — attracted.
- i le jibri cu trina mi lo nu mi zifre lo ka cliva lo briju ca lo nu mi djica — The job attracts me in that I may leave the office when I want.
- Related words: djica, nelci, rigni, xlura, magneti
trixe — x1(entity) is behind x2(entity) in frame of reference x3(entity)
- i le karce cu trixe le tricu le canko — The car is behind the tree when viewed from the window.
- Related words: crane, rebla, mlana, pritu, zunle
troci — x1(entity) tries to do x2(property of x1)
- lo se troci — something tried.
- i mi ba troci lo ka cpare le tricu — I will try to climb the tree.
- i lo troci ku po'o cu snada i ku'i lo troci po'o cu fliba — Only the one who tries succeeds. But the one who only tries fails.
- Related words: fliba, snada, cipra
tsali — x1(entity) is strong in property x2(property of x1)
- lo tsali — strong.
- i do tsali lo ka lafti lo tilju — You are strong in lifting heavy objects.
- Related words: ralci, ruble, carmi, vlipa
tsani — x1(entity) is the sky at place x2(entity)
- lo tsani — sky.
- i lo tsani be le xamsi cu klina gi'e banli — The sky in the sea is clean and magnificent.
- Related words: gapru, kensa, tarci, terdi
tsapi — x1(entity) is a spice or seasoning causing flavor x2(entity)
- lo tsapi — spice, seasoning. lo se tsapi — flavour of a seasoning, flavor of a seasoning.
- i ti noi cidja cu culno lo tsapi be lo cpina — This food is rich in hot spices.
- Related words: vrusi
tsiju — x1(entity) is a seed, fertilized cell of organism x2(entity) for producing offspring x3(entity)
- lo tsiju — seed, fertilized cell, spore.
- i ti tsiju lo manti lo mamta — This is a fertilized cell producing ant queen.
- Comment: sovda is pollen, tsiju is spore or embryo-containing egg.
- Related words: tarbi, dembi, grute, jbari, sombo, spati
tsina — x1(entity) is a platform or stage at x2(entity) supporting x3(entity)
- lo tsina — platform, stage.
- i lo tsani cu tsina pe'a lo galtu lo tarci — The sky is a high "pedestal" for stars.
- Related words: greku, jubme
tsuku — x1(entity) arrives at x2(entity, property of x1) via x3(entity) ; x1 reaches x2
- lo se tsuku — place of arrival.
- i mi tsuku lo xotli lo ralju klaji — I arrived at the hotel via the main street.
- i mi kakne lo ka tsuku le cmana — I can reach the mountain.
- i le nu mi tsuku pu spaji le za'u mei — My arrival surprised them.
tu [pronoun] — that over there (not near me or you)
- i xu tu du lo aftobuso pe mi'ai — Is that our bus?
- i u'e cai tu mo — Oh my, what is that over there?
tu'a — refers to a noun inside an abstraction noun. "tu'a [noun]" is equivalent to "lo nu co'e [noun]", e.g. djica tu'a lo pa plise = djica lo nu co'e lo pa plise
- i mi djica tu'a lo pa plise — I want an apple. I want something to happen with an apple (maybe, I want to eat it).
tu'e — tu'e ... tu'u — brackets for grouping sentences
- i mi cadzu ka'ai le gerku i je ba tu'e mi jukpa lo nanba i ja ca bo mi lumci le kumfa tu'u — I will walk with the dog. And then I will either cook the bread or clean the room or doth both at the same time.
tu'o [digit/number] — prefix for uncountable nouns, null operand (used in unary mekso operations)
- i tu'o sluni cu zvati le patxu — There is a mash of onions in the pot.
- Comment: outside math formulae indicates that number can't be applied to the noun.
- Related words: zi'o
tu'u [terminator] — ends a construct started with: tu'e
tubnu — x1(entity) is a tube made of x2(entity) with the hole made of x3(entity)
- lo tubnu — tube, sleeve, hose. lo se tubnu — material of a tube. lo te tubnu — content of a tube.
- i ti noi ponjo se sanmi cu tubnu lo rismi lo sovda be lo finpe — This Japanese meal is a tube of rice with caviar as its filling.
- Comment: x3 can be air, water, etc.
- Related words: kevna, canlu, slanu, kamju
tugni — x1(entity) agrees with x2(entity) that x3(proposition) is true
- i mi tugni do lo nu ti noi purdi cu melbi — I agree with you that this is a beautiful garden.
- Related words: sarxe, mapti, darlu, natfe, panpi, sarji
tujli — x1(entity) is a tulip of species x2(taxon)
- lo tujli — tulip.
- i le tujli ba zi se flora — The tulips will bloom soon.
- Related words: spati
tumla — x1(entity) is a parcel of land at x2(entity)
- lo tumla — terrain, parcel of land.
- i ti tumla pa drata gugde — This is a land of another country.
- Related words: vacri, xamsi, tutra, gugde, xamsi
tunba — x1(entity) is a sibling of x2(entity) by bond x3(property of x1)
- lo tunba — sibling.
- i do tunba mi lo ka se mamta gi'e se patfu — You are my sibling since we are born from the same mother and father.
- Related words: bruna, mensi, tamne
tunka — x1(entity) is a quantity of copper
- lo tunka — copper.
- i xu lo tunka cu narju — Is copper orange?
- Related words: jinme, lastu, ransu
tunlo — x1(entity) swallows
- i ra pu tunlo — He made a swallowing movement.
- Related words: citka, pinxe, galxe
tunta — x1(entity) pokes, stabs, pricks x2(entity)
- i le dakfu cu tunta lo tuple be mi — The knife is poking my leg.
- Related words: balre, dakfu, darxi, fanza, jicla, katna
tuple — x1(entity) is a leg of x2(entity)
- lo tuple — leg.
- i je'u ma'a se tuple vo da — We actually have four legs.
- Related words: stani, zbepi, jamfu, jimca, sanli
turni — x1(entity) governs people or domain x2(entity)
- lo turni — governor.
- i ra turni lo bu'u gugde — He governs this country.
- Related words: catni, minde, tutra, jecta, gugde, ponse, jitro
tutci — x1(entity) is a tool used for x2(property of x1)
- lo tutci — tool. lo se tutci — purpose of a tool.
- i lo vlaste cu plixau tutci lo nu tadni lo bangu — Dictionary is a useful tool for studying languages.
- Comment: basic tool types: salpo, pulni, cfine, klupe, jendu, xislu, vraga, balre, mruli, cinza, garna, pijne, pambe, canpa, utensils: forca, smuci, dakfu.
- Related words: cabra, minji, lo se pilno, zukte, sazri
tutra — x1(entity) is territory controlled by x2(entity)
- lo tutra — territory.
- i lo tutra be lo manti cu zenba — The territory controlled by ants is extending.
- Comment: needs not be land.
- Related words: catni, turni, jecta, gugde, ponse, steci, tumla
ty [pronoun] — t (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like ty is for the last lo tutra used.
u [conjunction for nouns] — whether or not
- i coi lo jbopre u lo certu — Hello, Lojbanists (whether or not you are experts).
- Related words: ju, a, e, ji, o, u
u bu [pronoun] — u (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like u bu is for the last lo uenzi used.
u'a [interjection] — gain, u'a nai — loss
- i u'a sinxa lo nu mi pu drani — Aha, that's a sign that I was right.
- i u'a nai la rob pu zabna gerku — Snif, Rob was a good dog.
- i u'a nai mi pu nu'o mo'u pinxe lo stasu — I haven't eaten up soup.
- Related words: jinga, cnemu, prali, cirko
u'e [interjection] — Ooh! (wonder), u'e nai — Pff! (commonplace)
- i u'e le lalxu cu je'a melbi — Wow, the lake is really beautiful.
- i u'e nai lalxu — So what? It's just a lake.
- i u'e ti noi jbari so'i mei cu je'a kukte — Wow, these berries are indeed tasty.
- Related words: marvele, fadni
u'i [interjection] — Ha-ha! (amusement), u'i nai — Blah (weariness)
- i u'i pa mlatu cu troci lo ka kavbu lo rebla be vo'a — Ha-ha, a cat is trying to capture its tail.
- i u'i nai mi pu tirna lo xajmi lisri pe do — Boring, I heard your funny story.
- Related words: se zdile, se xajmi, xalbo
u'o [interjection] — courage, boldness, u'o cu'i — timidity, shyness, u'o nai — cowardice
- i u'o mi do ba jai gau snura — I'm coming to your rescue!
- i u'o cu'i xu mi zifre lo ka stali — Erm, may I stay here?
- i u'o nai mi na klama lo nenri — Oh no, I'm not going to enter.
- Related words: virnu
u'u [interjection] — Sorry! (repentance)
- i u'u mi pu srera — Sorry, I made a mistake.
- Related words: xenru, zungi
ua [interjection] — Aha! Eureka! I get it! (discovery), ua nai — Duh! I don't get it! (confusion)
- i ua nai ma smuni lo se cusku be do — Huh, what's the meaning of your words?
- i ua le penbi cu nenri le tanxe — Oh, the pen is inside the box.
- Related words: facki, cfipu, sisku
ue [interjection] — Dear me! Yow! Hey?! Wow! (surprise), ue cu'i — not really surprised, ue nai — expectation
- i ue do xa'o zvati ti — Hey, you are already here!
- i ue cu'i do ca'o sipna — Well, no surprises, you are still sleeping.
- i ue nai ro da cu prane — Everything is perfect, just as I expected.
- Related words: spaji
uencu — x1(entity) is a document containing, describing x2(entity)
- lo uencu — document. lo se uencu — content of a document.
- i mi jinvi lo du'u lo vi uenci be lo nu farvi fa le bangu cu mutce lo ka vajni — I think that these documents containing the development of the language are very important.
- Related words: uenzi, jaspu, xatra, pikta, karni, papri, pelji, vreji, cukta, ciska, tcidu
uenzi — x1(text) is a text about x2(entity)
- lo uenzi — text. lo se uenzi — content of a text.
- i ti uenzi lo vajni fasnu — This is a text about important events.
- Related words: cusku, traduki, bangu, tcidu, lerfu, ciska
ui [interjection] — Yay! Hooray! Yippie! Yahoo! Whee! (happiness), ui nai — Alas! (unhappiness)
- i ui mi pu jai zu'e penmi le fetsi — Yay, I had a meeting with her.
- i ui nai mi fliba — Alas, I failed.
- Related words: gleki, fu'au
uo [interjection] — Voila! (completion), uo nai — incompleteness
- i uo mi facki pa danfu — Voila, I found a solution!
- i uo nai do tu na ru'e darxi — Oh, you almost hit it.
- Related words: mulno, mansa, fanmo, snada
uu [interjection] — Oh dear! Poor thing! (pity, compassion), uu nai — Mwa ha ha! (cruelty)
- i uu a'o do ba jinga ca lo drata — Oh you poor thing, I hope you will win another time.
- i uu nai do ba me lo selfu be mi — Mwa ha ha, you will be my slave!
- Comment: in English the word pity is often connected with the feeling of superiority which would be uu ga'i — pity combined with a sense of superiority, or uu vu'e — pity combined with a sense of virtue
.
- Related words: kecti
va [preposition of group VA] — ... space units apart
- i le prenu cu sanli va lo mitre be li re ki mi — The man is standing two meters away from me.
- i lo va tanxe cu vasru lo plise — That box contains apples.
- Comment: specifies the distance, e.g. in meters .
va'e [verb] — turn number into verb denoting position on scale
- i ro prenu cu su'o va'e lo ka bebna — Every person is stupid to some degree.
- Comment: x1(entity) is at n-th position on scale x2(property of nonce place with kau). The number (n) is put in front of va'e.
va'i [interjection] — in other words
- i mi ponse so'u jdini — I have little money.
- i va'i mi pindi — In other words, I'm poor.
- Related words: cusku, te smuni
va'o [preposition from vanbi] — provided that ..., on condition that ..., under conditions ..., in environment ...
- i da'i mi ba zukte i va'o bo do stali — I would do it provided that you stay.
vacmurse — x1(entity) happens at the twilight of day x2(entity)
- lo vacmurse — twilight.
- i ca lo vacmurse be lo prulamdei le festi pu tsuku lo dinju pe mi — Yesterday at twilight, she arrived at my house.
- Related words: cerni, kandi, vanci
vacri — x1(entity) is some air from place x2(entity)
- lo vacri — air.
- i mi vasxu lo noi culno lo kijno jo'u lo pluka panci vau vacri be lo purdi — I breathe the air of the garden full of oxygen and pleasant scents.
- Related words: gapci, kijno, trano, tumla, vasxu, xamsi
vai [digit/number] — hex digit F (decimal 15), fifteen
- i mi ba penmi do de'i li cy vai — I will meet you at 3pm.
vajni — x1(entity) is important to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo vajni — important.
- i na vajni mi — I don't care.
- i lo nu do di'i tavla fo la lojban cu vajni mi lo ka se jalge lo nu do certu tu'a la lojban — Regularly talking in Lojban is important to me in that it results in you becoming an expert in Lojban.
- Related words: banli, ralju, vamji, dirba, kargu, pajni
valsi — x1(text) is a word meaning x2(text) in language x3(entity)
- lo valsi — word. lo se valsi — meaning of a word.
- i zoi sy.parte.sy. valsi zo pagbu lo spano — "parte" means "part" in Spanish language.
- Related words: slaka, bangu, cmavo, cmene, gismu, jufra, rafsi, smuni
vamji — x1(entity, property of x2) is what x2(entity) is worth of to x3(entity) for use x4(property of x2)
- lo vamji — value. lo se vamji — having value.
- i ti noi cukta cu se vamji lo barda mi lo nu mi lanli ce'u — This book is worth a lot to me for studying.
- i ti noi cukta cu se vamji lo ka carmi zanru ce'u — This book is worth high praising.
- Related words: jdima, jerna, vecnu, dirba, janta, kargu, pleji, vajni
vamtu — x1(entity) vomits x2(entity)
- i le verba cu vamtu lo pu se citka vo'a — The child vomited what he had eaten.
- Related words: rigni, kafke, flu'ente, sputu
vanbi — x1(entity) is part of environment x2(entity)
- lo vanbi — part of an environment. lo se vanbi — environment.
- i le vanbi cu so'i mei — There are many factors.
- i lo se vanbi be le jufra cu sinxa lo nu lo cusku pu na junri — The context of this sentence is a sign that the author wasn't serious.
- Related words: va'o, sruri, jibni, jbini, ferti, tcini
vanci — x1(entity) happens in the evening of day x2(entity)
- lo vanci — evening.
- i vanci coi — Good evening!
- i vanci — It's evening.
- i ai ca lo vanci be lo bavlamdei mi vitke lo mamta be mi — I'm going to visit my mother tomorrow evening.
- Related words: cerni, cermurse, vacmurse, tcika
vanjba — x1(entity) is a grape of plant x2(taxon)
- lo vanjba — grape.
- i tu vasru lo plise e lo vanjba e lo tcilokoiotli e lo drata grute — It contains apples, grapes, pumpkin and other fruits.
- Related words: vanju, jbari, grute, tsiju, narge
vanju — x1(entity) is some wine from grapes x2(entity)
- lo vanju — wine. lo se vanju — wine grape.
- i ti vanju lo xunre vanjba — This is wine from red grapes.
- Related words: barja, birje, xalka, jikru, fusra
vasru — x1(entity) is a container or vessel containing x2(entity)
- lo vasru — container, vessel. lo se vasru — contents of a vessel, contained.
- i le tanxe pu vasru so'i cukta — The box was full of books.
- Related words: bartu, jbini, nenri, zvati, cpana, botpi, lanka
vasxu — x1(entity) breathes x2(entity)
- lo se vasxu — breathed.
- i e'u mi'o vasxu lo so'o vifne vacri — Let's breathe some fresh air.
- Related words: fepri, kijno, vacri
vau [1st meaning] — in a clause with one main verb shows the end of that clause
- i mi jinga vau ui — I won, yay!
vau [2nd meaning] — in a clause with several main verbs all the sumti after vau are applied to every main verb
- i mi so'o roi masno cadzu gi'e so'o roi bajra vau to'o lo ckule — Sometimes I walk slowly from the school, sometimes I run away from it.
ve [place converter] — switches 1st and 4th places of verb
- i le ve pluta cu tordu — The route is short.
ve'a [preposition of group VEhA] — covering some space ...
- i da lalxu ve'a lo kramu be li re ki'o lo ka mitre — There is a lake covering 2,000 square meters.
ve'e [preposition of group VEhA] — covering the whole space
- i bu'u le kumfa ve'e dertu — It's dirty all over the room.
ve'i [preposition of group VEhA] — covering a small space ...
- i lo tapla poi farlu fi le drudi cu porpi lo ve'i spisa — The tiles that fell from the roof broke into small pieces.
- i lo va ve'i cmana cu se gacri lo srasu — That hill is covered with grass.
- i da lalxu ve'i lo kramu be li re bei lo ka mitre — There is a puddle covering two square meters.
ve'o [terminator] — ends a construct started with: vei
ve'u [preposition of group VEhA] — covering a large space ...
- i lei verba pu zbasu pa ve'u snime — Children made a snowball.
- i xu do pu'i jibni lo ve'u xamsi — Have you ever been near the ocean?
vecnu — x1(entity) sells goods or service x2(property of x3) to x3(entity) for goods or service x4(property of x1)
- lo vecnu — seller, vendor. lo se vecnu — sold. lo ve vecnu — price of something sold.
- i mi pu te vecnu lo plise lo rupnu be li re — I bought apples for 2 dollars.
- i mi pu te vecnu lo ka se ctuca fi la lojban ze'a lo cacra be li ci — I bought three hours of Lojban lessons.
- i mi pu te vecnu lo ka jorne lo kibro — I bought an internet connection.
- Related words: canja, dunda, janta, pleji, jerna, kargu, prali, zarci, vamji, jdima, fepni, friti, jerna, rupnu
vedli — x1(entity) remembers experience x2(clause)
- lo vedli — witness.
- i mi vedli lo ka kansa la alis bu'u ti — I remember being with Alice at this place.
- Comment: morji describes memory of general knowledge (facts, concepts), vedli describes personal experience, autobiographical events, episodic memory.
- Related words: morji, lifri
vei — vei ... ve'o — brackets for math expressions
- i li vei ci su'i pa ve'o pi'i re du li bi — (3 + 1) x 2 = 8.
- i li ci su'i pa pi'i re du li mu — 3 + 1 x 2 = 5.
venfu — x1(entity) takes revenge against x2(entity) for wrong x3(property of x2) by doing x4(property of x1)
- lo te venfu — reason for revenge. lo ve venfu — vengeance (act).
- i la kevin pu venfu la alis lo ka kusru la kevin vau lo ka cinba la alis re'o pa li'anpi — He took a revenge on Alice being rude to him by kissing her on the cheek.
- Related words: sfasa, cnemu
vensa — x1(entity) is spring of year x2(entity) at location x3(entity)
- lo vensa — springtime.
- i ca lo vensa be lo re no no mu moi bei la australiias mi pu na zvati lo zdani be mi gugde — During Australian winter of year 2005 I wasn't in my home country.
- Related words: citsi, crisa, critu, dunra
verba — x1(entity) is a child aged x2(clause) immature in x3(property of x1)
- lo verba — child.
- i ti noi mlatu cu verba lo masti be li ci lo ka ca'o pinxe lo ladru pe lo mamta — This cat of three months old is still a kitten since he still drinks mother's milk.
- Related words: cifnu, makcu, citno, panzi, nanla, nixli, se rirni, bersa
vi [preposition of group VA] — ... space units apart, adverb: near
- i le prenu cu sanli vi lo mitre be li re ki mi — The man is standing near, only two meters away from me.
- i lo vi plise cu titla — This apple is sweet.
- Comment: ne'a mi means near me. vi specifies the distance, e.g. in meters .
vi'a [preposition of group VIhA] — throughout an area (in 2-dimensional space)
- i mi pu litru vi'a le gugde — I travelled across the country.
- i mi pu klama vi'a le tcadu — I moved around the city.
vi'e [preposition of group VIhA] — throughout a space-time (in 4-dimensional interval)
- i xu do pensi lo vi'e pixra — Are you thinking of the whole picture?
- i lo prenu vi'e cenba — People change in time and space.
vi'i [preposition of group VIhA] — along a line (in 1-dimensional space)
- i ai mi cadzu vi'i le klaji — I'm going to walk along the street.
- Comment: curved lines can also be specified with vi'i.
- Related words: sirji
vi'o [vocative] — will do that, wilco (expresses compliance)
- i lu ko lumci le kumfa li'u lu vi'o do li'u — "Clean the room." "Will do."
vi'u [preposition of group VIhA] — throughout a space (in 3-dimensional space)
- i lo fagri pu preja vi'u le zdani — The fire spread across the building in all directions.
vibna — x1(entity) is a vagina of x2(entity)
- lo vibna — vagina.
- i xu ti pixra lo vibna be pa bakni — Is this a picture of a cow's vagina?
- Related words: seksi, gletu, nakpinji, plibu, vlagi, mabla
vidni — x1(entity) is a screen, video monitor for function x2(property of x1)
- lo vidni — screen, video monitor. lo se vidni — function of a screen.
- i ti vidni lo ka jai gau zgana lo se klani be lo livla — This is the screen for showing the amount of fuel.
- Related words: skina, ve tivni
vidru — x1(entity) as a virus of species x2(taxon) capable of infecting x3(entity)
- lo vidru — virus.
- i ti vidru la rotavirus lo remna — This is Rotavirus that infects humans.
- Related words: jurme
vifne — x1(entity) is fresh or unspoiled
- lo vifne — fresh, unspoiled.
- i xu le finpe cu vifne — Is the fish fresh?
- Related words: fusra
vikmi — x1(entity) excretes waste x2(entity) from x3(entity) via x4(entity)
- lo se vikmi — excreted waste, excrement.
- i le verba cu vikmi lo pinca lo xadni lo nakpinji — The child excretes the urine from the body via the penis.
- Related words: cigla, kalci, pinca, xasne
viknu — x1(entity) is viscous, of thick consistency
- lo viknu — viscous, thick (viscous).
- i le jisra cu viknu — The juice is thick.
- Related words: denmi, snipa
vimcu — x1(entity) removes or subtracts x2(property of x3) from x3(entity) leaving x4(entity)
- lo se vimcu — removed. lo ve vimcu — remainder after removal.
- i no ladru cu ve vimcu — No milk left.
- i mi pu vimcu lo jbari le torta lo matne — I removed berries from the cake leaving the butter.
- Related words: lebna, muvdu, cpacu, canci, cliva, jdika
vindu — x1(entity) is poisonous or toxic to x2(entity)
- lo vindu — toxic, poisonous.
- i lo cakla cu vindu lo gerku — Chocolate is a poison to dogs.
- Related words: cidja, since
vinji — x1(entity) is an aircraft for carrying x2(entity)
- lo vinji — airplane, aircraft. lo se vinji — cargo of an aircraft, passenger of an aircraft.
- i mi pu ca'o vofli bu'u pa vinji be lo prenu — I was flying in a passenger's airplane.
- Related words: vofli, sabnu
vipsi — x1(entity) is a vice in x2(property of x1) to principal x3(entity)
- lo vipsi — subordinate, vice-president, vice-.
- i la kevin cu vipsi fi mi fe lo ka platu — Kevin is my vice in planning.
- Related words: krati, sidju
virnu — x1(entity) is brave in x2(property of x1)
- lo virnu — brave. lo se virnu — done bravely.
- i do pu virnu lo ka klama lo nenri be lo jelca dinju — It was brave of you to enter the burning house.
- Related words: terpa, darsi
viska — x1(entity) sees x2(entity)
- lo se viska — seen.
- i pa plise zo'u mi viska lo se skari be ri i le plise cu skari lo xunre — There is an apple. I see a color of it. The apple is colored red.
- i mi viska lo tarmi be pa najnimre i ri se tarmi lo cukla — I see the form of an orange. The orange is round.
- i mi pu viska lo nu le fetsi cu limna — I saw her swim.
- Related words: catlu, jvinu, kanla, minra, simlu, djuno, jimpe, zgana, ganse
vitci — x1(entity) is intermittent in x2(property of x1)
- lo vitci — irregular, intermittent.
- i le bombila cu vitci lo ka te gusni i ja'o le bombila cu spofu — The light bulb gives an intermittent light. It must be broken.
- Related words: ranji, rufsu, suksa
vitke — x1(entity) is a guest of x2(entity) at x3
- lo vitke — guest.
- i mi vitke lo mensi be mi bu'u la moskov — I visited my sister in Moscow.
- i ko vitke mi lo zdani be mi — Be my guest at my home!
- i mi pu'o cpedu lo ka vitke mi lo zdani be mi vau so'o pendo — I am about to invite a few friends to my home.
- Comment: x3 marks not necessarily where the visit actually takes place but to where the guest was invited.
- Related words: friti, klama, zasni, xabju, zvati
vitno — x1(entity) is permanent in property x2(property of x1)
- lo vitno — permanent.
- i ti noi senta lo dertu cu vitno lo ka bisli — This layer of soil is permanently frozen.
- Related words: stodi, cimni, zasni, manfo, stali
vlagi — x1(entity) is a vulva of x2(entity)
- lo vlagi — vulva.
- i lo vlagi be ti noi bakni cu jai se bilma — The vulva of this cow has symptoms of a disease.
- Related words: seksi, gletu, nakpinji, plibu, vibna, mabla
vlaste — x1(text) is a dictionary with words x2(entity)
- lo vlaste — dictionary.
- i lo se cukta be ti cu vlaste lo lojbo — This book is a Lojban dictionary.
- Related words: valsi, liste, slaka, bangu, cmavo, cmene, gismu, jufra, rafsi, smuni
vlile — x1(entity) is violent; x1 is an act of violence
- lo vlile — violence.
- i lo brife pu vlile — It was a storm.
- Related words: suksa, jursa
vlipa — x1(entity) has the power to bring about x2(clause)
- lo vlipa — powerful. lo se vlipa — power, might.
- i ma vlipa lo nu co'a carvi — Who is powerful enough to cause rain?
- Comment: kakne is able to do something or to be someone, vlipa is to be powerful enough to bring about events in other entities
- Related words: kakne, tsali, jitro, ruble
vo [digit/number] — 4, four
- i vo manti ca plipe le tricu — There are 4 ants climbing the tree.
vo'a [pronoun] — refers to the 1st noun of the main clause of the current sentence
- i la kevin cu zvati lo zdani be vo'a — Kevin is at home.
- i la alis cu se pluka lo ka tavla vo'a — Alice likes to talk about herself.
vo'e [pronoun] — refers to the 2nd noun of the main clause of the current sentence
- i mi tavla do ba'e vo'e — I'm talking to you about YOU!
vo'i [pronoun] — refers to the 3rd noun of the main clause of the current sentence
- i xu do pu cusku fi mi fe zo'e pe vo'i — Did you say to me something about me?
vo'o [pronoun] — refers to the 4th noun of the main clause of the current sentence
- i mi tavla fo la lojban fi vo'o — I'm talking in Lojban about Lojban.
vo'u [pronoun] — refers to the 5th noun of the main clause of the current sentence
- i mi pu klama fu lo karce fe lo patfu be mi be'o noi ta'o pu dunda vo'u mi — I went by car to my father who, by the way, had granted me it.
vofli — x1(entity) flies using means x2(entity)
- i lo toldi cu vofli lo nalci — Butterflies fly using wings.
- Related words: cipni, klama, vinji
voi — turn clause into relative clause of what is mentioned
- i lo ca vanci cu pluka i lo tai ditcu voi vanci na cafne — This evening is pleasant. Such time that is this evening doesn't happen often.
- Comment: what is mentioned as .... Starts relative clause describing what is known from context or already described.
voksa — x1(sound) is the voice of x2(entity)
- lo voksa — voice.
- i lo voksa be le ninmu cu to'e cladu — The woman's voice is quiet.
- Related words: sance, tirna, bacru
volta — x1(entity) returns to x2(entity, property of x1) from x3(entity, property of x1)
- i mi volta lo ka finti lo pemci vau lo ka finti lo prosa — I return to writing poems after writing prose.
- i mi volta la kaliforniias la nipon — I returned to California from Japan.
- i ko jai gau volta fai le jdini — Return the money.
- Related words: trixe, krefu, benji, rapli
vorme — x1(entity) is a doorway between x2(entity group)
- lo vorme — doorway.
- i ti du lo vorme poi ve klama le zarci — This is the doorway to the store.
- i tu noi kevna cu vorme lo re kumfa — That hole is a doorway between the two rooms.
- Related words: canko, ganlo, kalri, murta, pagre, bitmu, kuspe
vraga — x1(entity) is a lever for doing x2(property of x1) with fulcrum x3(entity) and arm x4(entity)
- lo vraga — lever. lo se vraga — purpose of a lever. lo te vraga — fulcrum of a lever. lo ve vraga — arm of a lever.
- i ti noi jinci cu vraga lo ka se pi'o ce'u katna lo pelji vau lo midju lo re mei — These scissors is a lever for cutting paper with the fulcrum in the middle and two arms.
- Related words: tutci, pulni
vreji — x1(entity) is a record of x2(entity) about x3(entity) in medium x4(entity)
- lo vreji — record (file), file (record). lo se vreji — recorded information. lo te vreji — information storage medium, data carrier.
- i ti vreji lo pu se cusku be mi lo skami lo pelji — This is a paper record of what I said in past about computers.
- Related words: sorcu, datni, papri
vreta — x1(entity) lies, reclines on x2(entity)
- i do pu vreta lo ckana ji lo sfofa — Were you lying on the bed or on the sofa?
- Related words: cpana, surla, zutse, ckana, lazni
vrici — x1(entity) is miscellaneous in x2(property of x1)
- lo vrici — miscellaneous, assorted.
- i lo za'u vi mlatu cu vrici lo ka skari ma kau — These cats vary in color.
- Related words: vrici, klesi, girzu, frica, simsa, panra
vrude — x1(entity) is virtuous in x2(property of x1)
- lo vrude — virtuous.
- i ra vrude lo ka sidju lo prenu — He is virtuous in helping people.
- i la kevin na ji'e vrude — Kevin isn't moral to such degree.
- Related words: palci, xamgu, marde, zabna
vrusi — x1(entity) is a taste or flavor of x2(entity)
- lo vrusi — taste, flavor. lo se vrusi — having a taste.
- i lo vrusi be le finpe cu carmi — The fish has a strong flavour.
- Comment: vrusi can describe a combination of taste and smell.
- Related words: kukte, tsapi, cpina, panci
vu [preposition of group VA] — ... space units apart, adverb: far away
- i le prenu ca zvati vu ci trene tcana ki mi — The man is now far away, three train stations from me.
- Comment: specifies the distance, e.g. in meters .
vu'e [interjection] — expressing virtue, vu'e nai — expressing sin
- i ie vu'e sarcu fa lo nu le tcadu cu se daspo — It's my virtue, I agree that the city should be destroyed.
- i mi djica vu'e nai lo nu do na cliva — My sin, I don't want you to leave.
- i ui vu'e nai mi pu citka pa titla poi mi pu zekri lebna — Yay, I ate a candy that I had stolen.
- Related words: vrude, zungi
vu'o [terminator] — ends place consisting of several nouns so that a relative clause or an interjection can be put after it making it apply to the whole place
- i zo oi e zo ua vu'o poi do pu cusku cu srana xu lo jibri be do — Are "Ouch" and "Eureka" that you said related to your job?
vu'u — minus, subtraction operator (symbol — in math)
- i li pa pa vu'u bi du li ci — 11 - 8 = 3.
vy [pronoun] — v (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like vy is for the last lo vacri used.
vy bu [pronoun] — w (letter)
xa [digit/number] — 6, six
- i xa cipni ca vofli — There are 6 birds flying.
xa'o [preposition of aspect] — already, describes what started before the given point and still taking place
- i mi pu xa'o citka pa torta — I ate a cake too early.
- i ue do ti xa'o zvati — Wow, you are already here.
xabju — x1(entity) dwells or lives in x2(entity)
- lo xabju — inhabitant. lo se xabju — home.
- i do xabju ma noi gugde — What country do you live in?
- i do xabju ma noi tcadu — What city do you live in?
- Comment: a synonym to se zdani.
- Related words: ginka, zdani, zvati, stuzi, jmive, stali, vitke
xadba — x1(entity) is half of x2(same type as x1)
- lo xadba — 1/2, half.
- i mi pu katna le plise lo re xadba — I cut the apple in half.
- i lo pa xadba be le plise cu fusra — Half of the apple is rotten.
- Related words: mulno, pagbu
xadni — x1(entity) is a body or corpse of x2(entity)
- lo xadni — body (corpse).
- i lo xadni be le ninmu cu clani — The woman's body is long.
- Related words: menli, pruxi, sluji, mulno, cutne
xagji — x1(entity) is hungry for x2(entity)
- lo xagji — hungry.
- i mi xagji lo rectu — I am hungry for meat.
- Related words: cidja, citka, djica, nitcu, taske
xagri — x1(entity) is a pipe, reed musical instrument
- lo xagri — reed instrument, pipe, oboe, saxophone, clarinet. lo se xagri — reed (of a musical instrument).
- i le nixli pu zgipli lo xagri — The girl was playing the pipe.
- Related words: zgike
xajmi — x1(entity, text) is funny to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo xajmi — funny.
- i le verba gerku cu xajmi mi lo ka plipe tai ma kau — The puppet seems funny to me in how it jumps.
- Related words: bebna, cisma, cmila, fenki, zdile
xaksu — x1(entity) consumes or uses up x2(entity)
- lo xaksu — consumer. lo se xaksu — consumed.
- i le karce cu xaksu lo so'i livla — The car consumes a lot of fuel.
- Related words: citka, festi, daspo, livla, pinxe
xalbo — x1(entity) is frivolous about x2(property of x1)
- lo xalbo — frivolous, non-serious.
- i mi pu xalbo lo ka stidi lo nu ra gidva mi'o — I wasn't serious in suggesting that he guides us.
- Related words: junri, linto
xalka — x1(entity) is a quantity of alcohol of components x2(entity)
- lo xalka — alcohol.
- i ti xalka lo se zbasu be fi lo vanjba — This is alcohol made of grapes.
- Related words: birje, jikru, vanju
xalni — x1(entity) panics about x2(clause)
- lo xalni — alarmist, panic-monger. lo se xalni — panic situation.
- i le fetsi pu xalni lo ka da'i nai pu se cinba pa fange nanmu — She panicked when she was kissed by an unfamiliar man.
- Related words: ckape, snura, terpa, xanka
xamgu — x1(entity) is beneficial to x2(entity)
- lo xamgu — good (beneficial).
- i ba zi ku mi se xamgu — Soon I'll be okay.
- i lo plise cu xamgu lo nu kanro i ji'a je lo plise cu kukte — Apples are good for your health. And, in addition, they taste great.
- Related words: melbi, xlali, vrude, zabna
xampo — x1(entity) is x2(number) amperes
- i ti noi minji cu xampo li re — This machine has a current of 2 amperes.
- Related words: letri, flu'ente, centi
xamsi — x1(entity) is a sea or ocean at place x2(entity)
- lo xamsi — sea.
- i ti xamsi lo berti — This is a northern sea.
- Related words: daplu, djacu, lalxu, rirxe, tumla, vacri, zbani, ctaru
xance — x1(entity) is a hand of x2(entity)
- lo xance — hand.
- i lo xance be do cu jai pluka fai lo ka se palpi — Your hands are pleasant to the touch.
- Related words: birka, degji, jitro, xlura, jamfu, tamji
xanka — x1(entity) worries about x2(clause)
- lo xanka — nervous, anxious. lo se xanka — nervous situation.
- i mi xanka lo nu do se la'u li xo kau kanro — I am concerned for your health.
- Related words: xalni, terpa, raktu
xanri — x1(clause) is imaginary to x2(entity)
- lo xanri — imaginary event.
- i mi na kakne lo ka se xanri lo nu mi sazri lo trene — I can't imagine myself driving a train.
- Related words: fatci, senva, zasti, cfika, dacti, menli, sidbo
xanto — x1(entity) is an elephant of species x2(taxon)
- lo xanto — elephant.
- i lo xanto cu se nazbi lo clani — Elephants have long noses.
- Related words: mabru, barda
xarci — x1(entity, property of x3) is a weapon for use against x2(entity) used by x3(entity)
- lo xarci — weapon.
- i lo ka dunda lo titla cu xarci lo verba lo makcu — Giving sugar sweets is a weapon against children used by grown-ups.
- Related words: jenmi, sonci, catra
xarju — x1(entity) is a pig of species x2(taxon)
- lo xarju — pig.
- i xu lo xarju cu simsa lo remna — Are pigs similar to humans?
- Related words: mabru, cange
xarnu — x1(entity) stubbornly opposes x2(entity) about x3(clause) ; x1 is obstinate
- lo xarnu — obstinate.
- i le nakni cu xarnu lo mamta be vo'a lo ka na volta lo zdani — He was obstinate in front of his mother in not returning home.
- i le fetsi ca xarnu fi lo ka jinvi ma kau — She is obstinate in her opinion.
- Related words: tinsa, pante, bapli, fapro
xasli — x1(entity) is a donkey of species x2(taxon)
- lo xasli — donkey.
- i lo xasli ne se mau lo xirma cu tsali — Donkeys are stronger than horses.
- Related words: xirma, kumte
xasne — x1(entity) is sweat from x2(entity) (entity)
- lo xasne — sweat. lo te xasne — sweat gland.
- i lo xasne be ra cu se cigla ti — His sweat is secreted by these glands.
- Related words: pinca, vikmi, cigla
xatra — x1(entity) is a letter to x2(entity) from x3(entity) with content x4(text)
- lo xatra — letter (message). lo se xatra — recipient of letter. lo te xatra — sender of a letter. lo ve xatra — contents of a letter.
- i ti xatra la alis mi lo se du'u mi prami la alis — This is a letter to Alice from me where I as saying I loved her.
- Comment: lo notci is any message. xatra emphasizes the communication between author and recipient, the content of the letter may not easily be categorized to a 'subject'.
- Related words: notci, ciska, mrilu, papri
xatsi — x1(entity) is 10-18 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i le vidru cu xatsi lo grake lo ka tilju — Weight of the virus is 1 attogram.
- Related words: centi
xau [preposition from se xamgu] — for ..., for the benefit of ...
- i mi mo'u tsuku xau do — I arrived for you.
- Comment: beneficiary case tag.
xazdo — x1(entity) is Asian in x2(property of x1)
- lo xazdo — Asiatic.
- i le tcaci cu steci lo xazdo gugde — The custom is specific to Asian countries.
- Related words: friko, jungo, rusko, ropno
xe [place converter] — switches 1st and 5th places of verb
- i mi xebni lo kibro xe mrilu — I hate internet mail system.
xebni — x1(entity) hates or despises x2(clause)
- i mi xebni lo ka zgana lo nu do se tasmi lo simsa — I hate seeing you like this.
- Related words: djica, nitcu, rigni, prami, nelci
xecto — x1(entity) is a hundred of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- lo xecto — 100, hundred.
- i le rirxe cu xecto lo mitre lo ka condi — The river is 100 meters deep.
- Related words: centi
xedja — x1(entity) is a jaw of x2(entity)
- lo xedja — jaw.
- i mi pu carmi cmila i ja'e bo mi na ru'e jai se torni lo xedja — I was laughing so hard that I nearly dislocated my jaw.
- Related words: stedu
xei [digit/number] — hex digit E (decimal 14), fourteen
- i mi ba cliva de'i li cy xei — I will leave at 2pm.
xekri — x1(entity) is black
- lo xekri — black.
- i nandu fa lo nu zvafa'i lo xekri mlatu bu'u lo manku kumfa — It's hard to find a black cat in a dark room.
- Related words: blabi, grusi, manku, skari, xekri, kandi, carmi, blanu, bunre, cicna, crino, narju, nukni, pelxu, xunre, zirpu
xendo — x1(entity) is kind to x2(entity) in doing x3(property of x1)
- lo xendo — kind (generous), warm-hearted. lo te xendo — act of kindness.
- i ra pu xendo mi lo ka dunda pa sanmi mi — He was kind to me in providing me with a meal.
- Related words: cinmo, kecti, pendo, kusru
xenru — x1(entity) regrets x2(clause, property of x1)
- lo se xenru — regretted.
- i do ba xenru lo ka lazni — You will regret your laziness.
- Related words: u'u, zungi
xexso — x1(entity) is 1018 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo xexso be lo snidu bei lo ka ditcu cu gigdo lo nanca be li ji'i ci re bei lo ka ditcu — 1 exasecond is approximately 32 billion years.
- Related words: centi
xi [subscript] — subscript prefix, attaches a numeral to a pronoun, preposition, place converter or a verb word giving new meanings
- i mi se xi ba'e pa prami la kevin — I love (love!) Kevin (not that he loves me).
- i mi do se xi vei pa e re prami — I love you, and you love me.
- i fa xi xo'e mi fa xi xo'e do viska — You, I see (maybe you see me, maybe I see you, context will tell).
- Comment: se xi re is the same as se, se xi ci is the same as te. se xi pa just emphasizes the normal order of places as if there wasn't se xi pa put here.
xindo — x1(entity) is Hindi in x2(property of x1)
- lo xindo — belonging to Hindi.
- i le uenzi cu xindo — The text is in Hindi.
xinmo — x1(entity) is some ink of color x2(entity) used by writing device x3(entity)
- lo xinmo — ink. lo se xinmo — color of ink. lo te xinmo — ink pen.
- i lo penbi pe mi co'u te xinmo fi da — My pen has run out of ink.
- i ti xinmo lo blanu — This is blue ink.
- Related words: penbi
xirma — x1(entity) is a horse of species x2(taxon)
- lo xirma — horse.
- i le grusi xirma pu'i sutra — The gray horse is fast.
- Related words: sufti, xasli, kumte
xislu — x1(entity) is a wheel of vehicle x2(entity)
- lo xislu — wheel. lo se xislu — wheeled.
- i xu do mo'u cikre le xislu — Have you fixed the wheel?
- Related words: carce, karce, pulni, tutci
xlali — x1(entity) is detrimental to x2(entity)
- lo xlali — bad.
- i lo nu lo speni be mi cu bilma cu xlali da'i mi — An illness of my spouse would be bad for me.
- Related words: palci, mabla, xamgu, betri
xlura — x1(entity) lures or influences x2(entity) into x3(property of x2)
- i do pu xlura sa'u mi lo ka te vecnu ti noi dinju vau ta'i lo ka jai gau cenba fai lo jdima — You just lured me into buying this house by changing the price.
- Related words: djica, mukti, trina, jitro, sazri, tcica, xance, stidi, kajde, magneti
xo [digit/number] — asks for the digit or number (that should go into the place to which xo is put)
- i xo prenu ba zvati le nu penmi — How many people will be present at the meeting?
- i lu do nanca li xo li'u lu pa ci li'u — "How old are you?" "Thirteen."
xo'e [digit/number] — a number unspecified or known from context
- i re xo'e prenu pu zvati le kumfa — 20 - 29 people were present in the room.
- Related words: tu'o, xo, zo'e, co'e, do'e
xo'o [interjection modifier] — verbal irony, xo'o nai — I mean it! (sincerely)
- i je'u xo'o do ne se mau djuno — Yes, of course, you know better (sarcastically)!
- i xo'o nai sai do pu se la'u li rau gunka — With full sincerity, I can tell you that you worked enough.
- Comment: For xo'o the intended meaning is the opposite of that expressed by the words used, in xo'o nai it explicitely marks the intended meaning as matching the words. Sarcasm isn't necessarily implied.
xotli — x1(entity) is a hotel or inn
- lo xotli — hotel.
- i la uestern poi xotli cu zvati ma — Where is "Western" hotel?
- Related words: barja, gusta
xrabo — x1(entity) is Arabic in x2(property of x1)
- lo xrabo — Arabic.
- i lo pendo be mi cu xrabo — My friend is Arabic.
xrani — x1(entity) injures x2(entity)
- i le nanla pu xrani lo cidni be vo'a ja'e lo nu ri cortu — The boy injured his knee so that it hurt.
- i lo jalge be le nu xrani cu ckape — The injury is dangerous.
- Related words: cortu, daspo, spofu, katna, porpi
xriso — x1(entity) is Christian in x2(property of x1)
- lo xriso — Christian.
- i le nanmu pu klama pa malsi be lo xriso — The woman went to a Christian temple.
- Related words: jegvo, lijda
xruba — x1(entity) is some buckwheat of species x2(taxon)
- lo xruba — buckwheat.
- i bu'u la nipon lo prenu cu citka lo xruba nudle — In Japan people like eating buckwheat noodles.
- Related words: spati
xruki — x1(entity) is a turkey of species x2(taxon)
- lo xruki — turkey.
- i xu do pu su'o roi citka lo xruki — Have you ever eaten turkey?
- Related words: cipni
xrula — x1(entity) is a flower of plant or species x2(taxon)
- lo xrula — flower.
- i ti noi xrula cu rozgu — This flower is a rose.
- Comment: synonym to flora.
- Related words: spati
xu [interjection] — true-false question, xu nai — false-true question
- i xu do pu djuno — Did you know?
- i xu nai do pu djuno — Didn't you know?
xukmi — x1(entity) is the chemical x2(entity) with purity x3(property of x1)
- lo xukmi — chemical.
- i ti noi djine cu xukmi lo solji li pi mu bi mu — This ring is 58.5% pure gold (58.5 out of 100 parts is pure gold).
- Related words: curve, cidro, marna, nimre
xunre — x1(entity) is red
- lo xunre — red.
- i ko dunda le xunre cukta mi — Give me the red book.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, nukni, narju, rozgu, zirpu
xusra — x1(entity) claims, asserts that x2(proposition) is true
- lo xusra — claimant. lo se xusra — claim.
- i lo djuno be lo zmadu cu xusra lo se zmadu — Who knows more claims less.
- i xu do xusra le du'u le terdi cu carna le solri — Are you asserting that the Earth goes round the Sun?
- Related words: natfe, nupre
xutla — x1(entity) is smooth
- lo xutla — smooth.
- i le djacu cu simlu lo ka xutla tai lo ka blaci — The water looks smooth as glass.
- Related words: plita, rufsu, tengu, dikni, pinta, sakli, spali
xy [pronoun] — x (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like xy is for the last lo xendo used.
y — Err, hesitation noise
- i mi te vecnu lo vi plise e y lo vu perli — I'm buying these apples and, umm, the pears over there.
- Comment: maintains the floor while speaker decides what to say next.
y bu [pronoun] — y (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like y bu is for the last la yrl used.
y'y [pronoun] — ' (apostrophe; letter)
za [preposition of group ZI] — (time units) ... ago or in ... (time units), adverb: some time ago (unspecified or known from context) or in some time
- i mi ba volta za lo djedi be li ci — I will return in three days.
- i mi pu volta za lo nanca be li mu — I returned 5 years ago.
- Comment: often used after pu or ba.
- Related words: zi, za, zu
za'a [interjection] — I observe
- i oi nai za'a melbi tcima — Oh, what a nice weather.
- i za'a le aftobuso cu jai lerci — Apparently, the bus is late.
- i za'a cladu bu'u lo bartu — I can hear the loud sound outside.
- i ja'o carmi carvi — So it must be raining heavily.
- Comment: za'a is for expressing external experience, se'o is for expressing internal experience.
- Related words: zgana, lanli
za'e [left interjection] — marks the following construct as nonce (made up for this specific context) or as used not in its usual meaning
- i mi pu za'e derpi i va'i mi pu smusku lo jai se bebna — I "derped". In other words, I said something stupid.
- Related words: ba'e, za'e
za'o [preposition of aspect] — still lasting after the given point
- i mi pu za'o citka lo titla ba lo nu mi mo'u citka lo sanmi pe mi — I kept eating candies after my meal was over.
za'u [digit/number] — greater than ... (number follows); by default denotes plural number
- i le za'u verba ca'o citka le kumfa — The children are eating in the room.
- i za'u prenu pu'o klama — More people are about to come.
- i xu do djica za'u djacu — Do you want more water?
za'u re'u [preposition] — adverb: again
- i e'o do za'u re'u cusku — Could you repeat that?
zabna — x1(entity) is superb, admirable in x2(property of x1)
- lo zabna — superb, admirable.
- i le jisra cu zabna lo ka se tasta — The juice is superb in taste.
- i ra zabna lo ka se sance — Her voice is cool.
- Related words: mabla, xamgu, funca, vrude, banli
zajba — x1(entity) is a gymnast performing x2(property of x1)
- lo zajba — gymnast. lo se zajba — gymnastic feat.
- i ra zajba lo ka se rilti muvdu — He is a rhythmic gymnast.
- Related words: sluji, dansu
zalvi — x1(entity) grinds x2(entity) into powder x3(entity)
- lo te zalvi — powder produced by grinding.
- i mi'a zalvi lo maxri lo purmo — We grind wheat into flour.
- Related words: daspo, purmo, marxa, pulce, canre, molki
zanru — x1(entity) approves of x2(clause)
- i mi zanru le se platu be do — I approve of your plan.
- Related words: natfe
zarci — x1(entity) is a market selling x2(entity)
- lo zarci — market (trading site).
- i le zarci be lo rectu de'i li cy vo co'u akti — The butchery closes at 4 o'clock.
- Related words: vecnu, canja, dinju, banxa
zargu — x1(entity) is a buttock of x2(entity)
- lo zargu — buttocks.
- i le ninmu mo'u batci lo zargu be le nanmu se pi'o lo xance — She pinched his buttocks with a hand.
- Related words: ganxo, mabla
zasni — x1(entity) is temporary in property x2(property of x1)
- lo zasni — temporary.
- i ti noi dinju ba zasni lo ka mi xabju — I will temporarily live in this building.
- Related words: vitno, stodi, cenba, galfi, binxo, stika, stali, tcini, vitke
zasti — x1(entity) exists or is real to x2(entity) under metaphysics x3(proposition)
- lo zasti — existing.
- i do zasti mi lo se senva be mi — You are real for me in my dreams.
- Related words: fatci, xanri
zbabu — x1(entity) is some soap(entity)
- lo zbabu — soap.
- i ti noi zbabu cu se zbasu fi lo jilka jo'u lo grasu jo'u lo djacu — This soap is made of alkali, fat and water.
- Related words: lumci, fonmo
zbani — x1(entity) is a bay of coast x2(entity)
- lo zbani — bay. lo se zbani — coast, shore.
- i ti zbani lo tumla pe la nipon — This is a coast of the Japanese land.
- Related words: lalxu, xamsi
zbasu — x1(entity) makes or assembles x2(entity) from parts x3(entity)
- lo zbasu — assembler.
- i zbasu lo cirla lo ladru — Cheese is made from milk.
- i xu do mo'u zbasu le dinju — Have you finished building the house?
- Related words: cupra, larcu, rutni, finti, gundi
zbepi — x1(entity) is a pedestal, stand supporting x2(entity)
- lo zbepi — pedestal, stand.
- i ti zbepi lo tansi — This is a stand for the pan.
- Related words: jamfu, jicmu, jubme, tuple, ckana, cpana, loldi, sanli
zdani — x1(entity) is a home of x2(entity) ; x2 inhabits x1
- lo zdani — home. lo se zdani — inhabitant.
- i lo zdani be mi cu zdani be do — My home is your home.
- Related words: dinju, ginka, kumfa, se xabju
zdile — x1(clause) is amusing to x2(entity) in x3(property of x1)
- lo zdile — amusing. lo se zdile — amused.
- i le verba mlatu cu zdile mi lo ka tai ma kau plipe — The kitten is amusing in how it jumps.
- Comment: lo xajmi is funny.
- Related words: cinri, panka, kelci
ze [digit/number] — 7, seven
- i li cy ze tcika ti — It's 7 o'clock.
ze'a [preposition of group ZEhA] — during ... , adverb: for some time (unspecified or known from context)
- i mi pu ze'a sipna — I slept for a while.
- Related words: ze'i, ze'a, ze'u, ze'e
ze'e [preposition of group ZEhA] — eternally
- i mi ba ze'e prami do — I will always love you.
- i mi ze'e prami do — I loved, love and will love you.
- Related words: ze'i, ze'a, ze'u, ze'e
ze'ei — being put before two words creates a word with the meaning of the word to the left and the grammar of the word to the right
- i panpi ze'ei coi — Peace to you! (as a greeting).
- Comment: binds two arbitrary words together to form a nonce word whose semantics are indicated by the left word and whose grammar is the same as that of the right word. Useful for creating function words without having to allocate experimental cmavo forms.
- Related words: zei
ze'i [preposition of group ZEhA] — during ... (a short time), adverb: for a short time
- i ai mi ze'i sipna — I'm going to take a nap (to sleep for a short time).
- Related words: ze'i, ze'a, ze'u, ze'e
ze'o [preposition of place] — across, outwards, beyond ...
- i da tricu ze'o le rirxe — There is a tree across the river.
ze'u [preposition of group ZEhA] — during ... (a long time), adverb: for a long time
- i mi pu ba lo ka citka ze'u sipna — I took a long nap after eating.
- Related words: ze'i, ze'a, ze'u, ze'e
zei — makes one single word out of two
- i loi certu pu pilno lo xy zei kantu — Experts used X-rays.
- Related words: ze'ei
zekri — x1(property of nonce place) is a crime to x2(entity)
- lo zekri — crime.
- i xu lo ka catra lo mabru cu zekri do — Is killing mammals a crime to you?
- Related words: flalu, sfasa, zungi, palci, lijda, pajni, javni, tcaci, marde, pulji, tinbe
zenba — x1(entity) increases in x2(property of x1) by amount x3(entity)
- lo zenba — increasing.
- i mi zenba lo ka se cfipu vau lo mutce — My confusion increased a lot.
- i e'o do zenba lo ka masno lo ka tavla i e'o do zenba masno tavla — Would you please speak more slowly?
- Related words: jdika, zmadu, banro, jmina
zepti — x1(entity) is 10-21 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo xa no re selci be lo marji cu zepti lo molro lo ka se canlu — One zeptomole (zmol) of substance contains 602 particles.
- Related words: centi
zetro — x1(entity) is 1021 of x2(same type as x1) in x3(property of x1)
- i lo djacu po lo xamsi be le terdi cu zetro lo litce be li ji'i pa pi vo lo ka se canlu — The volume of seawater in the Earth's oceans is approximately 1.4 zettalitres (ZL).
- Related words: centi
zgana — x1(entity) observes x2(entity) using sense x3(property of x1)
- lo zgana — observer, spectator.
- i mi zgana ko — Show yourself.
- i mi zgana lo zgike e lo skina — I'm listening to the music and watching a movie.
- i mi zgana le tcini lo ka tirna — I'm monitoring the situation by listening.
- i le ctuca pu jai se zgana fai lo ka zvati pa barja — The teacher was spotted in a bar.
- Related words: ga'a, ganse, viska, catlu, tirna, pencu, sumne, kurji, canci, catlu, jarco, lanli, pinka, simlu
zgike — x1(sound) is music performed by x2(entity)
- lo zgike — music.
- i lo zgike be le za'u cipni na cladu — The music of the birds isn't loud.
- Related words: damri, dansu, flani, janbe, jgita, pipno, rilti, tabra, tonga, xagri, siclu
zgipli — x1(entity) plays on a musical instrument x2(entity) music x3(entity)
- lo zgipli — musician. lo se zgipli — musical instrument.
- i do certu lo ka zgipli lo flani lo melbi — You are a pro in playing beautiful melodies on the flute.
- Related words: zgike, pilno
zi [preposition of group ZI] — recently or soon
- i mi ba volta ba zi lo cacra be li pa — I will return soon, in an hour.
- i gau mi do ba djuno ba zi lo nu mi tsuku — I will inform you as soon as I arrive.
- Comment: often used after pu or ba.
- Related words: zi, za, zu
zi'e [connective for relative clauses] — and
- i le prenu poi pu tavla do zi'e noi blondine cu bruna mi vau ue pei — The man that talked to you and who is blond is my brother, surprised?
- Related words: je, e, gi'e
zi'evla — x1(text) is a zi'evla
- lo zi'evla — zi'evla.
- i zo zigzagi zi'evla — zigzagi is a zi'evla word.
- Comment: zi'evla is a type of Lojban verb defined by the form of the word.
- Related words: selbrivla, gismu, lujvo, cmavo
zi'o [pronoun] — marks the place as deleted from the place structure, not applicable thus forming a new verb
- i zi'o traduki zo coi zoi gy.hello!.gy. — coi is translated as "Hello!"
- i lo jmive cu se zbasu zi'o lo selci — Living beings are made from cells.
- Comment: a place marked with zi'o becomes irrelevant.
zifre — x1(entity) is at liberty or free to do or be x2(property of x1)
- lo zifre — free to ... (at liberty).
- i mi zifre lo ka zukte lo se nelci be mi — I am free to do what I like.
- Related words: pinfu, rinju, bilga, e'ande, kakne, frili
zigzagi — x1(entity) is a line with the shape of a zigzag
- lo zigzagi — zigzag.
- i le pluta be le cmana pu zigzagi — The route to the mountain zigzagged.
- Related words: boxna, linji
zildukse — x1(entity) is in excess, is too much for x2(property of x1) to take place
- lo zildukse — excess.
- i le nu mi tatpi cu zildukse lo nu mi sidju do — I'm too tired to help you.
- Related words: bancu, banzu, ricfu, zmadu
zinki — x1(entity) is a quantity of zinc
- lo zinki — zinc.
- i le cidja cu vasru lo zinki — The food contains zinc.
- Related words: jinme
zirpu — x1(entity) is purple
- lo zirpu — purple, violet.
- i le taxfu cu zirpu — The dress is purple.
- Related words: skari, blabi, xekri, kandi, carmi, nukni, blanu, xunre
zivle — x1(entity) invests resources x2(entity) into x3(entity, property of x1) expecting profit x4(entity)
- lo zivle — investor. lo se zivle — invested. lo ve zivle — interest (financial).
- i ra pu zivle lo jdini lo ka sidju pa cnino sanga — He invested money in a new singer.
- i ai mi zivle lo nejni lo ka prami do vau lo nu do prami mi — I take a chance on loving you so that you will love me.
- Related words: prali, canja, jbera, dejni, ponse
zmadu — x1(entity) exceeds or is more than x2(entity) in x3(property of x1 and x2 with kau) by amount x4(entity)
- lo zmadu — more. lo se zmadu — less.
- i ra zmadu mi lo ka tilju vau lo ki'ogra be li pa no — He weighs ten more kilograms than I do.
- Related words: mau, mleca, zenba, jmina, bancu, zildukse, traji
zmiku — x1(entity) is automatic in function x2(property of x1)
- lo zmiku — robot, automatic. lo se zmiku — function of a robot.
- i le vorme cu zmiku lo ka co'a kalri — The door opens automatically.
- Related words: macnu
zo — turn verb into noun that is a quote
- i zo gleki cmene mi — Gleki is my name.
- Comment: zo and one single Lojban word after it make a quotation, it works as a noun. To quote compound particles, compound verbs and phrases use lu ...li'u. To quote arbitrary sequences of words use lo'u ... le'u.
- Related words: zoi, la'o, zo, lu ... li'u, lo'e, lo'u, mu'oi
zo'a [preposition of place] — alongside, by the side of ...
- i mi pu cliva le karce zo'a le malsi — I left the car by the side of the temple.
zo'e [pronoun] — noun unspecified or known from context
- i zo'e carvi — It's raining.
- i la edvard pu cusku zo'e pe le pa gerku — Eduard said something about the dog.
zo'ei — something about ..., something associated with ...
- i mi pu na djuno zo'ei le nabmi — I didn't know of the problem.
- Comment: equivalent to zo'e pe.
- Related words: tu'a
zo'i [preposition of place] — on this side of ...
- i mi sanli bu'u lo klaji zo'i le muzga — I'm standing on the street on this side of the museum.
- i mi zutse lo korbi be pa lalxu zo'i pa laldo cindu — I'm sitting by the lake on this side of an old oak.
zo'o [interjection modifier] — Kidding... (humorously), zo'o cu'i — that might be either serious or a joke, zo'o nai — seriously
- i zo'o pei — Are you kidding?
- i e'u zo'o renro la kevin ti noi kevna — Let's throw Kevin into this hole (kidding ...).
- i mi kakne lo ka plipe fi le ve'i cmana vau zo'o cu'i — I might be able to jump from the hill.
- i zo'o nai do jai fanza — Seriously, you are annoying.
- Related words: xajmi, junri
zo'u — separates topic and comment
- i lo danlu zo'u mi nelci lo mlatu — As for animals, I like cats.
- i vo da poi gerku vau re de poi prenu zo'u da batci de — There are four da (that are dogs) and there are two de (that are men) such that each dog (da) bites the two men (de).
- Related words: zoi, la'o, zo, lu ... li'u, lo'e, lo'u, mu'oi
zoi — turn foreign text into noun that is a quote
- i lu coi ro do li'u se traduki fi zoi gy.hello, everyone!.gy. noi glico — coi ro do is translated to English as "Hello, everyone!"
- Comment: quotes a text that can be not Lojbanic. The quotation is to be wrapped with pauses from both sides and with an additional Lojbanic word around them from both sides (this word must not be used within the text quoted). Usually the separating Lojbanic word is the first letter of the language in the quotation.
- Related words: zoi, la'o, zo, lu ... li'u, lo'e, lo'u, mu'oi
zu [preposition of group ZI] — long ago or in a long time
- i la alis pu cliva zu lo nanca be li pa no — Alice left ten years ago (a long time).
- Comment: often used after pu or ba.
- Related words: zi, za, zu
zu'a [preposition of cardinal direction] — to the left of ..., adverb: leftwards
- i ko catlu pa karce pe zu'a do — Look at a car to the left of you.
zu'ai [pronoun] — shows mutual activity between this place and the first place of the current clause
- i mi tavla do lo mlatu i je do tavla mi lo mlatu i va'i mi jo'u do tavla zu'ai lo mlatu — I talk to you about cats, and you talk to me about cats. In other words, we talk to each other about cats.
- i do jo'u la alis jo'u mi tavla zu'ai — You, Alice and I talk to each other.
- i do jo'u mi jo'u la alis pu damba zu'ai — You, I and Alice had a battle royale.
- Comment: the mass of members is described in the first place (e.g. by connecting nouns with ce).
zu'e [preposition from zukte] — with an actor ..., adverb: via a free will
- i ko jai zu'e tirna mi — Listen to me!
- i zu'e ko viska le pixra — Look at the picture!
- i zu'e mi tirna lo zgike — I listened to the music.
- Comment: the clause describes the event done by the actor.
zu'i [pronoun] — noun typical for this place
- i mi pu penmi zu'i bu'u zu'i — I met the usual people at the usual place.
zu'u [interjection] — on the one hand, zu'u nai — on the other hand
- i zu'u le jufra cu satci lo ka se smuni — On the one hand, the sentence is exact in meaning.
- i zu'u nai se la'u li du'e clani — On the other hand, it is too long.
- Related words: tcemi, frica, dukti
zukcfu — x1(entity) is busy doing x2(property of x1) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo zukcfu — busy.
- i mi zukcfu lo ka jai gau bredi fai lo cidja vau lo ka jai gau citka fai le gerku pe mi — I am busy preparing food to feed my dog.
- Related words: zukcfu, surla
zukte — x1(entity) takes action x2(property of x1) for purpose x3(property of x1)
- lo zukte — actor. lo se zukte — action taken. lo te zukte — purpose of action.
- i mi zukte lo se gunka be mi tu'a mi — I'm doing my own work for myself.
- i xu do ca'o zukte lo cipra — Are you performing a test?
- i mi zukte lo ka darxi le nakni — I intentionally hit him.
- i mi ba zukte ro sarcu lo nu do nelci mi — I would do everything so that you like me.
- Comment: lo zukte is who do something themselves, lo gasnu is agent who causes something.
- Related words: zu'e, gasnu, snuti, bapli, gunka, jalge, krinu, mukti, rinka, fasnu, minji, prenu, ciksi, jibri, pilno, pluta, tadji, tutci
zumri — x1(entity) is some corn or maize of species x2(taxon)
- lo zumri — maize.
- i mi sombo lo samcu e lo zumri — I plant yams and maize.
- Related words: gurni
zungi — x1(entity) feels guilty about x2(clause, property of x1)
- i mi zungi lo ka pu smusku lo jitfa — I feel guilty about having told a lie.
- Related words: u'u, cinmo, xenru, zekri
zunle — x1(entity) is to the left of x2(entity) in frame of reference x3(entity)
- lo zunle — left (in direction).
- i le dinju cu zunle le rokci ti — The house is to the left of the rock if viewed from here.
- Related words: zu'a, pritu, mlana, crane, trixe, farna
zunti — x1(entity) interferes with or disrupts x2(entity) due to x3(property of x1)
- lo se zunti — hindered, disrupted.
- i le gerku cu zunti lo nu mi lumci lo kumfa vau lo ka plipe — The dog leaping hinders me from cleaning the room.
- Related words: fanta, dicra, fliba, fanza, raktu, klina, bandu, cfipu, ganlo
zutse — x1(entity) sits on x2(entity)
- i e'a do zutse lo stizu — You may sit down on the chair.
- Related words: stizu, cpana, vreta
zvafa'i — x1(entity) finds x2(property of x1) at x3
- lo se zvafa'i — found (in possesion).
- i mi pu zvafa'i le penbi tu noi kumfa — I found the pen in that room.
- Related words: facki, ralte, sisku, cirko, penmi, claxu
zvati — x1(entity) is present at x2(entity)
- i lo sivni kumfa cu zvati ma — Where is the toilet?
- i mi pu zvati pa nu penmi — I was at a meeting.
- Comment: stuzi is for a stable/inherent location. cabna is time equivalent of zvati
- Related words: stuzi, jbini, nenri, se vasru, cpana, diklo, jibni, cabna, lamji, tcini, xabju, jmive, jundi, vitke
zy [pronoun] — z (letter)
- Comment: prefixed with me'o is a quotation of the letter. When used alone refers to the last noun with the verb starting with this letter like zy is for the last lo zvati used.