zipcpi: scalar modifiers: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! Description !! NAhE !! NAI/CAI !! PAva'e !! selbri | ! Description !! Gloss !! NAhE !! NAI/CAI !! PAva'e !! selbri | ||
|- | |- | ||
| polar negator || to'e || ne'e** || ni'uva'e || dukti | | polar negator || "un-" / "opposite of" || to'e || ne'e** || ni'uva'e || dukti | ||
|- | |- | ||
| denial negator || na'e || nai || nova'e? || natfe | | denial negator || "not" / "other than" || na'e || nai || nova'e? || natfe | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | liminal negator || "not really X, not really to'e-X" || no'e || cu'i || nova'e? || ? | ||
|- | |- | ||
| scalar affirmative || je'a || ja'ai || su'ova'e / ma'uva'e || jetnu | | scalar affirmative || "is" / "indeed is" || je'a || ja'ai || su'ova'e / ma'uva'e || jetnu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| scalar abator || rei'e* || ru'e || so'uva'e || milxe | | scalar abator || "slightly" / "not very" || rei'e* || ru'e || so'uva'e || milxe | ||
|- | |- | ||
| scalar normative || noi'e* || na'oi** || no'ova'e || cnano | | scalar normative || "normally" || noi'e* || na'oi** || no'ova'e || cnano | ||
|- | |- | ||
| scalar intensifier || sai'e* || sai || so'iva'e || mutce | | scalar intensifier || "very" || sai'e* || sai || so'iva'e || mutce | ||
|- | |- | ||
| strong scalar intensifier || cai'e* || cai || so'isaiva'e / so'icaiva'e || tcetce | | strong scalar intensifier || "extremely" || cai'e* || cai || so'isaiva'e / so'icaiva'e || tcetce | ||
|- | |- | ||
| scalar question || pai'e*‡ || pei'a*† || xova'e || - | | scalar question || "how very?" || pai'e*‡ || pei'a*† || xova'e || - | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 06:50, 20 June 2015
This table describes a plan to have a system of scalar modifiers for selbri and sumtcita, to replace or provide an alternative for common usage of {mutce}, {milxe} etc. tanru.
Experimental cmavo added by me has a single asterisk; experimental cmavo added by others has a double asterisk.
Note: {va'e} may also be substituted with {va'ei**}; difference is that {PAva'e} acts as a selbri, while {PAva'ei} acts as a tense/sumtcita (tagged sumti, if present, indicates the scale or subjective frame of reference)
| Description | Gloss | NAhE | NAI/CAI | PAva'e | selbri |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| polar negator | "un-" / "opposite of" | to'e | ne'e** | ni'uva'e | dukti |
| denial negator | "not" / "other than" | na'e | nai | nova'e? | natfe |
| liminal negator | "not really X, not really to'e-X" | no'e | cu'i | nova'e? | ? |
| scalar affirmative | "is" / "indeed is" | je'a | ja'ai | su'ova'e / ma'uva'e | jetnu |
| scalar abator | "slightly" / "not very" | rei'e* | ru'e | so'uva'e | milxe |
| scalar normative | "normally" | noi'e* | na'oi** | no'ova'e | cnano |
| scalar intensifier | "very" | sai'e* | sai | so'iva'e | mutce |
| strong scalar intensifier | "extremely" | cai'e* | cai | so'isaiva'e / so'icaiva'e | tcetce |
| scalar question | "how very?" | pai'e*‡ | pei'a*† | xova'e | - |
‡ Already defined as {je'ai}; but somehow it doesn't seem like a question-word to me.
† Initially suggested by la ctefa'o as an attitudinal intensity question, but not added. May also be used for that purpose.
Note that though attitudinals use NAI/CAI as well, they do not follow this system, but have their own defined scales; in particular, {nai} tends to more often act as a polar negator rather than a denial negator with them.