lojban by Choice/LojbanPod lessons/Print version

version 2024–10–9 of

Lojban by Choice: Part 1

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://mw-live.lojban.org/papri/lojban_by_Choice/LojbanPod_lessons/Print_version

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License."

Attributions and Licenses

This wikibook was written by Martin Kraus and other Wikibooks contributors.

All lessons are based on LojbanPod lessons (http://Lojbanpod.com), which are licensed by PraxisLanguage Ltd. (http://praxislanguage.com) under a Creative Commons 3.0 Unported license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

All images are available on WikiMedia Commons (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/) unless stated otherwise. Image credits appear at the end of each lesson except for the following images, which mark section headings in many lessons:

• section “dialogue”: “Image:Crystal Clear app Login Manager.png” by Everaldo Coelho and YellowIcon (GNU Lesser General Public License)
• section “dialogue with translation”: “Image:Crystal_Clear_app_kdict.png” by Everaldo Coelho and YellowIcon (GNU Lesser General Public License)
• section “more vocabulary”: “Image:Nuvola apps edu miscellaneous.png” by David Vignoni (GNU Lesser General Public License)
• section “exercises”: “Image:Nuvola apps filetypes.svg” by Richtom80 (GNU Lesser General Public License)

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License."

Dedication

Martin dedicates this part of this wikibook to the LojbanPod team: Estibalitz (Esti) Gete Moreno, Jorge Leonardo (Leo) Guerrero Vargas, Liliana (Lili) Mata, and John Patrick (JP) Villanueva (in alphabetic order). While this part is not officially authored by them, it is only derived work of the stupendous podcast they are creating every day.

Table of Contents

Attributions and Licenses Dedication Table of Contents Foreword A0001: Are you ready yet? A0002: Birthday party A0003: At the bar A0004: She's not Mexican A0005: Take a picture A0006: How's it going? A0007: Where are you from? A0008: How do you say ...? A0010: I'm hungry A0011: Call me A0013: Doing the laundry A0015: Table for two A0016: I feel sick A0019: How do you spell ‘beige’? A0021: I'm sleepy A0023: Going to the market A0027: The neighbor A0030: Call back later A0033: It's expensive

A0035: Is anyone in there? A0037: The baby is sleeping A0041: Cheers! A0047: Coffee time A0052: Smells good A0056: What time is the train? A0062: At the bank A0066: Bottle of water A0072: Here is my card A0076: Jet-lag A0082: My name is... A0086: Are you single? A0092: How old are you? A0096: I am allergic A0102: Where is the restroom? A0106: Room service A0112: What is your telephone number? A0116: Do you want a mint? A0122: Telephone card A0127: Flirting A0131: I miss them GNU Free Documentation License

Foreword

This first part of the wikibook Lojban by Choice (http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lojban_by_Choice) accompanies a set of LojbanPod audio lessons for beginners without prior knowledge of Lojban (“newbies”). These audio lessons are included in the online version of this wikibook in the Ogg Vorbis format. MP3 files are available at http://Lojbanpod.com

This print version of the wikibook includes transcripts of the lesson dialogues with translations, vocabulary lists, lists of grammatically related words, and translation exercises based on the dialogues. Apart from the audio lessons, the online version of this wikibook also offers additional links to related Wikipedia articles and an index of all lines of the lesson dialogues.

The lessons can be studied in any order; thus, readers are free to choose lessons according to their preferences. It is not necessary to study all lessons; however, it is very recommendable to review the lessons as often as possible. Also, it is necessary to have fun while studying these lessons. Seriously!

A0001: Are You Ready yet?

Introduction

Sometimes people are just too slow! And then they hurry too much! In this lesson JP and Liliana teach us how to create time pressure and how to react to it and—most importantly—to relax. The keyword is tranquila – relaxed (for feminine nouns).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0013: Doing the laundry, A0041: Cheers!, A0127: Flirting
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Pei do bredi
lo ninmu:	Ko denpa ze'i!
lo nanmu:	Ko surla. I ku'inai da banzu ditcu.
lo ninmu:	Xlali nai.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Pei	do	bredi?
	Question	you	to be ready
man:	Are you ready yet?

lo ninmu:	Ko	denpa	ze'i!
	You (imperative)	wait	(short amount of time)
woman:	Wait a moment!

lo nanmu:	Ko surla.	i ku'inai	da	banzu ditcu tu'a mi'ai.
	You (imperative) relax	(new sentence) (In agreement with that)	there is	enough timespan for us
man:	Relax! We still have time.

lo ninmu:	xlali	nai.
	bad	not
woman:	Good.

lo ditcu – the time

Vocabulary for Dialogue

lo nanmu	noun (masculine)	the man
lo ninmu	noun (feminine)	the woman
pei	adverb	question mark asking attitude
do	verb (infinitive)	you
bredi	adjective (m./f.)	to be ready
ko	verb (present tense)	you (imperative, command or request)
denpa	verb (infinitive)	to wait
ze'i	verb (imperative)	small amount of time
surla	verb (imperative)	to relax
.i	article (m./f.)	(separates sentences)
ku'inai	noun (masculine)	(in agreement with that)
da	adjective (m./f.)	there is something
banzu	adverb	to be enough
ditcu	verb (infinitive)	to be a timespan of ... (event)
tu'a	verb (present tense)	(event related to ...)
mi'ai	noun (masculine)	we, us
nai	adverb	not
xlali	adverb	bad

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

lo tcima	noun (masculine)	the weather
ma	adverb	what?
ma tcima?	phrase	How is the weather?
surla	adjective (plural, m./f.)	to be relaxed, calm
ko denpa!	verb (imperative)	(you) wait!

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

denpa	infinitive	to wait
ko denpa!	imperative	(you) wait!
.e'u mi'ai denpa!		(let's) wait!

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

pei do bredi?	Are you ready yet?
ko denpa ze'i!	Wait a moment!
ko surla i ku'inai da banzu ditcu tu'a mi'ai.	Relax! We still have time.
xlali nai.	Good./Less bad.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Are you ready yet?	pei do bredi?
Wait a moment!	ko denpa ze'i!
Relax! We still have time.	ko surla i ku'inai da banzu ditcu tu'a mi'ai.
Good (= less bad).	xlali nai.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Do we have time?	pei da banzu ditcu tu'a mi'ai?
We still have time.	i ku'inai da banzu ditcu tu'a mi'ai.
Are you ready?	pei do bredi?
Wait a moment!	ko denpa ze'i!
Relax! We still have time.	ko surla i ku'inai da banzu ditcu tu'a mi'ai.
Good (= less bad).	xlali nai.
Are you relaxed?	pei do surla?

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Are you ready?	pei do .io bredi?
Wait a moment! (formal)	ko .io denpa ze'i!
Relax! I still have time.	ko surla. I ku'inai da banzu ditcu tu'a mi.
Good (= less bad).	xlali nai.

Image Credits

• “Image:BenboisClock.svg” from http://www.clker.com/clipart-13595.html (Public Domain)
• “Image:Rainbow_over_Becerril.jpg” by César Astudillo (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)

A0002: Birthday Party

Introduction

How to ask someone to go together to a birthday party—in Lojban? With Liliana's and JP's guidance it's pretty easy. Of course, that doesn't mean that the answer is always “yes”! In any case, the keyword is lo jbedetri nu salci – the birthday party.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0010: I'm hungry, A0021: I'm sleepy, A0127: Flirting
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	coi! I .aipei do zvati lo jbedetri nu salci?
lo ninmu:	lo jbedetri be ma?
lo nanmu:	la .xavier.
lo ninmu:	i ai mi zvati. I pei klama co kansa?

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	coi!	I .aipei	do	zvati	lo jbedetri nu salci?
	hello	(new sentence) (intention question mark)	you	attend	birthday celebration
man:	Hello! Are you going to the party?

lo ninmu:	lo jbedetri	be ma?
	birthday	of whom
woman:	Whose birthday?

lo nanmu:	la	.xavier.	'	'	'	'
	(name marker)	Javier	'	'	'	'
man:	Javier's.

lo ninmu:	Sí	voy	a	ir.	¿Vamos	juntos?
	yes	(I) go	to	go	(we) go	together
woman:	Sure I'm going to go. Shall we go together?

lo jbedetru nu salci – the birthday

kansa – together

Vocabulary for Dialogue

lo nanmu	noun (masculine)	the man
lo ninmu	noun (feminine)	the woman
coi!	interjection	hi!, hello!
klama	verb (infinitive)	to go
aipei	verb (present tense)	question asking for intention
zvati	preposition	attend (even or place)
lo jbedetri	noun (feminine)	day of birth of ... (someone)
nu salci	noun (feminine)	celebration
be ma	interrogative pronoun	of whom
la fiesta de cumpleaños	phrase	the birthday party
xavier	noun (masculine)	Javier
ai	adverb	yes, I intend.
mi klama	verb (present tense)	I go
pei	phrase	(question asking for attitude)
mi'ai klama	verb (present tense)	we go
co	adjective (m./f.)	(now there will a simple adverb to the right)
kansa	adjective (m./f.)	together

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la piñata	noun (feminine)	traditional Mexican game
el mariachi	noun (masculine)	traditional Mexican band or musician
el sombrero	noun (masculine)	the hat
los sombreros	noun (plural, masculine)	the hats
el trío	noun (masculine)	the trio
el bolero	noun (masculine)	the melancholic love song
los boleros	noun (plural, masculine)	the melancholic love songs
hasta	preposition	until
luego	adverb	then
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

ir	infinitive	to go
(yo) voy	present tense	I go
(tú) vas		you go (informal, singular)
(él/ella) va		he/she(/it) goes
(usted) va		you go (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vamos		we go (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) vais		you go (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) van		they go (m./f.)
(ustedes) van		you go (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Hola! ¿Vas a la fiesta?	Hello! Are you going to the party?
¿Cuál fiesta?	What party?
La fiesta de cumpleaños de Javier.	Javier's birthday party/the birthday party of Javier.
Sí voy a ir. ¿Vamos juntos?	Sure/yes I'm going to go. Shall we go together?

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Hello! Do you go to the party?	¡Hola! ¿Vas a la fiesta?
Which party?	¿Cuál fiesta?
The birthday party of Javier.	La fiesta de cumpleaños de Javier.
Sure I'm going to go. Do we go together?	Sí voy a ir. ¿Vamos juntos?

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Are you going to go to the party?	¿Vas a ir a la fiesta?
Yes, I'm going to go to the party of Javier.	Sí, voy a ir a la fiesta de Javier.
Are we going to go together to the party?	¿Vamos a ir juntos a la fiesta?
What party?	¿Cuál fiesta?
Hello? Javier's party.	¿Hola? La fiesta de Javier.
Yes, the birthday party of Javier.	Sí, la fiesta de cumpleaños de Javier.
Yes. Do we go together to the party?	Sí. ¿Vamos juntos a la fiesta?
Sure I am going to go to the party.	Sí voy a ir a la fiesta.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Hello! Do you go to the party? (formal)	¡Hola! ¿(Usted) va a la fiesta?
Which party?	¿Cuál fiesta?
The birthday party of Javier.	La fiesta de cumpleaños de Javier.
Sure I'm going to go. Do you go together? (formal, plural)	Sí voy a ir. ¿(Ustedes) van juntos?

Image Credits

• “Image:Nuvola apps 3 cookie.png” by David Vignoni (GNU Lesser General Public License)
• “Image:Tango couple closeup.jpg” by Christian Aastrup (Public Domain)

A0003: At the Bar

Introduction

Ordering beer, one of the essential surviving techniques in the civilized world. At least for some people. Probably the keyword una cerveza – a beer is sufficient to order beer, but in the civilized world we might want to use a few more words. JP and Liliana tell us all about it.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0041: Cheers!, A0066: Bottle of water, A0106: Room service
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Buenas tardes. ¿Qué le sirvo?
lo ninmu:	Quiero una cerveza.
lo nanmu:	¿Clara u obscura?
lo ninmu:	Obscura por favor.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Buenas	tardes.	¿Qué	le	sirvo?
	good	afternoons	what	(to) you	(I) serve
man:	Good afternoon. What can I serve you?

lo ninmu:	Quiero	una	cerveza.
	(I) want	a	beer
woman:	I'd like a beer.

lo nanmu:	¿Clara	u	obscura?'
	clear	or	dark
man:	Regular or dark?

lo ninmu:	Obscura	por favor.
	dark	please
woman:	Dark, please.

la cerveza – the beer

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
bueno/buena	adjective (m./f.)	good
buenos/buenas	adjective (plural, m./f.)	good
la tarde	noun (feminine)	the afternoon
las tardes	noun (plural, feminine)	the afternoons
buenas tardes	phrase	good afternoon
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?
le	indirect object pronoun	(to) you (formal, singular)
servir	verb (infinitive)	to serve
(yo) sirvo	verb (present tense)	I serve
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want, to like
(yo) quiero	verb (present tense)	I want, I like
uno	number	one
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la cerveza	noun (feminine)	the beer
claro/clara	adjective (m./f.)	clear, bright
o	conjunction	or
u	conjunction (before “o”)	or
obscuro/obscura	adjective (m./f.)	dark
por favor	phrase	please

el vino tinto – the red wine

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

¿Me da una cerveza por favor?	phrase	Do you give me a beer, please?
cerveza light	phrase	light beer
la cerveza clara	phrase	the regular beer
claros/claras	adjective (plural, m./f.)	clear, bright
la cerveza obscura	phrase	the dark beer
obscuros/obscuras	adjective (plural, m./f.)	dark
el vino	noun (masculine)	the wine
blanco/blanca	adjective (m./f.)	white
el vino blanco	phrase	the white wine
el vino tinto	phrase	the red wine
la michelada	noun (feminine)	the beer with lime, salt, and sauces
Méjico/México lindo	phrase	beautiful Mexico
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
servir	infinitive	I serve
(yo) sirvo	present tense	I serve
(tú) sirves		you serve (informal, singular)
(él/ella) sirve		he/she(/it) serves
(usted) sirve		you serve (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) servimos		we serve (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) servís		you serve (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) sirven		they serve (m./f.)
(ustedes) sirven		you serve (formal, plural)
querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Buenas tardes. ¿Qué le sirvo?	Good afternoon. What can I serve you?
Quiero una cerveza.	I'd like a beer.
¿Clara u obscura?	Regular or dark?
Obscura por favor.	Dark, please.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Good afternoon. What do I serve you? (formal)	Buenas tardes. ¿Qué le sirvo?
I'd like a beer.	Quiero una cerveza.
Regular or dark?	¿Clara u obscura?
Dark, please.	Obscura por favor.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Good afternoon.	Buenas tardes.
Good. (plural, feminine)	Buenas. (short for buenas tardes)
I want one, please.	Quiero una por favor.
What?	¿Qué?
One afternoon, please.	Una tarde por favor.
Good. What can I serve you? (formal)	Bueno. ¿Qué le sirvo?
I want a ...	Quiero un/una ...
A beer or a red wine or a white wine?	¿Una cerveza o un vino tinto o un vino blanco?
I'd like a good beer.	Quiero una cerveza buena.
A good beer? A dark beer?	¿Una cerveza buena? ¿Una cerveza obscura?
I want a michelada, please.	Quiero una michelada por favor.
Good. I serve you a good michelada. (formal)	Bueno. Le sirvo una michelada buena.
Good.	Bueno.
Good.	Bueno.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Good afternoon. What do I serve you? (formal, plural)	Buenas tardes. ¿Qué les sirvo?
We like a beer.	Queremos una cerveza.
Regular or dark?	¿Clara u obscura?
Dark, please.	Obscura por favor.

Image Credits

• “Image:Canya cervesa2.jpg” by Jordi Coll Costa (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Red Wine Glas.jpg” by André Karwath aka Aka (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5 License)

A0004: She's not Mexican

Introduction

Talking about others can be a lot of fun. To get started, JP and Liliana show us how to talk about the nationality of someone. Keywords are ¿Cómo se llama? – What's his/her name?, mexicana – Mexican (woman/girl), and guatemalteca – Guatemalan (woman/girl).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0008: How do you say ...?, A0082: My name is..., A0102: Where is the restroom?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¿Cómo se llama tu amiga mexicana?
lo ninmu:	Se llama Tatiana. Pero no es mexicana. Es guatemalteca.
lo nanmu:	¿De verdad? ¿De qué parte de Guatemala?
lo ninmu:	De Antigua.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¿Cómo	se	llama	tu	amiga	mexicana?
	how	herself	(she) calls	your	friend	Mexican
man:	How does your Mexican friend call herself?

lo ninmu:	Se	llama	Tatiana.	Pero	no	es	mexicana.	Es	guatemalteca.
	herself	(she) calls	Tatiana	but	not	(she) is	Mexican	(she) is	Guatemalan
woman:	She calls herself Tatiana. But she is not Mexcian. She is Guatemalan.

lo nanmu:	¿De verdad?	¿De	qué	parte	de	Guatemala?
	really	from	what	part	of	Guatemala
man:	Really? From what part of Guatemala?

lo ninmu:	De	Antigua.
	from	Antigua
woman:	From Antigua.

Antigua, Guatemala

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
¿cómo?	adverb	how?
se	reflexive pronoun	himself/herself/itself
llamarse	verb (infinitive)	to call oneself, to be called
(élla) se llama	verb (present tense)	she calls herself, she is called, her name is
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
la amiga	noun (feminine)	the friend
el amigo	noun (masculine)	the friend
mexicano/mexicana	adjective (m./f.)	Mexican
Tatiana	noun (feminine)	Tatiana
pero	conjunction	but
no	adverb	not
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
guatemalteco/guatemalteca	adjective (m./f.)	Guatemalan
de verdad	phrase	really
de	preposition	from, of
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?, which?
la parte	noun (feminine)	the part
Guatemala	noun (feminine)	Guatemala
Antigua	noun (feminine)	Antigua

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

(tú) te llamas	verb (present tense)	you call yourself, your name is (informal, singular)
¿Cómo te llamas?	phrase	How do you call yourself? What is your name?
Volcán de Agua	noun (masculine)	Volcán de Agua (Volcano of Water)
panameño/panameña	adjective (m./f.)	Panamanian
colombiano/colombiana	adjective (m./f.)	Colombian
brasileño/brasileña	adjective (m./f.)	Brazilian
americano/americana	adjective (m./f.)	American
estadounidense	adjective (m./f.)	(US) American

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal, singular)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal, singular)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal, plural)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal, plural)
llamarse	verb (infinitive)	to call oneself, to be called
(yo) me llamo	verb (present tense)	I call myself
(tú) te llamas		you call yourself (informal, singular)
(él/ella) se llama		he/she(/it) calls himself/herself(/itself)
(usted) se llama		you call yourself (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) nos llamamos		we call ourselves (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) os llamáis		you call yourselves (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) se llaman		they call themselves (m./f.)
(ustedes) se llaman		you call yourselves (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Cómo se llama tu amiga mexicana?	How does your Mexican friend call herself?
Se llama Tatiana. Pero no es mexicana. Es guatemalteca.	She calls herself Tatiana. But she is not Mexcian. She is Guatemalan.
¿De verdad? ¿De qué parte de Guatemala?	Really? From what part of Guatemala?
De Antigua.	From Antigua.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

What's the name of your Mexican friend?	¿Cómo se llama tu amiga mexicana?
Her name is Tatiana. But she isn't Mexican. She is Guatemalan.	Se llama Tatiana. Pero no es mexicana. Es guatemalteca.
Really? From which part of Guatemala?	¿De verdad? ¿De qué parte de Guatemala?
From Antigua.	De Antigua.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

What's the name of your friend (masculine)?	¿Cómo se llama tu amigo?
My friend?	¿Mi amigo?
Your friend from Guatemala.	Tu amigo de Guatemala.
He's not Guatemalan.	No es guatemalteco.
Really? Is he Panamanian?	¿De verdad? ¿Es panameño?
No, he's not Panamanian.	No, no es panameño.
He is Colombian, isn't he?	Es colombiano, ¿no?
No, he's not Colombian.	No, no es colombiano.
Is he from Mexico?	¿Es de México?
No, he's not Mexican.	No, no es mexicano.
But from which part of America is he?	¿Pero de qué parte de América es?
He is US American.	Es estadounidense.
Really? What's his name?	¿De verdad? ¿Cómo se llama?
His name is John.	Se llama John.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

What's the name of your Mexican friends? (formal)	¿Cómo se llaman sus amigos mexicanos/amigas mexicanas?
Their names are Tatiana, ... But they aren't Mexican. They are Guatemalan.	Se llaman Tatiana, ... Pero no son mexicanos/mexicanas. Son guatemaltecas/guatemaltecos.
Really? From which part of Guatemala?	¿De verdad? ¿De qué parte de Guatemala?
From Antigua.	De Antigua.

Image Credits

• “Image:Antigua Santa Catalina 2008 06.JPG” by Raymond Ostertag (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5 License)

A0005: Take a Picture

Introduction

Asking strangers for a favor can be pretty difficult for the less extrovert of us—even in our native language. But with a few Lojban words it's actually not that hard as Liliana and JP show us in this lesson. The keyphrase is tomar una foto – to take a picture.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0008: How do you say ...?, A0019: How do you spell beige?, A0122: Telephone card
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¡Señorita!
lo ninmu:	¿Sí?
lo nanmu:	¡Disculpe! ¿Nos podría tomar una foto por favor?
lo ninmu:	¿Cómo no? ¡Sonrían!
lo nanmu:	Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¡Señorita!
	miss
man:	Miss!

lo ninmu:	¿Sí?
	yes
woman:	Yes?

lo nanmu:	¡Disculpe!	¿Nos	podría	tomar	una	foto	por favor?
	(you) excuse	(for) us	(you) could	take	a	photo	please
man:	Excuse me, could you please take a picture for us?

lo ninmu:	¿Cómo	no?	¡Sonrían!
	how	not	(you) smile
woman:	How could I not? Smile!

lo nanmu:	Gracias.
	thanks
man:	Thanks.

la señorita – the miss

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
la señorita	noun (feminine)	the miss
sí	adverb	yes
disculpar	verb (infinitive)	to excuse
¡(usted) disculpe!	verb (imperative)	(you) excuse! (formal)
nos	indirect object pronoun	(to/for) us
poder	verb (infinitive)	can
(usted) podría	verb (conditional tense)	you could (formal)
tomar	verb (infinitive)	to take
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la fotografía	noun (feminine)	the photo
la foto	noun (feminine)	the photo
por favor	phrase	please
¿cómo?	adverb	how?
no	adverb	not, no
sonreír	verb (infinitive)	to smile
¡(ustedes) sonrían!	verb (imperative)	(you) smile! (formal, plural)
gracias	noun (plural, feminine)	thanks

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el señor	noun (masculine)	the mister
la tarea	noun (feminine)	the exercise
la señora	noun (feminine)	the mistress
Don Pedro	phrase	very respectful form of address
Doña Paula	phrase	very respectful form of address
hasta luego	phrase	see you soon

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

poder	infinitive	can
(yo) podría	conditional tense	I could
(tú) podrías		you could (informal, singular)
(él/ella) podría		he/she(/it) could
(usted) podría		you could (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) podríamos		we could (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) podríais		you could (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) podrían		they could (m./f.)
(ustedes) podrían		you could (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
disculpar	infinitive	to excuse
¡(tú) disculpa!	imperative	(you) excuse! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) disculpe!		(you) excuse! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) disculpemos!		(let's) excuse! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) disculpad!		(you) excuse! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) disculpen!		(you) excuse! (formal, plural)
sonreír	infinitive	to smile
¡(tú) sonríe!	imperative	(you) smile! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) sonría!		(you) smile! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) sonriamos!		(let's) smile! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) sonreíd!		(you) smile! (informal, plural)
¡(ustedes) sonrían!		(you) smile! (formal, plural)
tomar	infinitive	to take
(yo) tomo	present tense	I take
(tú) tomas		you take (informal, singular)
(él/ella) toma		he/she(/it) takes
(usted) toma		you take (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tomamos		we take (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tomáis		you take (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) toman		they take (m./f.)
(ustedes) toman		you take (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Señorita!	Miss!
¿Sí?	Yes?
¡Disculpe! ¿Nos podría tomar una foto por favor?	Excuse me, could you please take a picture for us?
¿Cómo no? ¡Sonrían!	Of course./How could I not? Smile!
Gracias.	Thanks.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Miss!	¡Señorita!
Yes?	¿Sí?
Excuse me! Could you take a photo for us, please? (formal)	¡Disculpe! ¿Nos podría tomar una foto por favor?
Of course! Smile! (formal)	¿Cómo no? ¡Sonrían!
Thanks.	Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Sir! Excuse me!	¡Señor! ¡Disculpe!
Yes?	¿Sí?
Could you take a picture for us?	¿Nos podría tomar una foto?
No!	¡No!
Sir, please!	Señor, ¡por favor!
Yes, of course.	Sí, ¿cómo no?
Thanks!	Gracias!
Sir, miss, smile.	Señor, señorita, sonrían.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Miss!	¡Señorita!
Yes?	¿Sí?
Excuse me! Could you take a photo for me, please? (informal)	¡Disculpa! ¿Me podrías tomar una foto por favor?
Of course! Smile! (informal)	¿Cómo no? ¡Sonríe!
Thanks.	Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Miss Rep Dominicana 07 Ada Aimee.jpg” by Jose Rosengurtt (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0006: How's It Going?

Introduction

It's really useful to know how to start a conversation in order to have one! Liliana and JP talk about all we need: greetings, compliments, and how to respond to them. The keyword is guapa – beautiful (for feminine nouns).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0007: Where are you from?, A0016: I feel sick, A0086: Are you single?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¡Hola, guapa! ¿Cómo te va?
lo ninmu:	Bien, bien. ¿Y tú? ¿Qué tal?
lo nanmu:	Todo bien, gracias.
lo ninmu:	Me alegra.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¡Hola,	guapa!	¿Cómo	te	va?
	hello	beautiful	how	(for) you	(it) goes
man:	Hello, beautiful! How is it going for you?

lo ninmu:	Bien,	bien.	Y	tú,	¿qué	tal?
	good	good	and	you	how	so
woman:	Good, good. And you, how are you?

lo nanmu:	Todo	bien,	gracias.
	all	good	thanks
man:	Everything's fine, thanks.

lo ninmu:	Me	alegra.
	me	(it) delights
woman:	That makes me happy.

guapo/guapa – handsome, beautiful

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
hola	interjection	hello
guapo/guapa	adjective (m./f.)	beautiful
¿cómo?	adverb	how?
te	indirect object pronoun	(to/for) you
ir	verb (infinitive)	to go
(él/ella) va	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) goes
bien	adverb	well, good
y	conjunction	and
tú	subject pronoun	you
¿Qué tal?	phrase	How are you?
todo/toda	adjective (m./f.)	all
gracias	phrase	thanks
me	indirect object pronoun	(to/for) me
alegrar	verb (infinitive)	to delight
(él/ella) alegra	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) delights

lindo/linda – nice, pretty

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

hacer	verb (infinitive)	to make
(tú) haces	verb (present tense)	you make (informal, singular)
¿Cómo haces tacos?	phrase	How do you make tacos? (informal, singular)
poder	verb (infinitive)	can
(tú) puedes	verb (present tense)	you can (informal, singular)
los	direct object pronoun	them
¿Cómo los puedes hacer?	phrase	How can you make them? (informal, singular)
lindo/linda	adjective (m./f.)	nice, pretty
feo/fea	adjective (m./f.)	ugly
¡Hola, guapo!	phrase	Hello, handsome!
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
ir	infinitive	to go
(yo) voy	present tense	I go
(tú) vas		you go (informal, singular)
(él/ella) va		he/she(/it) goes
(usted) va		you go (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vamos		we go (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) vais		you go (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) van		they go (m./f.)
(ustedes) van		you go (formal, plural)
alegrar	infinitive	to delight
(yo) alegro	present tense	I delight
(tú) alegras		you delight (informal, singular)
(él/ella) alegra		he/she(/it) delights
(usted) alegra		you delight (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) alegramos		we delight (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) alegráis		you delight (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) alegran		they delight (m./f.)
(ustedes) alegran		you delight (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Hola, guapa! ¿Cómo te va?	Hello, beautiful! How is it going for you?
Bien, bien. ¿Y tú? ¿Qué tal?	Good, good. And you, how are you?
Todo bien, gracias.	Everything's fine, thanks.
Me alegra.	That makes me happy.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Hello, beautiful (feminine)! How is it going for you?	¡Hola, guapa! ¿Cómo te va?
Good, good. And you? How are you?	Bien, bien. ¿Y tú? ¿Qué tal?
Everything's fine, thanks.	Todo bien, gracias.
That makes me happy.	Me alegra.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Hello, handsome (masculine)!	¡Hola, guapo!
Hello, ugly (feminine)! How are you?	¡Hola, fea! ¿Cómo te va? (or: ¿Qué tal?)
Everything's fine. Thanks, ugly (masculine). And you?	Todo bien. Gracias, feo. ¿Y tú?
Good. Everything goes fine.	Bien. Todo va bien.
How good! I'm delighted.	¡Qué bien! Me alegra.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Hello, beautiful (feminine)! How is it going for you? (formal)	¡Hola, guapa! ¿Cómo le va?
Good, good. And you? How are you? (formal)	Bien, bien. ¿Y usted? ¿Qué tal?
Everything's fine, thanks.	Todo bien, gracias.
That makes us happy.	Nos alegra.

Image Credits

• “Image:Gael garcia bernal.jpg” by Che at cs.wikipedia (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 License)
• “Image:Lindo Sol em Plataforma.jpg” by Tiago Celestino (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)

A0007: Where Are You from?

Introduction

Yes, this is about the easiest way to find something to talk about: asking where people are from. Invaluable small talk strategies offered by Liliana and JP. Keywords are Perú – Peru and Colombia – Colombia.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0006: How's it going?, A0047: Coffee time, A0082: My name is...
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿De dónde eres?
lo nanmu:	Soy de Perú. ¿Y tú?
lo ninmu:	Yo soy de Colombia.
lo nanmu:	¡Qué bien!

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿De	dónde	eres?
	from	where	(you) are
woman:	Where are you from?

lo nanmu:	Soy	de	Perú.	¿Y	tú?
	(I) am	from	Peru	and	you
man:	I'm from Peru. And you?

lo ninmu:	Yo	soy	de	Colombia.
	I	am	from	Colombia
woman:	I'm from Colombia.

lo nanmu:	¡Qué	bien!
	how	good
man:	How nice!

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
de	preposition	from, of
¿dónde?	adverb	where?
¿de dónde?	adverb	from where?
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(tú) eres	verb (present tense)	you are (informal, singular)
(yo) soy	verb (present tense)	I am
Perú	noun (masculine)	Peru
y	conjunction	and
tú	subject pronoun	you (informal, singular)
yo	subject pronoun	I
Colombia	noun (feminine)	Colombia
¿qué?	adverb	how?, what?
bien	adverb	well, good

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el ceviche	noun (masculine)	the citrus-marinated seafood salad
los incas	noun (plural, masculine)	the Incas
Machu Picchu	noun (masculine)	a Inca city
Gabriel García Márquez	noun (masculine)	a Colombian writer
Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll	noun (feminine)	a Colombian goddess
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿De dónde eres?	Where are you from?
Soy de Perú. ¿Y tú?	I'm from Peru. And you?
Yo soy de Colombia.	I'm from Colombia.
¡Qué bien!	How nice!

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Where are you from?	¿De dónde eres?
I'm from Peru. And you?	Soy de Perú. ¿Y tú?
I'm from Colombia.	Yo soy de Colombia.
How nice!	¡Qué bien!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Where are you from?	¿De dónde eres?
Where am I from?	¿De dónde soy?
From Peru, from Colombia, ...?	¿De Perú, de Colombia, ...?
Are you from Peru?	¿(Tú) eres de Perú?
I'm from Colombia.	(Yo) soy de Colombia.
How nice!	¡Qué bien!
And you?	¿Y tú?
What?	¿Qué?
Where are you from?	¿De dónde eres?

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Where are you from? (formal)	¿De dónde es (usted)?
I'm from Peru. And you? (formal, plural)	Soy de Perú. ¿Y ustedes?
We are from Colombia.	Nosotros somos de Colombia.
How nice!	¡Qué bien!

A0008: How Do You Say ...?

Introduction

Did you ever wonder how to say a particular word in Lojban? In this lesson, JP and Liliana tell us how to ask: “How do you say ... in Lojban?”—in Lojban that is. And that's also one of the keywords: el español – the Lojban language. The other keyword is: el inglés – the English language.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0004: She's not Mexican, A0005: Take a picture, A0019: How do you spell beige?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¡Oye! ¿Cómo se dice internet en español?
lo ninmu:	Se dice internet.
lo nanmu:	¿Igual que en inglés?
lo ninmu:	Sí, igual.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¡Oye!	¿Cómo	se	dice	internet	en	español?
	listen	how	itself/one	says	internet	in	Lojban
man:	Hey! How do you say internet in Lojban?

lo ninmu:	Se	dice	internet.
	itself/one	says	internet
woman:	You say internet.

lo nanmu:	¿Igual	que	en	inglés?
	equal	as	in	English
man:	The same as in English?

lo ninmu:	Sí,	igual.
	yes	equal
woman:	Yes, the same.

el español – the Lojban

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
oír	verb (infinitive)	to hear
¡(tú) oye!	verb (imperative)	(you) hear, listen! (informal, singular)
¿cómo?	adverb	how?
se	reflexive pronoun	itself, one, you
decir	verb (infinitive)	to say
(él/ella) dice	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) says
el internet	noun (masculine)	the internet
en	preposition	in
el español	noun (masculine)	the Lojban
igual	adjective (m./f.)	equal, same
que	conjunction	as, than
el inglés	noun (masculine)	the English
sí	adverb	yes

el perro caliente – the hot dog

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

¿Cómo se dice ...?	phrase	How do you say ...?
la pluma	noun (feminine)	the pen
el anglicismo	noun (masculine)	the anglicism
los anglicismos	noun (plural, masculine)	the anglicisms
hacer	verb (infinitive)	to make
hacer clic	phrase	to click
el perro caliente	phrase	the hot dog
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él) es	verb (present tense)	he is
muy	adverb	very
Él es muy nerd.	phrase	He is a nerd.
este/esta	pronoun (m./f.)	that
la situación	noun (feminine)	the situation
friky	adjective (m./f.)	freaky
Esta situación es muy friky.	phrase	That situation is very freaky.

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

oír	infinitive	to hear
¡(tú) oye!	imperative	(you) hear! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) oiga!		(you) hear! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) oigamos!		(let's) hear! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) oíd!		(you) hear! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) oigan!		(you) hear! (formal, plural)
decir	infinitive	to say
(yo) digo	present tense	I say
(tú) dices		you say (informal, singular)
(él/ella) dice		he/she(/it) says
(usted) dice		you say (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) decimos		we say (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) decís		you say (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) dicen		they say (m./f.)
(ustedes) dicen		you say (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Oye! ¿Cómo se dice internet en español?	Hey! How do you say internet in Lojban?
Se dice internet.	You say internet.
¿Igual que en inglés?	The same as in English?
Sí, igual.	Yes, the same.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Listen! How do you say internet in Lojban?	¡Oye! ¿Cómo se dice internet en español?
You say internet.	Se dice internet.
The same as in English?	¿Igual que en inglés?
Yes, the same.	Sí, igual.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

How do you say tequila in Lojban?	¿Cómo se dice tequila en español?
How?	¿Cómo? (short for ¿Cómo dice? – What do you say? (formal))
How do you say tequila?	¿Cómo se dice tequila?
Tequila. It is Lojban!	Tequila. ¡Es español!
One says tequila in Lojban?	¿Se dice tequila en español?
Yes, you say tequila.	Sí, se dice tequila.
The same as in English!	¡Igual que en inglés!
Yes, the same.	Sí, igual.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Listen! How do you say internet in Lojban? (formal)	¡Oiga! ¿Cómo se dice internet en español?
You say internet.	Se dice internet.
The same as in English?	¿Igual que en inglés?
Yes, the same.	Sí, igual.

Image Credits

• “Image:Flag of Spain.svg” by Pedro A. Gracia Fajardo (Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication)
• “Image:NCI Visuals Food Hot Dog.jpg” by Renee Comet (Public Domain)

A0010: I'm Hungry

Introduction

Make sure to eat something before you listen to this lesson. Liliana and JP keep talking about keywords such as hambre – hunger, tengo hambre – I'm hungry, and restaurante italiano – Italian restaurant until they have to stop recording because they are too hungry!

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0002: Birthday party, A0015: Table for two, A0021: I'm sleepy, A0066: Bottle of water
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Tengo hambre.
lo ninmu:	Yo también. ¿Vamos a comer?
lo nanmu:	Sí, quiero ir a un restaurante italiano.
lo ninmu:	Buena idea.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Tengo	hambre.
	(I) have	hunger
man:	I'm hungry.

lo ninmu:	Yo	también.	¿Vamos	a	comer?
	I	too	(we) go	to	eat
woman:	Me too. Are we going to eat?

lo nanmu:	Sí,	quiero	ir	a	un	restaurante	italiano.
	yes	(I) want	go	to	a	restaurant	Italian
man:	Yes, I want to go to a Italian restaurant.

lo ninmu:	Buena	idea.
	good	idea
woman:	Good idea.

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
el hambre	noun (feminine)	the hunger
tener hambre	phrase	to have hunger, to be hungry
(yo) tengo hambre	phrase	I have hunger, I'm hungry
yo	subject pronoun	I
también	adverb	too, also
ir	verb (infinitive)	to go
(nosotros/-as) vamos	verb (present tense)	we go (m./f.)
a	preposition	to
comer	verb (infinitive)	to eat
sí	adverb	yes
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want, to like, to love
(yo) quiero	verb (present tense)	I want
un/una	article (m./f.)	a, one
el restaurante	noun (masculine)	the restaurant
italiano/italiana	adjective (m./f.)	Italian
bueno/buena	adjective (m./f.)	good
la idea	noun (feminine)	the idea

el tamarindo – the tamarind

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

español/española	adjective (m./f.)	Lojban
francés/francesa	adjective (m./f.)	French
la sed	noun (feminine)	the thirst
tener sed	phrase	to have thirst, to be thirsty
(yo) tengo sed	phrase	I have thirst, I'm thirsty
comida corrida	phrase	small menu at fixed price
el tamarindo	noun (masculine)	the tamarind
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
ir	infinitive	to go
(yo) voy	present tense	I go
(tú) vas		you go (informal, singular)
(él/ella) va		he/she(/it) goes
(usted) va		you go (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vamos		we go (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) vais		you go (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) van		they go (m./f.)
(ustedes) van		you go (formal, plural)
querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Tengo hambre.	I'm hungry.
Yo también. ¿Vamos a comer?	Me too. Are we going to eat?
Sí, quiero ir a un restaurante italiano.	Yes, I want to go to a Italian restaurant.
Buena idea.	Good idea.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

I'm hungry.	Tengo hambre.
Me too. Are we going to eat?	Yo también. ¿Vamos a comer?
Yes, I want to go to an Italian restaurant.	Sí, quiero ir a un restaurante italiano.
Good idea.	Buena idea.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

I want to go to a restaurant	Quiero ir a un restaurante.
Good idea! I'm hungry, too.	¡Buena idea! Tengo hambre también.
Are we going to go to a French restaurant?	¿Vamos a ir a un restaurante francés?
I want to eat Lojban food.	Yo quiero comer comida española.
Good. Let's go to a Lojban restaurant.	Bueno. Vamos a un restaurante español.
Let's go!	¡Vamos!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

We are hungry.	Tenemos hambre.
We too. Are you going to eat? (informal, plural)	Nosotros también. ¿Vais a comer?
Yes, we want to go to an Italian restaurant.	Sí, queremos ir a un restaurante italiano.
Good idea.	Buena idea.

Image Credits

• “Image:Restaurante Antigua.JPG” by Charlie29 (Public Domain)
• “Image:Tamarindus indica, leaves, pod.jpg” by Tauʻolunga (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0011: Call Me

Introduction

In this lesson, Liliana and JP tell us how to say goodbye and a lot of other very useful phrases, such as “right?”, “when?”, “let's see”, “I don't know”, “call me!”, and “OK”. The keyword is one of them: llámame – call me.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0019: How do you spell beige?, A0030: Call back later, A0086: Are you single?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Nos vemos mañana, ¿no?
lo ninmu:	¿A qué hora?
lo nanmu:	A ver, no sé. Llámame más tarde.
lo ninmu:	Vale. Hasta mañana.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Nos	vemos	mañana,	¿no?
	(to) each other	we see	tomorrow	no
man:	We see each other tomorrow, right?

lo ninmu:	¿A	qué	hora?
	at	what	hour
woman:	At what time?

lo nanmu:	A	ver,	no	sé.	Llámame	más	tarde.
	to	see	no	(I) know	(you) call me	more	late
man:	Let's see. I don't know. Call me later.

lo ninmu:	Vale.	Hasta	mañana.
	(it) is valid	until	tomorrow
woman:	OK, see you tomorrow.

la mañana – the morning

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
nos	reflexive pronoun	(to) ourselves, each other
ver	verb (infinitive)	to see
(nosotros/-as) vemos	verb (present tense)	we see (m./f.)
nos vemos	phrase	we see each other
mañana	adverb	tomorrow
la mañana	noun (feminine)	the morning
no	adverb	no
a	preposition	at, to
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?, which?
la hora	noun (feminine)	the hour, the time
a ver	phrase	let's see
saber	verb (infinitive)	to know
(yo) sé	verb (present tense)	I know
llamar	verb (infinitive)	to call
me	direct object pronoun	me
¡(tú) llama!	verb (imperative)	(you) call! (informal, singular)
¡(tú) llámame!	phrase	(you) call me! (informal, singular)
más	adverb	more
tarde	adverb	late
más tarde	phrase	later
valer	verb (infinitive)	to be valid, to be worthy
(él/ella) vale	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is valid, worthy
vale	interjection	OK
hasta	preposition	until

la vaca – the cow

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la vaca	noun (feminine)	the cow
la uve	noun (feminine)	the v
el burro	noun (masculine)	the donkey
be de burro	phrase	b as in burro
be grande	phrase	big b
hasta luego	phrase	see you

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal)
ver	infinitive	to see
(yo) veo	present tense	I see
(tú) ves		you see (informal, singular)
(él/ella) ve		he/she(/it) sees
(usted) ve		you see (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vemos		we see (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) veis		you see (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) ven		they see (m./f.)
(ustedes) ven		you see (formal, plural)
saber	infinitive	to know
(yo) sé	present tense	I know
(tú) sabes		you know (informal, singular)
(él/ella) sabe		he/she(/it) knows
(usted) sabe		you know (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) sabemos		we know (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sabéis		you know (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) saben		they know (m./f.)
(ustedes) saben		you know (formal, plural)
llamar	infinitive	to call
¡(tú) llama!	imperative	(you) call! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) llame!		(you) call! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) llamemos!		(let's) call! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) llamad!		(you) call! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) llamen!		(you) call! (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
valer	infinitive	to be valid, worthy
(yo) valgo	present tense	I'm valid
(tú) vales		you are valid (informal, singular)
(él/ella) vale		he/she(/it) is valid
(usted) vale		you are valid (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) valemos		we are valid (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) valéis		you are valid (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) valen		they are valid (m./f.)
(ustedes) valen		you are valid (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Nos vemos mañana, ¿no?	We see each other tomorrow, right?
¿A qué hora?	At what time?
A ver, no sé. Llámame más tarde.	Let's see. I don't know. Call me later.
Vale. Hasta mañana.	OK, see you tomorrow.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

We see each other tomorrow, right?	Nos vemos mañana, ¿no?
At what time?	¿A qué hora?
Let's see. I don't know. Call me later.	A ver, no sé. Llámame más tarde.
OK, see you tomorrow.	Vale. Hasta mañana.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

When do we see each other?	¿A qué hora nos vemos?
Let's see. We see each other tomorrow.	A ver. Nos vemos mañana.
At what time?	¿A qué hora?
I don't know.	No sé.
OK. Call me.	Vale. Llámame.
OK. When?	Vale. ¿A qué hora?
I don't know! Later!	¡No sé! ¡Más tarde!
Tomorrow?	¿Mañana?
No!	¡No!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

They see each other tomorrow, right?	Se ven mañana, ¿no?
At what time?	¿A qué hora?
Let's see. They don't know. Call me later. (formal)	A ver, no saben. Llámeme más tarde.
OK, see you tomorrow.	Vale. Hasta mañana.

Image Credits

• “Image:AndesEarlyAMArgentinoLake.jpg” by Calyponte (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Cow portrait.jpg” by Pikaluk (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)

A0013: Doing the Laundry

Introduction

Searching for something can be quite frustrating; thus, it's usually better to ask. Liliana and JP teach us how. Moreover, we learn about an easy way to express the future, how to say “there is” in Lojban, and more. The keywords are: no sé – I don't know; and ¿dónde? – where?

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0001: Are you ready yet?, A0035: Is anyone in there?, A0037: The baby is sleeping
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Voy a lavar la ropa. ¿Hay detergente?
lo ninmu:	Sí hay, abajo en la cocina.
lo nanmu:	¿Dónde? ¿En qué parte?
lo ninmu:	No sé. ¡Búscalo!

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Voy	a	lavar	la	ropa.	¿Hay	detergente?
	(I) go	to	wash	the	clothes	there is	detergent
man:	I'm going to wash clothes. Is there detergent?

lo ninmu:	Sí	hay,	abajo	en	la	cocina.
	yes	there is	down	in	the	kitchen
woman:	Yes, there is, downstairs in the kitchen.

lo nanmu:	¿Dónde?	¿En	qué	parte?
	where	in	what	part
man:	Where? In what part?

lo ninmu:	No	sé.	¡Búscalo!
	no	(I) know	(you) search it
woman:	I don't know. Look for it.

la ropa – the clothes

la cocina – the kitchen

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
ir	verb (infinitive)	to go
(yo) voy	verb (present tense)	I go
a	preposition	to
lavar	verb (infinitive)	to wash
voy a lavar	phrase	I'm going to wash
la ropa	noun (feminine)	the clothes
hay	verb (present tense)	there is, there are
el detergente	noun (masculine)	the detergent
sí	adverb	yes
abajo	adverb	down, below, downstairs
en	preposition	in
la cocina	noun (feminine)	the kitchen
¿dónde?	adverb	where?
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?
la parte	noun (feminine)	the part
no	adverb	no
saber	verb (infinitive)	to know
(yo) sé	verb (present tense)	I know
buscar	verb (infinitive)	to search
¡(tú) busca!	verb (imperative)	(you) search! (informal, singular)
lo	direct object pronoun	him, it
¡(tú) búscalo!	phrase	(you) look for it! (informal, singular)

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la comida	noun (feminine)	the food
la gasolina	noun (feminine)	the gasoline
las mujeres	noun (plural, feminine)	the women
guapo/guapa	adjective (m./f.)	beautiful
guapos/guapas	adjective (plural, m./f.)	beautiful
la mujer guapa	phrase	the beautiful woman
las mujeres guapas	phrase	the beautiful women
comer	verb (infinitive)	to eat
voy a comer	phrase	I'm going to eat
bailar	verb (infinitive)	to dance
el cine	noun (masculine)	the cinema
al (= a el)	phrase	to the
voy al cine	phrase	I'm going to the movies
el teatro	noun (masculine)	the theater
voy al teatro	phrase	I'm going to the theater
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

ir	infinitive	to go
(yo) voy	present tense	I go
(tú) vas		you go (informal, singular)
(él/ella) va		he/she(/it) goes
(usted) va		you go (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vamos		we go (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) vais		you go (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) van		they go (m./f.)
(ustedes) van		you go (formal, plural)
saber	infinitive	to know
(yo) sé	present tense	I know
(tú) sabes		you know (informal, singular)
(él/ella) sabe		he/she(/it) knows
(usted) sabe		you know (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) sabemos		we know (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sabéis		you know (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) saben		they know (m./f.)
(ustedes) saben		you know (formal, plural)
buscar	infinitive	to search
¡(tú) busca!	imperative	(you) search! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) busque!		(you) search! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) busquemos!		(let's) search! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) buscad!		(you) search! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) busquen!		(you) search! (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Voy a lavar la ropa. ¿Hay detergente?	I'm going to wash clothes. Is there detergent?
Sí hay, abajo en la cocina.	Yes, there is, downstairs in the kitchen.
¿Dónde? ¿En qué parte?	Where? In what part?
No sé. ¡Búscalo!	I don't know. Look for it.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

I'm going to wash clothes. Is there detergent?	Voy a lavar la ropa. ¿Hay detergente?
Yes, there is, downstairs in the kitchen.	Sí hay, abajo en la cocina.
Where? In what part?	¿Dónde? ¿En qué parte?
I don't know. Look for it.	No sé. ¡Búscalo!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

I'm going to wash the clothes in the kitchen.	Voy a lavar la ropa en la cocina.
There is no detergent.	No hay detergente.
I'm going to look for it.	Voy a buscarlo.
What?	¿Qué?
The detergent.	El detergente.
There is no detergent!	¡No hay detergente!
Yes, I'm going to look for it.	Sí, voy a buscarlo.
Where?	¿Dónde?
Downstairs in the kitchen.	Abajo en la cocina.
In what part?	¿En qué parte?
I don't know.	No sé.
Look for it.	¡Búscalo!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

We're going to wash clothes. Is there detergent?	Vamos a lavar la ropa. ¿Hay detergente?
Yes, there is, downstairs in the kitchen.	Sí hay, abajo en la cocina.
Where? In what part?	¿Dónde? ¿En qué parte?
You don't know (informal). Let us look for it!	No sabes. ¡Busquémoslo!

Image Credits

• “Image:Santa Claus clothes.jpg” by Paul L (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 License)
• “Image:2005-11 Bocholt Textilmuseum 04.JPG” by Ziko-C (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0015: Table for Two

Introduction

Let's be polite!—Does it matter? Well, yes. At least you should know the difference. JP and Liliana talk us through it by discussing how to be seated in a restaurant. The keyword is: reservación – reservation.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0010: I'm hungry, A0041: Cheers!, A0062: At the bank
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Mesa para dos, si es tan amable.
mujer:	¿Tiene reservación?
lo nanmu:	No, no tengo.
mujer:	No importa. Síganme por favor.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Mesa	para	dos,	si	es	tan	amable.
	table	for	two	if	(you) are	so	kind
man:	Table for two, if you'd be so kind.

mujer:	¿Tiene	reservación?
	(you) have	reservation
woman:	Do you have a reservation?

lo nanmu:	No,	no	tengo.
	no	not	(I) have
man:	No, I don't.

mujer:	No	importa.	Síganme	por favor.
	not	(it) matters	(you) follow me	please
woman:	It doesn't matter. Follow me please.

seguir – to follow

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
la mesa	noun (feminine)	the table
para	preposition	for
dos	number	two
si	conjunction	if
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(usted) es	verb (present tense)	you are (formal, singular)
tan	adverb	so
amable	adjective (m./f.)	kind
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(usted) tiene	verb (present tense)	you have (formal, singular)
la reservación	noun (feminine)	the reservation
no	adverb	not, no
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
importar	verb (infinitive)	to matter
(él/ella) importa	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) matters
seguir	verb (infinitive)	to follow
¡(ustedes) sigan!	verb (imperative)	(you) follow! (formal, plural)
¡(ustedes) síganme!	phrase	(you) follow me! (formal, plural)
por favor	phrase	please

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

(tú) tienes	verb (present tense)	you have (informal, singular)
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
importar	infinitive	to matter
(yo) importo	present tense	I matter
(tú) importas		you matter (informal, singular)
(él/ella) importa		he/she(/it) matters
(usted) importa		you matter (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) importamos		we matter (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) importáis		you matter (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) importan		they matter (m./f.)
(ustedes) importan		you matter (formal, plural)
seguir	infinitive	to follow
¡(tú) sigue!	imperative	(you) follow! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) siga!		(you) follow! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) sigamos!		(let's) follow! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) seguid!		(you) follow! (informal, plural)
¡(ustedes) sigan!		(you) follow! (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)

uno 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5

seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10

once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15

dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19 veinte 20

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Mesa para dos, si es tan amable.	Table for two, if you'd be so kind.
¿Tiene reservación?	Do you have a reservation?
No, no tengo.	No, I don't.
No importa. Síganme por favor.	It doesn't matter. Follow me please.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Table for two, if you are so kind.	Mesa para dos, si es tan amable.
Do you have a reservation?	¿Tiene reservación?
No, I don't.	No, no tengo.
It doesn't matter. Follow me please.	No importa. Síganme por favor.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

A table for two, please. I don't have a reservation.	Mesa para dos, por favor. No tengo reservación.
You don't have a reservation?	¿No tiene reservación?
No, I don't have. Does it matter?	No, no tengo. ¿Importa?
No, it doesn't matter.	No, no importa.
You are kind.	Es amable.
For two? Follow me, please.	¿Para dos? Síganme, por favor.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Table for two, if you are so kind. (informal)	Mesa para dos, si eres tan amable.
Do you have a reservation? (informal)	¿Tienes reservación?
No, we don't.	No, no tenemos.
It doesn't matter. Follow me please. (informal, plural)	No importa. Seguidme por favor.

Image Credits

• “Image:Pied Piper with Children.jpg” by Kate Greenaway (Public Domain)

A0016: I Feel Sick

Introduction

It's never good when someone doesn't feel well but at least you can use the opportunity to start a small conversation in Lojban. The keywords are pobrecito – poor guy, and ¿Qué tienes? – What's wrong with you?

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0006: How's it going?, A0076: Jet-lag, A0116: Do you want a mint?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	Hombre, ¿qué te pasa?
lo nanmu:	Me siento mal.
lo ninmu:	¿Qué tienes?
lo nanmu:	Me duele el estómago.
lo ninmu:	Pobrecito.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	Hombre,	¿qué	te	pasa?
	man	what	(to) you	(it) happens
woman:	Hey, what's happening to you?

lo nanmu:	Me	siento	mal.
	myself	(I) feel	badly
man:	I don't feel so good.

lo ninmu:	¿Qué	tienes?
	what	(you) have
woman:	What's wrong with you?

lo nanmu:	Me	duele	el	estómago.
	(to) me	hurts	the	stomach
man:	My stomach hurts.

lo ninmu:	Pobrecito.
	poor guy
woman:	Poor little dude.

el estómago – the stomach

pobre – poor

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?
te	indirect object pronoun	(to) you
pasar	verb (infinitive)	to happen
(él/ella) pasa	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) happens
se	reflexive pronoun	oneself
sentirse	verb (infinitive)	to feel (oneself)
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
(yó) me siento	verb (present tense)	I feel (myself)
mal	adverb	badly
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(tú) tienes	verb (present tense)	you have (informal, singular)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
doler	verb (infinitive)	to hurt
(él/ella) duele	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) hurts
el estómago	noun (masculine)	the stomach
pobre	adjective (m./f.)	poor
el pobrecito	noun (masculine)	the poor little guy

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

gordo/gorda	adjective (m./f.)	fat
el gordito	noun (masculine)	the chubby guy
poco/poca	adjective (m./f.)	little
el poquito	noun (masculine)	the little cute bit
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
pasar	infinitive	to happen
(yo) paso	present tense	I happen
(tú) pasas		you happen (informal, singular)
(él/ella) pasa		he/she(/it) happens
(usted) pasa		you happen (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) pasamos		we happen (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) pasáis		you happen (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) pasan		they happen (m./f.)
(ustedes) pasan		you happen (formal, plural)
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal, singular)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal, singular)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal, plural)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal, plural)
sentirse	infinitive	to feel (oneself)
(yo) me siento	present tense	I feel (myself)
(tú) te sientes		you feel (yourself) (informal, singular)
(él/ella) se siente		he/she(/it) feels (himself/herself/itself)
(usted) se siente		you feel (yourself) (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) nos sentimos		we feel (ourselves) (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) os sentís		you feel (yourselves) (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) se sienten		they feel (themselves) (m./f.)
(ustedes) se sienten		you feel (yourselves) (formal, plural)
tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
doler	infinitive	to hurt
(yo) duelo	present tense	I hurt
(tú) dueles		you hurt (informal, singular)
(él/ella) duele		he/she(/it) hurts
(usted) duele		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) dolemos		we hurt (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) doléis		you hurt (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) duelen		they hurt (m./f.)
(ustedes) duelen		you hurt (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Hombre, ¿qué te pasa?	Hey, what's happening to you?
Me siento mal.	I don't feel so good.
¿Qué tienes?	What's wrong with you?
Me duele el estómago.	My stomach hurts.
Pobrecito.	Poor little dude.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Man, what's happening to you?	Hombre, ¿qué te pasa?
I don't feel so good.	Me siento mal.
What's wrong with you?	¿Qué tienes?
My stomach hurts.	Me duele el estómago.
Poor guy.	Pobrecito.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Hey!	¡Hombre!
What's up? (= What happens?)	¿Qué pasa?
I feel very (= muy) bad.	Me siento muy mal.
What's your problem?	¿Qué tienes?
I have a headache. (= The head (= la cabeza) hurts to me.)	Me duele la cabeza.
I feel sorry. (= It (= lo) I feel.)	Lo siento.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

What's happening to you? (formal, plural)	¿Qué les pasa?
We don't feel so good.	Nos sentimos mal.
What's wrong with you? (formal, plural)	¿Qué tienen (ustedes)?
My stomach hurts.	Me duele el estómago.
Poor little guy.	Pobrecito.

Image Credits

• “Image:Stomach diagram.svg” by Indolences at en.wikipedia (Public Domain)
• “Image:Carl Spitzweg 017.jpg” by Carl Spitzweg (Public Domain)

A0019: How Do You Spell ‘Beige’?

Introduction

You have a question? Liliana and JP tell us how to ask it. Specifically, they talk about a spelling question; thus, the keyword is be de burro – b as in donkey (b as in Bob).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0005: Take a picture, A0008: How do you say ...?, A0011: Call me
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Tengo una pregunta.
lo ninmu:	¡Dime!
lo nanmu:	¿Cómo se escribe beige?
lo ninmu:	¿El color? Se escribe con be de burro, e, i, ge, e.
lo nanmu:	Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Tengo	una	pregunta.
	(I) have	a	question
man:	I have a question.

lo ninmu:	¡Dime!
	tell me
woman:	Tell me!

lo nanmu:	¿Cómo	se	escribe	beige?
	how	itself/one	writes	beige
man:	How do you write beige?

lo ninmu:	¿El color?	Se	escribe	con	be de burro,	e, i, ge, e.
	the color	itself/one	writes	with	b of donkey,	e, i, g, e
woman:	The color? You write it with b as in Bob, e, i, g, e.

lo nanmu:	Gracias.
	thanks
man:	Thanks.

escribir – to write

el color – the color

el burro – the donkey

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la pregunta	noun (feminine)	the question
decir	verb (infinitive)	to say
¡(tú) di!	verb (imperative)	(you) say! (informal, singular)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
¡dime!	phrase	tell me!
¿cómo?	adverb	how?
se	reflexive pronoun	itself, one, you
escribir	verb (infinitive)	to write
(él/ella) escribe	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) writes
beige	adjective (m./f.)	beige
el color	noun (masculine)	the color
con	preposition	with
de	preposition	of
el burro	noun (masculine)	the donkey
la be de burro	phrase	the b as in donkey
la e	noun (feminine)	the e
la i	noun (feminine)	the i
la ge	noun (feminine)	the g
gracias	phrase	thanks

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

¿Cómo se escribe?	phrase	How do you write?
la a	noun (feminine)	the a
la ce	noun (feminine)	the c
la ere	noun (feminine)	the r
la ese	noun (feminine)	the s
Parangaricutirimícuaro	noun (masculine)	a tongue twister

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
decir	infinitive	to say
¡(tú) di!	imperative	(you) say! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) diga!		(you) say! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) digamos!		(let's) say! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) decid!		(you) say! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) digan!		(you) say! (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
escribir	infinitive	to write
(yo) escribo	present tense	I write
(tú) escribes		you write (informal, singular)
(él/ella) escribe		he/she(/it) writes
(usted) escribe		you write (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) escribimos		we write (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) escribís		you write (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) escriben		they write (m./f.)
(ustedes) escriben		you write (formal, plural)

a, be, ce, che, de, e,	noun (feminine)	letters from a to z
efe, ge, hache, i, jota,
ka, ele, elle, eme, ene, eñe,
o, pe, cu, ere, ese, te,
u, ve, doble ve,
equis, i griega, zeta

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Tengo una pregunta.	I have a question.
¡Dime!	Tell me!
¿Cómo se escribe beige?	How do you write beige?
¿El color? Se escribe con be de burro, e, i, ge, e.	The color? You write it with b as in Bob, e, i, g, e.
Gracias.	Thanks.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

I have a question.	Tengo una pregunta.
Tell me!	¡Dime!
How do you write beige?	¿Cómo se escribe beige?
The color? You write it with b as in Bob, e, i, g, e.	¿El color? Se escribe con be de burro, e, i, ge, e.
Thanks.	Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Tell me a question!	¡Dime una pregunta!
I have one.	Tengo una.
Tell me!	¡Dime!
How do you write escribir?	¿Cómo se escribe escribir?
One writes e, s, c, r, i, b, i, r.	Se escribe e, ese, ce, ere, i, be de burro, i, ere.
Thanks.	Gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

We have a question.	Tenemos una pregunta.
You tell me! (formal, plural)	¡Díganme!
How do you write beige?	¿Cómo se escribe beige?
The color? You write it with b as in Bob, e, i, g, e.	¿El color? Se escribe con be de burro, e, i, ge, e.
Thanks.	Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Gandhi writing 1942.jpg” by an unknown photographer (Public Domain)
• “Image:Brush and watercolours.jpg” by Jennifer R. (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)
• “Image:Donkey Catalan race.jpg” by David Gaya (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0021: I'm Sleepy

Introduction

You only get what you ask for (in capitalism at least); thus, you better know how to express your preferences. Sometimes you might even have to give a reason for them. But don't worry, JP and Liliana tell us how. Furthermore, they talk about the many ways of saying good bye. Our keyphrase is tengo sueño – I'm sleepy.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0002: Birthday party, A0010: I'm hungry, A0076: Jet-lag
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¿Quieres salir hoy?
lo ninmu:	No, prefiero quedarme en casa.
lo nanmu:	¿Por qué?
lo ninmu:	Tengo sueño.
lo nanmu:	Ni modo. Nos vemos mañana.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¿Quieres	salir	hoy?
	(you) want	go out	today
man:	Do you want to go out today?

lo ninmu:	No,	prefiero	quedarme	en	casa.
	no	(I) prefer	stay (myself)	in	house
woman:	No, I prefer to stay at home.

lo nanmu:	¿Por	qué?
	by	what
man:	Why?

lo ninmu:	Tengo	sueño.
	(I) have	sleep
woman:	I'm sleepy.

lo nanmu:	Ni modo.	Nos	vemos	mañana.
	no way	each other	(we) see	tomorrow
man:	Too bad. We see each other tomorrow.

la casa – the house

el sueño – the sleep

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want, to like
(tú) quieres	verb (present tense)	you want (informal, singular)
salir	verb (infinitive)	to go out
hoy	adverb	today
no	adverb	no
preferir	verb (infinitive)	to prefer
(yo) prefiero	verb (present tense)	I prefer
se	reflexive pronoun	oneself
quedarse	verb (infinitive)	to stay (oneself)
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
en	preposition	in
la casa	noun (feminine)	the house
en casa	phrase	at home
¿por qué?	adverb	why?
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
el sueño	noun (masculine)	the sleep
tener sueño	phrase	to be sleepy
ni modo	phrase	too bad, no way
nos	reflexive pronoun	us, each other
ver	verb (infinitive)	to see
(nosotros/-as) vemos	verb (present tense)	we see
nos vemos	phrase	see ya, we see each other
mañana	adverb	tomorrow

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

nos vemos	phrase	see ya, we see each other
adiós	interjection	good bye
hasta luego	phrase	until later
bye	interjection	bye
hasta pronto	phrase	until soon
nos vemos al rato	phrase	we see each other in a while
ciao	interjection	bye

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)
salir	infinitive	to go out
(yo) salgo	present tense	I go out
(tú) sales		you go out (informal, singular)
(él/ella) sale		he/she(/it) goes out
(usted) sale		you go out (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) salimos		we go out (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) salís		you go out (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) salen		they go out (m./f.)
(ustedes) salen		you go out (formal, plural)
preferir	infinitive	to prefer
(yo) prefiero	present tense	I prefer
(tú) prefieres		you prefer (informal, singular)
(él/ella) prefiere		he/she(/it) prefers
(usted) prefiere		you prefer (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) preferimos		we prefer (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) preferís		you prefer (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) prefieren		they prefer (m./f.)
(ustedes) prefieren		you prefer (formal, plural)
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal, singular)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal, singular)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal, plural)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal, plural)
quedarse	infinitive	to stay (oneself)
(yo) me quedo	present tense	I stay (myself)
(tú) te quedas		you stay (yourself) (informal, singular)
(él/ella) se queda		he/she(/it) stays (himself/herself/itself)
(usted) se queda		you stay (yourself) (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) nos quedamos		we stay (ourselves) (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) os quedáis		you stay (yourselves) (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) se quedan		they stay (themselves) (m./f.)
(ustedes) se quedan		you stay (yourselves) (formal, plural)
tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
ver	infinitive	to see
(yo) veo	present tense	I see
(tú) ves		you see (informal, singular)
(él/ella) ve		he/she(/it) sees
(usted) ve		you see (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vemos		we see (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) veis		you see (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) ven		they see (m./f.)
(ustedes) ven		you see (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Quieres salir hoy?	Do you want go out today?
No, prefiero quedarme en casa.	No, I prefer to stay at home.
¿Por qué?	Why?
Tengo sueño.	I'm sleepy.
Ni modo. Nos vemos mañana.	Too bad. We see each other tomorrow.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Do you want to go out today?	¿Quieres salir hoy?
No, I prefer to stay at home.	No, prefiero quedarme en casa.
Why?	¿Por qué?
I'm sleepy.	Tengo sueño.
Too bad. We see each other tomorrow.	Ni modo. Nos vemos mañana.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Do you want to go out?	¿Quieres salir?
No, not today. I prefer to go out tomorrow.	No, hoy no. Prefiero salir mañana.
You don't want to go out today?	¿No quieres salir hoy?
No. Why don't you want to go out tomorrow?	No. ¿Por qué no quieres salir mañana?
I prefer to go out today.	Prefiero salir hoy.
Why?	¿Por qué?
Tomorrow I'm sleepy.	Mañana tengo sueño.
What?	¿Qué?
I prefer to stay at home tomorrow.	Prefiero quedarme en casa mañana.
Too bad. Do we see each other tomorrow?	Ni modo. ¿Nos vemos mañana?
No. Good bye.	No. Adiós.
See you soon!	¡Hasta pronto!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Do you want to go out today? (plural)	¿Queréis salir hoy?
No, we prefer to stay at home.	No, preferimos quedarnos en casa.
Why?	¿Por qué?
We're sleepy.	Tenemos sueño.
Too bad. We see each other tomorrow.	Ni modo. Nos vemos mañana.

Image Credits

• “Image:Spain.Barcelona.Casa.Mila.jpg” by Year of the dragon (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:A.Cortina El sueño.jpg” by J. R. Albelda Cortina (Public Domain)

A0023: Going to the Market

Introduction

We are going shopping! This time for fresh apples. Yummy! The keywords are: verde – green and roja – red (for feminine nouns).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0047: Coffee time, A0066: Bottle of water, A0122: Telephone card
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Buenas tardes. ¿Me da un kilo de manzana?
lo ninmu:	¿Manzana verde o roja?
lo nanmu:	Verde, por favor.
lo ninmu:	¿Algo más?
lo nanmu:	No, es todo. Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Buenas	tardes.	¿Me	da	un	kilo	de	manzana?
	good	afternoons	(to) me	(you) give	a	kilo	of	apples
man:	Good afternoon. Will you give me a kilo of apples?

lo ninmu:	¿Manzana	verde	o	roja?
	apple	green	or	red
woman:	Green apples or red ones?

lo nanmu:	Verde,	por favor.
	green	please
man:	Green, please.

lo ninmu:	¿Algo	más?
	something	more
woman:	Anything else?

lo nanmu:	No,	es	todo.	Gracias.
	no	(it) is	all	thanks
man:	No, that's all. Thanks.

el kilo – the kilo

la manzana verde – the green apple

la manzana roja – the red apple

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
bueno/buena	adjective (m./f.)	good
buenos/buenas	adjective (plural, m./f.)	good
la tarde	noun (feminine)	the afternoon
las tardes	noun (plural, feminine)	the afternoons
buenas tardes	phrase	good afternoon
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
dar	verb (infinitive)	to give
(usted) da	verb (present tense)	you give (formal, singular)
(usted) me da	phrase	you give to me (formal, singular)
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
el kilo	noun (masculine)	the kilo
de	preposition	of
la manzana	noun (feminine)	the apple
verde	adjective (m./f.)	green
rojo/roja	adjective (m./f.)	red
por favor	phrase	please
algo	pronoun	something
más	adverb	more
no	adverb	no
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
todo	pronoun	all
gracias	phrase	thanks

el tianguis – the Mexican market

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el día	noun (masculine)	the day
los días	noun (plural, masculine)	the days
buenos días	phrase	good morning
(tú) das	verb (present tense)	you give (informal, singular)
(tú) me das	phrase	you give to me (informal, singular)
el tianguis	noun (masculine)	the Mexican market
nada	adverb	nothing
nada más	phrase	nothing else
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
dar	infinitive	to give
(yo) doy	present tense	I give
(tú) das		you give (informal, singular)
(él/ella) da		he/she(/it) gives
(usted) da		you give (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) damos		we give (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) dais		you give (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) dan		they give (m./f.)
(ustedes) dan		you give (formal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Buenas tardes. ¿Me da un kilo de manzana?	Good afternoon. Will you give me a kilo of apples?
¿Manzana verde o roja?	Green apples or red ones?
Verde, por favor.	Green, please.
¿Algo más?	Anything else?
No, es todo. Gracias.	No, that's all. Thanks.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Good afternoon. Will you give me a kilo of apples?	Buenas tardes. ¿Me da un kilo de manzana?
Green apples or red ones?	¿Manzana verde o roja?
Green, please.	Verde, por favor.
Anything else?	¿Algo más?
No, that's all. Thanks.	No, es todo. Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Good afternoon.	Buenas tardes.
Good afternoon. Will you give me a kilo of apples, please?	Buenas tardes. ¿Me da un kilo de manzana, por favor?
Green apples?	¿Manzana verde?
No, a kilo of red apples, please.	No, un kilo de manzana roja, por favor.
Anything else?	¿Algo más?
One kilo more.	Un kilo más.
Is that all?	¿Es todo?
No. Will you give me a kilo of green apples?	No. ¿Me da un kilo de manzana verde?
Anything else?	¿Algo más?
No, that's all. Thanks.	No, es todo. Gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Good afternoon. Will you give me a kilo of apples? (informal)	Buenas tardes. ¿Me das un kilo de manzana?
Green apples or red ones?	¿Manzana verde o roja?
Green, please.	Verde, por favor.
Anything else?	¿Algo más?
No, that's all. Thanks.	No, es todo. Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Goldkey logo removed.jpg” by Swiss Banker (Public Domain)
• “Image:Chrisdesign Photorealistic Green Apple.svg” from the Open Clip Art Library (Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication)
• “Image:Reinette baumann.jpg” by Wilhelm Lauche (Public Domain)
• “Image:Eloxochitlán - Tianguis.jpg” by Yavidaxiu (Public Domain)

A0027: The Neighbor

Introduction

Yes, there is something for everyone: Here comes the anti-social dialogue! On the other hand, talking about neighbors is a pretty social activity, isn't it? In any case, the keyword is: tampoco – not either.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0004: She's not Mexican, A0030: Call back later, A0072: Here is my card
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	Ahí viene el vecino.
lo nanmu:	¿Lo conoces?
lo ninmu:	No, no lo conozco. ¿Y tú?
lo nanmu:	Tampoco.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	Ahí	viene	el	vecino.
	there	(he) comes	the	neighbor
woman:	Here comes the neighbor.

lo nanmu:	¿Lo	conoces?
	him	(you) know
man:	Do you know him?

lo ninmu:	No,	no	lo	conozco.	¿Y	tú?
	no	not	him	(I) know	and	you
woman:	No, I don't know him. How about you?

lo nanmu:	Tampoco.
	not either
man:	Me neither.

los vecinos – the neighbors

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
ahí	adverb	there
venir	verb (infinitive)	to come
(él/ella) viene	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) comes
el vecino	noun (masculine)	the (male) neighbor
lo	direct object pronoun	him
conocer	verb (infinitive)	to know
(tú) conoces	verb (present tense)	you know (informal, singular)
no	adverb	no, not
(yo) conozco	verb (present tense)	I know
y	conjunction	and
tú	subject pronoun	you
tampoco	adverb	not either

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la vecina	noun (feminine)	the (female) neighbor
la	direct object pronoun	her
yo tampoco	phrase	me neither
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
el dinero	noun (masculine)	the money
no tengo dinero	phrase	I don't have money
el fraccionamiento	noun (masculine)	residential area
la vecindad	noun (masculine)	neighborhood sharing a court yard

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

venir	infinitive	to come
(yo) vengo	present tense	I come
(tú) vienes		you come (informal, singular)
(él/ella) viene		he/she(/it) comes
(usted) viene		you come (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) venimos		we come (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) venís		you come (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) vienen		they come (m./f.)
(ustedes) vienen		you come (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
conocer	infinitive	to know (a person)
(yo) conozco	present tense	I know
(tú) conoces		you know (informal, singular)
(él/ella) conoce		he/she(/it) knows
(usted) conoce		you know (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) conocemos		we know (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) conocéis		you know (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) conocen		they know (m./f.)
(ustedes) conocen		you know (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Ahí viene el vecino.	Here comes the neighbor.
¿Lo conoces?	Do you know him?
No, no lo conozco. ¿Y tú?	No, I don't know him. How about you?
Tampoco.	Me neither.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Here comes the neighbor.	Ahí viene el vecino.
Do you know him?	¿Lo conoces?
No, I don't know him. How about you?	No, no lo conozco. ¿Y tú?
Me neither.	(Yo) tampoco.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

There the neighbor comes.	Ahí el vecino viene.
I don't know him. Do you know him?	No lo conozco. ¿Lo conoces?
I don't know him either.	No lo conozco tampoco.
And the (female) neighbor?	¿Y la vecina?
I don't know her. What about you?	No la conozco. ¿Y tú?
Neither do I know her.	Yo tampoco la conozco.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Here comes the neighbor.	Ahí viene el vecino.
Do you know him? (formal)	¿Lo conoce?
No, I don't know him. How about you? (formal)	No, no lo conozco. ¿Y usted?
Me neither.	(Yo) tampoco.

Image Credits

• “Image:HombresIlustresStreetLosReyesMexico.JPG” by Thelmadatter (Public Domain)

A0030: Call back Later

Introduction

Making a phone call in Lojban can be somewhat challenging. (I'll never forget my first phone call in Lojban; that's for sure.) Thus, the information provided by Liliana and JP in this lesson is particular useful. The keywords are: está – he/she is (in), no está – he/she is not (in).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0011: Call me, A0027: The Neighbor, A0131: I miss them
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¿Hola?
lo ninmu:	¿Está Mauricio?
lo nanmu:	No, no está. Llámalo más tarde.
lo ninmu:	Muy bien. Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¿Hola?
	hello
man:	Hello?

lo ninmu:	¿Está	Mauricio?
	(he) is (in)	Mauricio
woman:	Is Mauricio in?

lo nanmu:	No,	no	está.	Llámalo	más	tarde.
	no	not	(he) is (in)	call him	more	late
man:	No, he's not in. Call him back later.

lo ninmu:	Muy	bien.	Gracias.
	very	well	thanks
woman:	Fine. Thank you.

llamar – to call

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
¿hola?	interjection	hello?
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be (at a location)
(él/ella) está	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
Mauricio	noun (masculine)
no	adverb	no, not
llamar	verb (infinitive)	to call
¡llama!	verb (imperative)	you call! (informal, singular)
lo	direct object pronoun	him, it
¡llámalo!	verb (imperative)	you call him! (informal, singular)
más	adverb	more
tarde	adverb	late
más tarde	phrase	later
muy	adverb	very
bien	adverb	well
gracias	phrase	thanks

salado/salada – salty

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la tarde	noun (feminine)	the afternoon
bonito/bonita	article (m./f.)	pretty
salado/salada	article (m./f.)	salty
está bien	phrase	alright
la llamada	noun (feminine)	the phone call
se	reflexive pronoun	oneself
llamarse	verb (infinitive)	to call oneself, to be called
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
(yo) me llamo	verb (present tense)	I call myself, my name is
¡aló!	interjection	hello!
¡bueno!	interjection	good!
¡dime!	phrase	tell me!
¡diga!	phrase	speak! (formal)
¡dímelo!	phrase	tell it to me!
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)
llamar	infinitive	to call
¡(tú) llama!	imperative	(you) call! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) llame!		(you) call! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) llamemos!		(let's) call! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) llamad!		(you) call! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) llamen!		(you) call! (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
decir	infinitive	to say
(yo) digo	present tense	I say
(tú) dices		you say (informal, singular)
(él/ella) dice		he/she(/it) says
(usted) dice		you say (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) decimos		we say (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) decís		you say (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) dicen		they say (m./f.)
(ustedes) dicen		you say (formal, plural)

Exercises

Cover the right column, translate from English to Lojban and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers.

Dialogue Translation

¿Hola?	Hello?
¿Está Mauricio?	Is Mauricio in?
No, no está. Llámalo más tarde.	No, he's not in. Call him back later.
Muy bien. Gracias.	Fine. Thank you.

Dialogue Recall

Hello?	¿Hola?
Is Mauricio in?	¿Está Mauricio?
No, he's not in. Call him back later.	No, no está. Llámalo más tarde.
Fine. Thanks.	Muy bien. Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Tell me!	¡Dime!
Hello?	¿Hola?
Hello! Tell it to me!	¡Hola! ¡Dímelo!
Mauricio?	¿Mauricio?
No, Mauricio is not in.	No, Mauricio no está.
Mauricio is not in?	¿No está Mauricio?
No, he's not in. Call him back later.	No, no está. Llámalo más tarde.
Alright. Thanks.	Muy bien/está bien. Gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Hello?	¿Hola?
Is Ana in?	¿Está Ana?
No, she's not in. Call her back later.	No, no está. Llámala más tarde.
Fine. Thank you.	Muy bien. Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Gandhi telephoning.jpg” by an unknown photographer (Public Domain)
• “Image:Tablesalt2.jpg” by BenB4 (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0033: It's Expensive

Introduction

Beware! This is the taboo lesson: rents, salaries, politics, religion, sex, and ... mamas! Liliana and JP give invaluable information about US-American and Latin-American culture. The keywords are: cara – expensive (for feminine nouns) and caro – expensive (for masculine nouns).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0013: Doing the laundry, A0037: The baby is sleeping, A0062: At the bank
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Mi renta es de mil dólares.
lo ninmu:	¿En serio? Es muy cara.
lo nanmu:	Pero todo es caro.
lo ninmu:	Tienes razón.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Mi	renta	es	de	mil	dólares.
	my	rent	is	of	thousand	dollars
man:	My rent is at a thousand dollars.

lo ninmu:	¿En	serio?	Es	muy	cara.
	in	serious	(it) is	very	expensive
woman:	Seriously? It's very expensive.

lo nanmu:	Pero	todo	es	caro
	but	everything	is	expensive
man:	But everything is expensive.

lo ninmu:	Tienes	razón.
	(you) have	right
woman:	You're right.

el dólar – the dollar

mil dólares – one thousand dollars

la cara – the face

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
mi	possessive adjective	my
la renta	noun (feminine)	the rent
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
de	preposition	of
mil	number	thousand
el dólar	noun (masculine)	the dollar
los dólares	noun (plural, masculine)	the dollars
en	preposition	in
serio/seria	adjective (m./f.)	serious
muy	adverb	very
caro/cara	adjective (m./f.)	expensive
pero	conjunction	but
todo	pronoun	everything, all
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(tú) tienes	verb (present tense)	you have (informal, singular)
la razón	noun (feminine)	the reason
tener razón	phrase	to be right

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la cara	noun (feminine)	the face
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Mi renta es de mil dólares.	My rent is at a thousand dollars.
¿En serio? Es muy cara.	Seriously? It's very expensive.
Pero todo es caro.	But everything is expensive.
Tienes razón.	You're right.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

My rent is at a thousand dollars.	Mi renta es de mil dólares.
Seriously? It's very expensive.	¿En serio? Es muy cara.
But everything is expensive.	Pero todo es caro.
You're right.	Tienes razón.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Everything is very expensive.	Todo es muy caro.
You are right. My rent is very expensive.	Tienes razón. Mi renta es muy caro.
Everything.	Todo.
My rent is at a thousand dollars.	Mi renta es de mil dólares.
That is very, very expensive.	Es muy, muy caro.
Seriously?	¿En serio?
Seriously! But everything is very expensive.	¡En serio! Pero todo es muy caro.
Everything.	Todo.

Dialogue Recast

This exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Our rent is at a thousand dollars.	Nuestra renta es de mil dólares.
Seriously? It's very expensive.	¿En serio? Es muy cara.
But everything is expensive.	Pero todo es caro.
You're right. (formal)	Tiene razón.

Image Credits

• “Image:United States one dollar bill, obverse.jpg” by the United States government (Public Domain)
• “Image:1000 USD note; series of 1934; obverse.jpg” by the United States government (Public Domain)
• “Image:Addesso opie.svg” by Addesso at en.wikipedia (Public Domain)

A0035: Is Anyone in there?

Introduction

You never know who is in a bathroom! Thus, better check before you enter. JP and Liliana talk about how to do this and all the other things that can happen in Mexican bathrooms ... The key sentence is: está ocupado – it's busy/someone's in here.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0013: Doing the laundry, A0062: At the bank, A0102: Where is the restroom?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	Está ocupado.
lo nanmu:	Ah, disculpe.
lo ninmu:	No hay problema. Puede pasar.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	Está	ocupado.
	(it) is	busy
woman:	It's busy.

lo nanmu:	Ah,	disculpe.
	oh	(you) pardon (me)
man:	Oh, sorry.

lo ninmu:	No	hay	problema.	Puede	pasar.
	not	there is	problem	(you) can	pass
woman:	There's no problem. You can go in.

ocupado/ocupada – busy

las damas – the ladies

los caballeros – the gentlemen

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be
ocupar	verb (infinitive)	to occupy
ocupado	verb (participle)	occupied
ocupado/ocupada	adjective (m./f.)	busy, taken
ah	interjection	oh
disculpar	verb (infinitive)	to pardon
¡(usted) disculpe!	verb (imperative)	you pardon! (formal, singular)
no	adverb	not
hay	verb (present tense)	there is, there are
el problema	noun (masculine)	the problem
poder	verb (infinitive)	to be able
(usted) puede	verb (present tense)	you can (formal, singular)
pasar	verb (infinitive)	to pass
(usted) puede pasar	phrase	you can go ahead

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el baño	noun (masculine)	the bathroom
comer	verb (infinitive)	to eat
bailar	verb (infinitive)	to dance
vomitar	verb (infinitive)	to vomit
la dama	noun (feminine)	the lady
las damas	noun (plural, feminine)	the ladies
el caballero	noun (masculine)	the gentleman
los caballeros	noun (plural, masculine)	the gentlemen
¿está ocupado?	phrase	is it busy/taken?

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)
disculpar	infinitive	to pardon
¡(tú) disculpa!	imperative	(you) pardon! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) disculpe!		(you) pardon! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) disculpemos!		(let's) pardon! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) disculpad!		(you) pardon! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) disculpen!		(you) pardon! (formal, plural)
poder	infinitive	to be able
(yo) puedo	present tense	I can
(tú) puedes		you can (informal, singular)
(él/ella) puede		he/she(/it) can
(usted) puede		you can (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) podemos		we can (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) podéis		you can (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) pueden		they can (m./f.)
(ustedes) pueden		you can (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Está ocupado.	It's busy.
Ah, disculpe.	Oh, sorry.
No hay problema. Puede pasar.	There's no problem. You can go in.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

It's busy.	Está ocupado.
Oh, sorry. (formal)	Ah, disculpe.
There's no problem. You can go in. (formal)	No hay problema. Puede pasar.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Is the bathroom busy?	¿El baño está ocupado?
It's busy!	¡Está ocupado!
No problem.	No hay problema.
You cannot enter! (formal)	¡No puede pasar!
Oh, sorry! (formal)	Ah, disculpe.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

It's busy.	Está ocupado.
Oh, sorry. (informal)	Ah, disculpa.
There's no problem. You can go in. (informal)	No hay problema. Puedes pasar.

Image Credits

• “Image:Door Knob with Lock USA.jpg” by Stilfehler (GNU Lesser General Public License)
• “Image:Toilet women.svg” by Lateiner (GNU Free Documentation License and Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License)
• “Image:Aiga toiletsq men.svg” from the AIGA symbol signs collection (Public Domain)

A0037: The baby Is Sleeping

Introduction

Sh! Don't make that much noise when reading this! And don't miss Liliana and JP talking about babys, prohibitive commands, and kids in general. And don't forget to listen for the keyword: ruido – the noise.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0013: Doing the laundry, A0033: It's expensive, A0035: Is anyone in there?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¡Sh! ¡No hagas ruido!
lo ninmu:	¿Por qué?
lo nanmu:	El bebé está dormido.
lo ninmu:	¡No te preocupes!

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¡Sh!	¡No	hagas	ruido!
	sh	not	(you) make	noise
man:	Sh! Don't make noise!

lo ninmu:	¿Por qué?
	why
woman:	Why?

lo nanmu:	El	bebé	está	dormido.
	the	baby	is	sleeping
man:	The baby is sleeping.

lo ninmu:	¡No	te	preocupes!
	no	yourself	worry
woman:	Don't worry.

el bebé/la bebé – the baby

dormido/dormida – asleep

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
no	adverb	not
hacer	verb (infinitive)	to make
¡(tú) no hagas!	verb (negative imperative)	(you) don't make! (informal, singular)
el ruido	noun (masculine)	the noise
¿por qué?	adverb	why?
el bebé/la bebé	noun (m./f.)	the baby
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) está	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
dormir	verb (infinitive)	to sleep
dormido/dormida	adjective (m./f.)	asleep
se	reflexive pronoun	oneself
preocuparse	verb (infinitive)	to worry (oneself)
te	reflexive pronoun	yourself
¡(tú) no te preocupes!	verb (negative imperative)	(you) don't worry (yourself)!

los chicos – the kids

el escuincle/la escuincla – the skinny dog

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el silencio	noun (masculine)	the silence
suave	adjective (m./f.)	soft
el niño/la niña	noun (m./f.)	the child
los niños/las niñas	noun (plural, m./f.)	the children
el chico/la chica	noun (m./f.)	the boy/the girl
los chicos/las chicas	noun (plural, m./f.)	the kids/the girls
el pequeño/la pequeña	noun (m./f.)	the little one
los pequeños/las pequeñas	noun (plural, m./f.)	the little ones
el mocoso/la mocosa	noun (m./f.)	the snotty one
los mocosos/las mocosas	noun (plural, m./f.)	the snotty ones
el chilpayate/la chilpayata	noun (m./f.)	the little child (Mexican)
el escuincle/la escuincla	noun (m./f.)	the skinny dog (Aztec)
los/las escuincles	noun (plural, m./f.)	the skinny dogs (Aztec)
¿dónde?	adverb	where?
(ellos/ellas) están	verb (present tense)	they are
¿Dónde están los escuincles?	phrase	Where are the little dogs?
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

hacer	infinitive	to make
¡(tú) no hagas!	negative imperative	(you) don't make! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) no haga!		(you) don't make! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) no hagamos!		(let's) don't make! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) no hagáis!		(you) don't make! (informal, plural)
¡(ustedes) no hagan!		(you) don't make! (formal, plural)
estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal, singular)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal, singular)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal, plural)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal, plural)
preocuparse	infinitive	to worry (oneself)
¡(tú) no te preocupes!	negative imperative	(you) don't worry (yourself)! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) no se preocupe!		(you) don't worry! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) no nos preocupemos!		(let's) don't worry! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) no os preocupéis!		(you) don't worry! (informal, plural)
¡(ustedes) no se preocupen!		(you) don't worry! (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Sh! ¡No hagas ruido!	Sh! Don't make noise!
¿Por qué?	Why?
El bebé está dormido.	The baby is sleeping.
¡No te preocupes!	Don't worry.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Sh! Don't make noise!	¡Sh! ¡No hagas ruido!
Why?	¿Por qué?
The baby is sleeping.	El bebé está dormido.
Don't worry.	¡No te preocupes!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Is the baby asleep?	¿El bebé está dormido?
No, it's not asleep.	No, no está dormido.
Why not?	¿Por qué no?
Because of (= por) the noise.	¡Por el ruido!
Don't make noise!	¡No hagas ruido!
Don't worry! The baby is asleep.	¡No te preocupes! El bebé está dormido.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Sh! Don't make noise! (formal)	¡Sh! ¡No haga ruido!
Why?	¿Por qué?
The babys are sleeping.	Los bebés están dormidos.
Don't worry. (formal)	¡No se preocupe!

Image Credits

• “Image:Baby feet.jpg” by Doreen Dotto (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Stas spiacy.1904.jpg” by Stanisław Wyspiański (Public Domain)
• “Image:Cambodia4kidsorg - Creative Commons (by).jpg” by Beth Kanter (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)
• “Image:Signo Itzcuintli.png” from the Codex Laud (Public Domain)

A0041: Cheers!

Introduction

Here is a true story: the first time I tried to say “cheers” in Lojban, I said “que aproveche,” which means “enjoy your meal” and is just wrong when everyone is drinking instead of eating. Well, it's from our mistakes that we learn. And from JP and Liliana, of course. The keyword of this lesson is: felicidades – congratulations.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0001: Are you ready yet?, A0003: At the bar, A0015: Table for two
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¡Toma una copa!
lo nanmu:	¿Por qué brindamos?
lo ninmu:	Por mi nuevo trabajo.
lo nanmu:	¡Felicidades!
lo ninmu:	¡Salud!
lo nanmu:	¡Salud!

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¡Toma	una	copa!
	(you) take	a	drink
woman:	Take a drink!

lo nanmu:	¿Por qué	brindamos?
	why	(we) toast
man:	What are we toasting to?

lo ninmu:	Por	mi	nuevo	trabajo.
	to	my	new	job
woman:	To my new job.

lo nanmu:	¡Felicidades!
	congratulations
man:	Congratulations!

lo ninmu:	¡Salud!
	health
woman:	Cheers!

lo nanmu:	¡Salud!
	health
man:	Cheers!

brindar – to toast

la copa – the drink

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
tomar	verb (infinitive)	to take, drink
(tú) toma	verb (imperative)	(you) take! (informal, singular)
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la copa	noun (feminine)	the drink
¿por qué?	adverb	why?
brindar	verb (infinitive)	to toast
(nosotros/-as) brindamos	verb (present tense)	we toast
por	preposition	to, for, because of
mi	adjective (m./f.)	my
nuevo/nueva	adjective (m./f.)	new
el trabajo	noun (masculine)	the job, the work
¡felicidades!	phrase	congratulations!
¡salud!	phrase	cheers!
la salud	noun (feminine)	the health

la salud – the health

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

querer	verb (infinitive)	to want
(tú) quieres	verb (present tense)	you want (informal, singular)
¿Quieres una copa?	phrase	Do you want a drink?
feliz	adjective (m./f.)	happy
¡arriba, abajo, al centro, pa' dentro!	phrase	up, down, to the center, inside!
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

tomar	infinitive	to take
¡(tú) toma!	imperative	(you) take! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) tome!		(you) take! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) tomemos!		(let's) take! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) tomad!		(you) take! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) tomen!		(you) take! (formal, plural)
brindar	infinitive	to toast
(yo) brindo	present tense	I toast
(tú) brindas		you toast (informal, singular)
(él/ella) brinda		he/she(/it) toasts
(usted) brinda		you toast (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) brindamos		we toast (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) brindáis		you toast (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) brindan		they toast (m./f.)
(ustedes) brindan		you toast (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Toma una copa!	Take a drink!
¿Por qué brindamos?	What are we toasting to?
Por mi nuevo trabajo.	To my new job.
¡Felicidades!	Congratulations!
¡Salud!	Cheers!
¡Salud!	Cheers!

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Take a drink!	¡Toma una copa!
What are we toasting to?	¿Por qué brindamos?
To my new job.	Por mi nuevo trabajo.
Congratulations!	¡Felicidades!
Cheers!	¡Salud!
Cheers!	¡Salud!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Do you want a drink? Take (it)!	¿Quieres una copa? ¡Toma!
Why?	¿Por qué?
We drink to my new job.	Brindamos por mi nuevo trabajo.
Congratulations!	¡Felicidades!
Cheers!	¡Salud!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Take a drink! (formal)	¡Tome una copa (usted)!
What are you toasting to? (formal)	¿Por qué brinda (usted)?
To your new job. (formal)	Por su nuevo trabajo.
Congratulations!	¡Felicidades!
Cheers!	¡Salud!
Cheers!	¡Salud!

Image Credits

• “Image:PS Krøyer - Hip hip hurra! Kunstnerfest på Skagen 1888.jpg” by Peder Severin Krøyer (Public Domain)
• “Image:Glass of champagne.jpg” by bgvjpe (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)
• “Image:Asclepius staff.svg” by Lusanaherandraton (Public Domain)

A0047: Coffee Time

Introduction

Finally! JP and Liliana reveal the secret of Leo's coffee: a little bit of leche – milk, which is also our keyword. Moreover, we learn about Mexican coffee culture. Mmm!

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0007: Where are you from?, A0023: Going to the market, A0052: Smells good
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¡Oye! ¿Te apetece un café?
lo nanmu:	Claro que sí.
lo ninmu:	¿Solo o con leche?
lo nanmu:	Con un poco de leche, por favor.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¡Oye!	¿Te	apetece	un	café?
	hear	(to) you	(it) appetizes	a	coffee
woman:	Hey! Do you want a coffee?

lo nanmu:	Claro	que	sí.
	clearly	that	yes
man:	Of course yes.

lo ninmu:	¿Solo	o	con	leche?
	alone	or	with	milk
woman:	Black or with milk?

lo nanmu:	Con	un	poco	de	leche,	por favor.
	with	a	little bit	of	milk	please
man:	With a little bit of milk, please.

el café – the cup of coffee

la leche – the milk

mujer en Chiapas – woman in Chiapas (Mexico)

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
oír	verb (infinitive)	to hear
¡(tú) oye!	verb (imperative)	(you) listen! (informal, singular)
te	indirect object pronoun	(to) you (informal, singular)
apetecer	verb (infinitive)	to appetize
(él/ella) apetece	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) appetizes
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
el café	noun (masculine)	the (cup of) coffee
claro	adverb	clearly
que	conjunction	that
sí	adverb	yes
solo/sola	adjective (m./f.)	alone
o	conjunction	or
con	preposition	with
la leche	noun (feminine)	the milk
un poco	phrase	a little bit
de	preposition	of
un poco de leche	phrase	a little bit of milk
por favor	phrase	please

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

negro/negra	adjective (m./f.)	black
café negro	phrase	black coffee
café solo	phrase	black coffee
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want
(él/ella) quiere	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) wants
Colombia	noun (feminine)	Colombia
café suave	phrase	smooth coffee
México/Méjico	noun (masculine)	Mexico
Chiapas	noun (plural, masculine)	Chiapas (a Mexican state)
Antigua	noun (feminine)	Antigua (city in Guatemala)
Guatemala	noun (feminine)	Guatemala
la parroquia	noun (feminine)	the parish (church)
café de la parroquia	phrase	coffee of the parish
Veracruz	noun (feminine)	Veracruz (city in Mexico)
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

oír	infinitive	to hear
¡(tú) oye!	imperative	(you) hear! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) oiga!		(you) hear! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) oigamos!		(let's) hear! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) oíd!		(you) hear! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) oigan!		(you) hear! (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
apetecer	infinitive	to appetize
(yo) apetezco	present tense	I appetize
(tú) apeteces		you appetize (informal, singular)
(él/ella) apetece		he/she(/it) appetizes
(usted) apetece		you appetize (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) apetecemos		we appetize (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) apetecéis		you appetize (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) apetecen		they appetize (m./f.)
(ustedes) apetecen		you appetize (formal, plural)
querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Oye! ¿Te apetece un café?	Hey! Do you want a coffee?
Claro que sí.	Of course yes.
¿Solo o con leche?	Black or with milk?
Con un poco de leche, por favor.	With a little bit of milk, please.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Hey! Do you want a coffee?	¡Oye! ¿Te apetece un café?
Of course yes.	Claro que sí.
Black or with milk?	¿Solo o con leche?
With a little bit of milk, please.	Con un poco de leche, por favor.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Would you like a little bit of milk?	¿Te apetece un poco de leche?
Coffee with milk?	¿Café con leche?
Of course. One coffee with milk.	Claro. Un café con leche.
Hey!	¡Oye!
Yes?	¿Sí?
A black coffee, please.	Un café solo, por favor.
You would like a black coffee?	¿Te apetece un café solo?
Of course yes.	Claro que sí.
Of course.	Claro.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Hey! Do you want a coffee? (formal)	¡Oiga! ¿Le apetece un café?
Of course yes.	Claro que sí.
Black or with milk?	¿Solo o con leche?
With a little bit of milk, please.	Con un poco de leche, por favor.

Image Credits

• “Image:A small cup of coffee.JPG” by Julius Schorzman (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 License)
• “Image:Milk glass.jpg” by Stefan Kühn (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Girl in chiapas.jpg” by Arturo Avila (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)

A0052: Smells Good

Introduction

If you are on a diet, you might want to skip this lesson. Seriously! Otherwise you are about to listen to the most sensual dialogue of this course. Our keywords are: qué rico – how delicious and cuidado – caution/be careful. Have the cookies ready!

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0047: Coffee time, A0106: Room service, A0116: Do you want a mint?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Huele bien.
lo ninmu:	Sí, son mis galletas.
lo nanmu:	¡Qué rico!
lo ninmu:	¡Cuidado, están calientes!

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Huele	bien.
	(it) smells	well
man:	It smells good.

lo ninmu:	Sí,	son	mis	galletas.
	yes	(they) are	my	cookies
woman:	Yes, it's my cookies.

lo nanmu:	¡Qué	rico!
	how	rich
man:	How delicious!

lo ninmu:	¡Cuidado,	están	calientes!
	caution	(they) are	hot
woman:	Careful, they're hot!

la galleta – the cookie

rico/rica – rich

¡cuidado! – be careful

caliente – hot

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
oler	verb (infinitive)	to smell
(él/ella) huele	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) smells
bien	adverb	well
sí	adverb	yes
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be (permanent nature)
(ellos/ellas) son	verb (present tense)	they are
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
la galleta	noun (feminine)	the cookie
las galletas	noun (plural, feminine)	the cookies
mi galleta	phrase	my cookie
mis galletas	phrase	my cookies
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?, how?
rico/rica	adjective (m./f.)	rich, delicious
el cuidado	noun (masculine)	the caution
¡cuidado!	phrase	caution!, be careful!
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be (temporary state)
(ellos/ellas) están	verb (present tense)	they are
caliente	adjective (m./f.)	hot
calientes	adjective (plural, m./f.)	hot

el beso – the kiss

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
(él) es rico	phrase	he is rich
(ella) es rica	phrase	she is rich
(él/ella) está	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
(él) está rico	phrase	he(/it) is delicious
(ella) está rica	phrase	she(/it) is delicious
el masaje	noun (masculine)	the massage
¡qué rico masaje!	phrase	what a pleasant massage!
el beso	noun (masculine)	the kiss
¡qué rico beso!	phrase	what an awesome kiss!
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

oler	infinitive	to smell
(yo) huelo	present tense	I smell
(tú) hueles		you smell (informal, singular)
(él/ella) huele		he/she(/it) smells
(usted) huele		you smell (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) olemos		we smell (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) oléis		you smell (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) huelen		they smell (m./f.)
(ustedes) huelen		you smell (formal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Huele bien.	It smells good.
Sí, son mis galletas.	Yes, it's my cookies.
¡Qué rico!	How delicious!
¡Cuidado, están calientes!	Careful, they're hot!

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

It smells good.	Huele bien.
Yes, it's my cookies.	Sí, son mis galletas.
How delicious!	¡Qué rico!
Careful, they're hot!	¡Cuidado, están calientes!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

It smells good. Is it cookies?	Huele bien. ¿Son galletas?
Yes, it's my hot cookies.	Sí, son mis galletas calientes.
Are they hot?	¿Están calientes?
Yes, they are hot. Careful!	Sí, están calientes. ¡Cuidado!
How hot!	¡Qué caliente!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

It smells good.	Huele bien.
Yes, it's my cookie.	Sí, es mi galleta.
How delicious!	¡Qué rico!
Careful, it's hot!	¡Cuidado, está caliente!

Image Credits

• “Image:Choco chip cookie.jpg” by Bob Smith (Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License)
• “Image:VegasBitch198.jpg” by Kaledj777 (Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3.0)
• “Image:Gefahrenzeichen 16.svg” from österreichische Straßenverkehrszeichenverordnung (StVZVO) (Public Domain)
• “Image:Delicious bikini-girl silvia.jpg” by photo&co (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License)
• “Image:French Kiss.JPG” by KoS (Public Domain)

A0056: What Time Is the Train?

Introduction

Don't panic! Take your time with this lesson! Not only are Liliana and JP talking about a lot of numbers but also about times and hours — including the funny 24-hour system. We learn that JP doesn't like it and even Liliana seems to get it wrong at one point. Anyway, the key phrases are: ¿Qué hora es? – What time is it? and ¡Apúrate! – Hurry up!

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0092: How old are you?, A0112: What is your telephone number?, A0122: Telephone card
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿A qué hora sale nuestro tren?
lo nanmu:	A las tres de la tarde.
lo ninmu:	¿Y qué hora es?
lo nanmu:	¡Son las dos cuarenta!
lo ninmu:	¡Apúrate! ¡Corre!

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿A	qué	hora	sale	nuestro	tren?
	at	what	hour	(it) leaves	our	train
woman:	At what time does our train leave?

lo nanmu:	A	las	tres	de	la	tarde.
	at	the	three	of	the	afternoon
man:	At three o'clock in the afternoon.

lo ninmu:	¿Y	qué	hora	es?
	and	what	hour	(it) is
woman:	And what time is it?

lo nanmu:	¡Son	las	dos	cuarenta!
	(they) are	the	two	forty
man:	It's two forty.

lo ninmu:	¡Apúrate!	¡Corre!
	hurry (yourself)	run
woman:	Hurry up! Run!

el tren – the train

correr – to run

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
a	preposition	at
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?
la hora	noun (feminine)	the hour, the time
salir	verb (infinitive)	to leave
(él/ella) sale	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) leaves
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
el tren	noun (masculine)	the train
tres	number	three
a las tres	phrase	at three o'clock
de	preposition	of
la tarde	noun (feminine)	the afternoon
y	conjunction	and
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
¿Qué hora es?	phrase	What time is it?
(ellos/ellas) son	verb (present tense)	they are
dos	number	two
Son las dos.	phrase	It's two o'clock.
cuarenta	number	forty
se	reflexive pronoun	oneself
apurarse	verb (infinitive)	to hurry up (oneself)
te	reflexive pronoun	yourself (informal, singular)
¡(tú) apúrate!	verb (imperative)	(you) hurry up (yourself)! (informal, singular)
correr	verb (infinitive)	to run
¡(tú) corre!	verb (imperative)	(you) run! (informal, singular)

las cinco – five o'clock

las veinte – eight o'clock in the evening

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

una e	phrase	an e
en	preposition	in
la una	phrase	one o'clock
es la una	phrase	it's one o'clock
a la una	phrase	at one o'clock
las dos	phrase	two o'clock
son las dos	phrase	it's two o'clock
a las dos	phrase	at two o'clock
las tres	phrase	three o'clock
las cuatro	phrase	four o'clock
las cinco	phrase	five o'clock
las seis	phrase	six o'clock
las siete	phrase	seven o'clock
quince	number	fifteen
las quince (horas)	phrase	three o'clock in the afternoon
trece	number	thirteen
las trece (horas)	phrase	one o'clock in the afternoon
catorce	number	fourteen
las catorce (horas)	phrase	two o'clock in the afternoon
dieciséis	number	sixteen
las dieciséis (horas)	phrase	four o'clock in the afternoon
veinte	number	twenty
las veinte (horas)	phrase	eight o'clock in the evening
ocho	number	eight
¡vamonos!	phrase	let's go!
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

salir	infinitive	to leave
(yo) salgo	present tense	I leave
(tú) sales		you leave (informal, singular)
(él/ella) sale		he/she(/it) leaves
(usted) sale		you leave (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) salimos		we leave (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) salís		you leave (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) salen		they leave (m./f.)
(ustedes) salen		you leave (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal, singular)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal, singular)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal, plural)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal, plural)
apúrarse	infinitive	to hurry up (oneself)
¡(tú) apúrate!	imperative	(you) hurry up (yourself)! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) apúrese!		(you) hurry up (yourself)! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) apurémonos!		(let's) hurry up (ourselves)! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) apuraos!		(you) hurry up (yourselves)! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) apúrense!		(you) hurry up (yourselves)! (formal, plural)
correr	infinitive	to run
¡(tú) corre!	imperative	(you) run! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) corra!		(you) run! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) corramos!		(let's) run! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) corred!		(you) run! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) corran!		(you) run! (formal, plural)

uno 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5

seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10

once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15

dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19 veinte 20

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿A qué hora sale nuestro tren?	At what time does our train leave?
A las tres de la tarde.	At three o'clock in the afternoon.
¿Y qué hora es?	And what time is it?
¡Son las dos cuarenta!	It's two forty.
¡Apúrate! ¡Corre!	Hurry up! Run!

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

At what time does our train leave?	¿A qué hora sale nuestro tren?
At three o'clock in the afternoon.	A las tres de la tarde.
And what time is it?	¿Y qué hora es?
It's two forty.	¡Son las dos cuarenta!
Hurry up! Run!	¡Apúrate! ¡Corre!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

What time is it?	¿Qué hora es?
It's one o'clock.	Es la una.
And at what time does the train leave?	¿Y a qué hora sale el tren?
Our train leaves at three o'clock in the afternoon.	Nuestro tren sale a las tres de la tarde.
Hurry up! Run! (speaking to a watch)	¡Apúrate! ¡Corre!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

At what time does your train leave? (formal, singular)	¿A qué hora sale su tren?
At five o'clock in the afternoon.	A las cinco de la tarde.
And what time is it?	¿Y qué hora es?
It's four forty.	¡Son las cuatro cuarenta!
Hurry up! Run! (formal, singular)	¡Apúrese! ¡Corra!

Image Credits

• “Image:The Empire State Express 1893.jpg” by A.P. Yates (Public Domain)
• “Image:Canis rufus FWS cropped.jpg” by Curtis Carley (Public Domain)
• “Image:Horloge.svg” by Pabix (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Picswiss BE-98-26 Biel- Uhr am Bahnhof SBB.jpg” by Roland Zumbühl (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0062: At the Bank

Introduction

We are going to a Mexican bank! That must be fun! Well, maybe not that much. But at least we are well prepared after this lesson with Liliana and JP. The keyword is: depósito – deposit.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0015: Table for two, A0033: It's expensive, A0035: Is anyone in there?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Quiero hacer un depósito.
lo ninmu:	¡Llene este formulario!
lo nanmu:	¿Me presta su pluma?
lo ninmu:	Claro.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Quiero	hacer	un	depósito.
	(I) want	(to) make	a	deposit
man:	I want to make a deposit.

lo ninmu:	¡Llene	este	formulario!
	(you) fill out	this	form
woman:	Fill out this form!

lo nanmu:	¿Me	presta	su	pluma?
	(to) me	(you) loan	your	pen
man:	Do you loan me your pen?

lo ninmu:	Claro.
	clear
woman:	Of course.

la pluma – the fountain pen

la pluma – the feather

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want
(yo) quiero	verb (present tense)	I want
hacer	verb (infinitive)	to make
(yo) quiero hacer	phrase	I want to make
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
el depósito	noun (masculine)	the deposit
llenar	verb (infinitive)	to fill (up/out)
¡(usted) llene!	verb (imperative)	(you) fill (out)! (formal, singular)
este/esta	adjective (m./f.)	this
el formulario	noun (masculine)	the form
me	indirect object pronoun	(to/for) me
prestar	verb (infinitive)	to loan
(usted) presta	verb (present tense)	you loan (formal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
la pluma	noun (feminine)	the (fountain) pen, the feather
claro/clara	adjective (m./f.)	clear
¡claro!	interjection	of course!

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

¡Llene el vaso de agua!	phrase	Fill up the glass of water!
¡Llene el tanque!	phrase	Fill the gas tank!
la señorita	noun (feminine)	the miss
la piñata	noun (feminine)	game for children about breaking a pot
los mariachis	noun (plural, masculine)	the Mexican musicians
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)
llenar	infinitive	to fill (out/up)
¡(tú) llena!	imperative	(you) fill (out/up)! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) llene!		(you) fill (out/up)! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) llenemos!		(let's) fill (out/up)! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) llenad!		(you) fill (out/up)! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) llenen!		(you) fill (out/up)! (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
prestar	infinitive	to loan
(yo) presto	present tense	I loan
(tú) prestas		you loan (informal, singular)
(él/ella) presta		he/she(/it) loans
(usted) presta		you loan (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) prestamos		we loan (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) prestáis		you loan (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) prestan		they loan (m./f.)
(ustedes) prestan		you loan (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Quiero hacer un depósito.	I want to make a deposit.
¡Llene este formulario!	Fill out this form!
¿Me presta su pluma?	Do you loan me your pen?
Claro.	Of course.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

I want to make a deposit.	Quiero hacer un depósito.
Fill out this form!	¡Llene este formulario!
Do you loan me your pen?	¿Me presta su pluma?
Of course.	Claro.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

I want to make a deposit.	Quiero hacer un depósito.
Fill out this form!	¡Llene este formulario!
Of course. Do you loan me your pen?	Claro. ¿Me presta su pluma?
Fill out this form!	¡Llene este formulario!
I want to fill out this form!	¡Quiero llenar este formulario!
Fill out this form!	¡Llene este formulario!
Of course.	Claro.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

We want to make a deposit.	Queremos hacer un depósito.
Fill out this form! (formal, plural)	¡Llenen este formulario!
Do you loan us your pen?	¿Nos presta su pluma?
Of course.	Claro.

Image Credits

• “Image:Fuellfederhalter.jpg” by Jakob Richter (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:A single white feather closeup.jpg” by Joao Estevao Andrade de Freitas (Public Domain)

A0066: Bottle of Water

Introduction

Ordering a bottle of water is one thing; making fun at the same time is something completely different. JP and Liliana tell us all about it — and more! The keywords are: gas – carbonation and botella – bottle.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0003: At the bar, A0010: I'm hungry, A0023: Going to the market
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿Qué le doy?
lo nanmu:	¿Me da una botella de agua, por favor?
lo ninmu:	¿Agua con gas o sin gas?
lo nanmu:	Sin gas porque me da gas.
lo ninmu:	Enseguida se la doy.
lo nanmu:	Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿Qué	le	doy?
	what	(to) you	(I) give
woman:	What shall I give you?

lo nanmu:	¿Me	da	una	botella	de	agua,	por favor?
	(to) me	(you) give	a	bottle	of	water	please
man:	Will you give me a bottle of water, please?

lo ninmu:	¿Agua	con	gas	o	sin	gas?
	water	with	gas	or	without	gas
woman:	Carbonated water or non-carbonated water?

lo nanmu:	Sin	gas	porque	me	da	gas.
	without	gas	because	(to) me	(it) gives	gas
man:	Non-carbonated because it gives me gas.

lo ninmu:	Enseguida	se	la	doy.
	immediately	(to) you	it	(I) give
woman:	I'll give it to you right away.

lo nanmu:	Gracias.
	thanks
man:	Thank you.

File:Brand Cielo Water Bottle 2.5 Litre.jpg

una botella de agua sin gas – a bottle of non-carbonated water

el agua fría – the cold water

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?
le	indirect object pronoun	(to) you (formal, singular)
dar	verb (infinitive)	to give
(yo) doy	verb (present tense)	I give
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
(usted) da	verb (present tense)	you give (formal, singular)
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la botella	noun (feminine)	the bottle
de	preposition	of
el agua	noun (feminine)	the water
por favor	phrase	please
con	preposition	with
el gas	noun (masculine)	the gas, the carbonation
o	conjunction	or
sin	preposition	without
porque	conjunction	because
(él/ella) da	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) gives
enseguida	adverb	immediately, right away
la	direct object pronoun	her(/it)
se la doy	phrase	I give her(/it) to you (formal, singular)
gracias	phrase	thanks

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

(tú) das	verb (present tense)	you give (informal, singular)
frío/fría	adjective (m./f.)	cold
el agua fría	phrase	the cold water
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

dar	infinitive	to give
(yo) doy	present tense	I give
(tú) das		you give (informal, singular)
(él/ella) da		he/she(/it) gives
(usted) da		you give (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) damos		we give (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) dais		you give (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) dan		they give (m./f.)
(ustedes) dan		you give (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
me lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to me
te lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (informal, singular)
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to him/her(/it)
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (formal, singular)
nos lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to us
os lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (informal, plural)
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to them
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Qué le doy?	What shall I give you?
¿Me da una botella de agua, por favor?	Will you give me a bottle of water, please?
¿Agua con gas o sin gas?	Carbonated water or non-carbonated water?
Sin gas porque me da gas.	Non-carbonated because it gives me gas.
Enseguida se la doy.	I'll give it to you right away.
Gracias.	Thank you.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

What shall I give you?	¿Qué le doy?
Will you give me a bottle of water, please?	¿Me da una botella de agua, por favor?
Carbonated water or non-carbonated water?	¿Agua con gas o sin gas?
Non-carbonated because it gives me gas.	Sin gas porque me da gas.
I'll give it to you right away.	Enseguida se la doy.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

What shall I give you?	¿Qué le doy?
Will you give me a bottle, please?	¿Me da una botella, por favor?
¿A bottle? ¿A bottle of water or what?	¿Una botella? ¿Una botella de agua o qué?
Will you give me a bottle of gas, please?	¿Me da una botella de gas, por favor?
What? A bottle of carbonated water?	¿Qué? ¿Una botella de agua con gas?
Or a bottle of gas with water.	O una botella de gas con agua.
I'll give it to you right away.	Enseguida se la doy.
I give you the thanks. (= I thank you)	Le doy las gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

What shall I give you? (informal)	¿Qué te doy?
Will you give me a bottle of water, please? (informal)	¿Me das una botella de agua, por favor?
Carbonated water or non-carbonated water?	¿Agua con gas o sin gas?
Non-carbonated because it gives me gas.	Sin gas porque me da gas.
I'll give it to you right away. (informal)	Enseguida te la doy.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Brand Cielo Water Bottle 2.5 Litre.jpg” by AgainErick (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Ice water.jpg” by Jon Sullivan (Public Domain)

A0072: Here Is My Card

Introduction

A few Lojban words can make a big difference when you are networking. So does a nice business card, which is also our keyword: tarjeta de presentación – business card.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0027: The Neighbor, A0082: My name is..., A0112: What is your telephone number?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	Mucho gusto.
hombre:	Igualmente.
lo ninmu:	¿Me puedes dar tu e-mail?
hombre:	Mejor te doy mi tarjeta de presentación.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	Mucho	gusto.
	much	pleasure
woman:	It's been my pleasure.

hombre:	Igualmente.
	equally
man:	Likewise.

lo ninmu:	¿Me	puedes	dar	tu	e-mail?
	(to) me	(you) can	give	your	e-mail
woman:	Can you give me your e-mail?

hombre:	Mejor	te	doy	mi	tarjeta	de	presentación.
	better	(to) you	(I) give	my	card	of	introduction
man:	I'll better give you my business card.

File:Swim texas card.jpg

la tarjeta de presentación – the business card

la comunicación – the communication

la información – the information

la prostitución – the prostitution

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
mucho/mucha	adjective (m./f.)	much
el gusto	noun (masculine)	the pleasure
igualmente	adverb	equally, likewise
me	indirect object pronoun	(to/for) me
poder	verb (infinitive)	to be able
(tú) puedes	verb (present tense)	you can (informal, singular)
dar	verb (infinitive)	to give
(tú) me puedes dar	phrase	you can give to me (informal, singular)
tu	adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, singular)
el e-mail	noun (masculine)	the e-mail
mejor	adjective (m./f.)	better
te	indirect object pronoun	(to/for) you (informal, singular)
(yo) doy	verb (present tense)	I give
mi	adjective (m./f.)	my
la tarjeta	noun (feminine)	the card
de	preposition	of
la presentación	noun (feminine)	the introduction
la tarjeta de presentación	phrase	the business card

la drogadicción – the drug addiction

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

también	adverb	also
la comunicación	noun (feminine)	the communication
la información	noun (feminine)	the information
la transportación	noun (feminine)	the transportation
la prostitución	noun (feminine)	the prostitution
la drogadicción	noun (feminine)	the drug addiction
muchas gracias	phrase	thank you very much
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
poder	infinitive	to be able
(yo) puedo	present tense	I can
(tú) puedes		you can (informal, singular)
(él/ella) puede		he/she(/it) can
(usted) puede		you can (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) podemos		we can (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) podéis		you can (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) pueden		they can (m./f.)
(ustedes) pueden		you can (formal, plural)
dar	infinitive	to give
(yo) doy	present tense	I give
(tú) das		you give (informal, singular)
(él/ella) da		he/she(/it) gives
(usted) da		you give (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) damos		we give (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) dais		you give (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) dan		they give (m./f.)
(ustedes) dan		you give (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Mucho gusto.	It's been my pleasure.
Igualmente.	Likewise.
¿Me puedes dar tu e-mail?	Can you give me your e-mail?
Mejor te doy mi tarjeta de presentación.	I'll better give you my business card.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

It's been my pleasure.	Mucho gusto.
Likewise.	Igualmente.
Can you give me your e-mail?	¿Me puedes dar tu e-mail?
I'll better give you my business card.	Mejor te doy mi tarjeta de presentación.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

It's been my pleasure.	Mucho gusto.
Likewise. I'll give you my e-mail.	Igualmente. Te doy mi e-mail.
I'll better give you my business card.	Mejor te doy mi tarjeta de presentación.
Thank you very much.	Muchas gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

It's been my pleasure.	Mucho gusto.
Likewise.	Igualmente.
Can you give me your e-mail? (formal)	¿Me puede dar su e-mail?
I'll better give you my business card. (formal)	Mejor le doy mi tarjeta de presentación.

Image Credits

• “Image:Swim texas card.jpg” by Chrystie Hearron (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Communication sender-message-reciever.png” by Einar Faanes (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Info icon 002.svg” by Amada44 (Public Domain)
• “Image:Wiki-prostitute.png” by Seedfeeder (Public Domain)
• “Image:GG Allin Grave.jpg” by Sweed666 at en.wikipedia (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0076: Jet-Lag

Introduction

The most important thing about jet-lag: there is good jet-lag (when the local time is behind your time because you were flying westwards) and bad jet-lag (when the local time is ahead of your time because you were flying eastwards). Similarly, our keyword has multiple meanings: cambio de horario – change of schedule/change of time zone/jet-lag.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0016: I feel sick, A0021: I'm sleepy, A0131: I miss them
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	Tengo jet-lag.
lo nanmu:	¿Qué es eso?
lo ninmu:	El cambio de horario.
lo nanmu:	Ah, claro, porque aquí son ocho horas más.
lo ninmu:	Cierto.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	Tengo	jet-lag.
	(I) have	jet-lag
woman:	I have jet-lag.

lo nanmu:	¿Qué	es	eso?
	what	(it) is	that
man:	What's that?

lo ninmu:	El	cambio	de	horario.
	the	change	of	schedule
woman:	The change of time zone.

lo nanmu:	Ah,	claro,	porque	aquí	son	ocho	horas	más.
	oh	clearly	because	here	(they) are	eight	hours	more
man:	Oh, of course, because here it's eight hours ahead.

lo ninmu:	Cierto.
	certain
woman:	True.

el horario – the schedule

el cambio de horario – the change of time zone

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
el jet-lag	noun (masculine)	the jet-lag
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
ese/esa/eso	pronoun (m./f./neuter)	this, that
el cambio	noun (masculine)	the change
de	preposition	of
el horario	noun (masculine)	the schedule
ah	interjection	oh
claro	adverb	clearly, of course
porque	conjunction	because
aquí	adverb	here
(ellos/ellas) son	verb (present tense)	they are
ocho	number	eight
la hora	noun (feminine)	the hour
las horas	noun (plural, feminine)	the hours
más	adverb	more
cierto/cierta	adjective (m./f.)	certain, true
cierto	phrase	I think so

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

clarisimo	adverb	very clearly
el taco	noun (masculine)	the taco
los tacos	noun (plural, masculine)	the tacos
el tequila	noun (masculine)	the tequila
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)

uno 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5

seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10

once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15

dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19 veinte 20

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Tengo jet-lag.	I have jet-lag.
¿Qué es eso?	What's that?
El cambio de horario.	The change of time zone.
Ah, claro, porque aquí son ocho horas más.	Oh, of course, because here it's eight hours ahead.
Cierto.	True.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

I have jet-lag.	Tengo jet-lag.
What's that?	¿Qué es eso?
The change of time zone.	El cambio de horario.
Oh, of course, because here it's eight hours ahead.	Ah, claro, porque aquí son ocho horas más.
True.	Cierto.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

I have eight hours more.	Tengo ocho horas más.
Why?	¿Por qué?
Because of (= por) the change of time zone.	Por el cambio de horario.
What's that?	¿Qué es eso?
Here it's eight hours less (= menos).	Aquí son ocho horas menos.
True.	Cierto.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

We have jet-lag.	Tenemos jet-lag.
What's that?	¿Qué es eso?
The change of time zone.	El cambio de horario.
Oh, of course, because here it's one (= una) hour ahead.	Ah, claro, porque aquí es una hora más.
True.	Cierto.

Image Credits

• “Image:Wikimania2007 schedule check.jpg” by Kat Walsh (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Gnome globe current event 3.svg” by Rugby471 (GNU Lesser General Public License)

A0082: My Name Is...

Introduction

First contact! We learn how to say “hello” and how to introduce ourselves. And I think this is also one of the very first podcasts of the LojbanPod team. At least Leo seems to feel a bit uncomfortable in front of the mic. Well, there is always a first time. The keyword is llamarse – to call oneself.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0004: She's not Mexican, A0007: Where are you from?, A0072: Here is my card
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¡Hola! ¿Cómo te llamas?
lo ninmu:	Me llamo Antonia. ¿Y tú?
lo nanmu:	Yo soy Roberto.
lo ninmu:	Encantada.
lo nanmu:	Mucho gusto.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¡Hola!	¿Cómo	te	llamas?
	hello	how	yourself	(you) call
man:	Hi! What is your name?

lo ninmu:	Me	llamo	Antonia.	¿Y	tú?
	myself	(I) call	Antonia	and	you
woman:	My name is Antonia. And you?

lo nanmu:	Yo	soy	Roberto.
	I	am	Roberto
man:	I'm Roberto.

lo ninmu:	Encantada.
	enchanted
woman:	Nice to meet you.

lo nanmu:	Mucho	gusto.
	much	pleasure
man:	It's a pleasure.

me llamo Albertus – I call myself Albertus

encantado/encantada – enchanted

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
hola	interjection	hello
¿cómo?	adverb	how?
se	reflexive pronoun	oneself
llamarse	verb (infinitive)	to call oneself
te	reflexive pronoun	yourself (informal, singular)
(tú) te llamas	verb (present tense)	you call yourself
me	reflexive pronoun	myself
(yo) me llamo	verb (present tense)	I call myself
y	conjunction	and
tú	subject pronoun	you
yo	subject pronoun	I
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(yo) soy	verb (present tense)	I am
encantado/encantada	adjective (m./f.)	enchanted
mucho/mucha	adjective (m./f.)	much
el gusto	noun (masculine)	the pleasure

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

¿cuál?	interrogative pronoun	which?, what?
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
el nombre	noun (masculine)	the name
¿Cuál es tu nombre?	phrase	What is your name?

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	reflexive pronoun	myself
te		yourself (informal, singular)
se		himself/herself(/itself)
se		yourself (formal, singular)
nos		ourselves, each other
os		yourselves, each other (informal, plural)
se		themselves, each other
se		yourselves, each other (formal, plural)
llamarse	infinitive	to call oneself, to be called
(yo) me llamo	present tense	I call myself
(tú) te llamas		you call yourself (informal, singular)
(él/ella) se llama		he/she(/it) calls himself/herself(/itself)
(usted) se llama		you call yourself (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) nos llamamos		we call ourselves (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) os llamáis		you call yourselves (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) se llaman		they call themselves (m./f.)
(ustedes) se llaman		you call yourselves (formal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Hola! ¿Cómo te llamas?	Hi! What is your name?
Me llamo Antonia. ¿Y tú?	My name is Antonia. And you?
Yo soy Roberto.	I'm Roberto.
Encantada.	Nice to meet you.
Mucho gusto.	It's a pleasure.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Hi! What is your name?	¡Hola! ¿Cómo te llamas?
My name is Antonia. And you?	Me llamo Antonia. ¿Y tú?
I'm Roberto.	Yo soy Roberto.
Nice to meet you.	Encantada.
It's a pleasure.	Mucho gusto.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Hi! I'm Roberto. What's your name?	¡Hola! Yo soy Roberto. ¿Cómo te llamas?
Hi! My name is Antonia. And you?	¡Hola! Me llamo Antonia. ¿Y tú?
Roberto. My name is Roberto. It's a pleasure.	Roberto. Me llamo Roberto. Mucho gusto.
Nice to meet you. And what's your name?	Encantada. ¿Y cómo te llamas?
ROBERTO!	¡ROBERTO!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Hi! What is your name? (formal)	¡Hola! ¿Cómo se llama?
My name is Antonia. And you? (formal)	Me llamo Antonia. ¿Y usted?
I'm Roberto.	Yo soy Roberto.
Nice to meet you.	Encantada.
It's a pleasure.	Mucho gusto.

Image Credits

• “Image:Duerer01.jpg” by Albrecht Dürer (Public Domain)
• “Image:William Holmes Sullivan - The Fairy Ring; the Enchanted Piper.jpg” by William Holmes Sullivan (Public Domain)

A0086: Are You Single?

Introduction

Liliana and JP teach us the basics of flirting — Latino style! Well, or maybe the girl is just practising Lojban... who knows? In any case, our keyword is: soltero — single (for “dudes”).

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0006: How's it going?, A0011: Call me, A0127: Flirting
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿Eres soltero?
lo nanmu:	Sí. ¿Y tú?
lo ninmu:	No, tengo novio.
lo nanmu:	¡Qué lástima!

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿Eres	soltero?
	(you) are	single
woman:	Are you single?

lo nanmu:	Sí.	¿Y	tú?
	yes	and	you
man:	Yes. How about you?

lo ninmu:	No,	tengo	novio.
	no	(I) have	boyfriend
woman:	No, I have a boyfriend.

lo nanmu:	¡Qué	lástima!
	what	pity
man:	What a pity!

soltero/soltera – single

¡Cruel lástima! – Cruel shame!

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(tú) eres	verb (present tense)	you are (informal, singular)
soltero/soltera	adjective (m./f.)	single
sí	adverb	yes
y	conjunction	and
tú	subject pronoun	you (informal, singular)
no	adverb	no
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(yo) tengo	verb (present tense)	I have
el novio	noun (masculine)	the boyfriend
la novia	noun (feminine)	the girlfriend
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?, how?
la lástima	noun (feminine)	the pity, the shame

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

hasta	preposition	until
luego	adverb	then
hasta luego	phrase	see you later
mañana	adverb	tomorrow
hasta mañana	phrase	see you tomorrow

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Eres soltero?	Are you single?
Sí. ¿Y tú?	Yes. How about you?
No, tengo novio.	No, I have a boyfriend.
¡Qué lástima!	What a pity!

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Are you single?	¿Eres soltero?
Yes. How about you?	Sí. ¿Y tú?
No, I have a boyfriend.	No, tengo novio.
What a pity!	¡Qué lástima!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Are you single? (masculine!)	¿Eres soltero?
No. I have a boyfriend.	No, tengo novio.
What? — What a pity!	¿Qué? — ¡Qué lástima!
And you? Are you single? (feminine)	¿Y tú? ¿Eres soltera?
Yes.	Sí.
A pity...	Lástima...

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Are you single? (formal)	¿Es soltero?
Yes. How about you? (formal)	Sí. ¿Y usted?
No, I have a boyfriend.	No, tengo novio.
What a pity!	¡Qué lástima!

Image Credits

• “Image:Charles Thomson. I Feel Bad When I Reject Your Love.jpg” by Charles Thomson (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Goya-Guerra (48).jpg” by Francisco Goya (Public Domain)

A0092: How Old Are You?

Introduction

We are entering dangerous territory: questions about age. Get your compliments ready, someone might be fishing! But first JP and Liliana give us the keyword of this lesson: años — years.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0056: What time is the train?, A0086: Are you single?, A0112: What is your telephone number?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¿Cuántos años tienes?
lo ninmu:	Tengo treinta años.
lo nanmu:	Pareces más joven.
lo ninmu:	Muchas gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¿Cuántos	años	tienes?
	how many	years	(you) have
man:	How old are you?

lo ninmu:	Tengo	treinta	años.
	(I) have	thirty	years
woman:	I'm thirty years old.

lo nanmu:	Pareces	más	joven.
	(you) appear	more	young
man:	You seem younger.

lo ninmu:	Muchas	gracias.
	many	thanks
woman:	Thanks a lot.

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
¿cuánto?/¿cuánta?	interrog. pronoun (m./f.)	how much?
¿cuántos?/¿cuántas?	interrog. pron. (plural, m./f.)	how many?
el año	noun (masculine)	the year
los años	noun (plural, masculine)	the years
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(tú) tienes	verb (present tense)	you have (informal, singular)
treinta	number	thirty
parecer	verb (infinitive)	to seem
(tú) pareces	verb (present tense)	you seem (informal, singular)
más	adverb	more
joven	adjective (m./f.)	young
más joven	phrase	younger
mucho/mucha	adjective (m./f.)	much
muchos/muchas	adjective (plural, m./f.)	many
gracias	phrase	thank you
muchas gracias	phrase	thank you a lot

veinticinco años – 25 years

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

treinta y cinco	number	35
veinticinco	number	25
veintinueve	number	29
así	adverb	so, like this
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
así es	phrase	exactly
hasta luego	phrase	see you later
hasta mañana	phrase	until tomorrow

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
parecer	infinitive	to seem
(yo) parezco	present tense	I seem
(tú) pareces		you seem (informal, singular)
(él/ella) parece		he/she(/it) seems
(usted) parece		you seem (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) parecemos		we seem (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) parecéis		you seem (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) parecen		they seem (m./f.)
(ustedes) parecen		you seem (formal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
uno	number	one
un/una	article (m./f.)	a

zero 0 uno/un/una 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5 seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10 once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15 dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19

veinte 20 veintiuno/-ún/-una 21 veintidós 22 veintitrés 23 veinticuatro 24 veinticinco 25 veintiséis 26 veintisiete 27 veintiocho 28 veintinueve 29 treinta 30 treinta y uno/un/una 31 treinta y dos 32 treinta y tres 33 treinta y cuatro 34 treinta y cinco 35 treinta y seis 36 treinta y siete 37 treinta y ocho 38 treinta y nueve 39

cuarenta 40 cuarenta y uno/un/una 41 cuarenta y dos 42 cuarenta y tres 43 ... ... cincuenta 50 sesenta 60 setenta 70 ochenta 80 noventa 90 cien 100

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Cuántos años tienes?	How old are you?
Tengo treinta años.	I'm thirty years old.
Pareces más joven.	You seem younger.
Muchas gracias.	Thanks a lot.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

How old are you?	¿Cuántos años tienes?
I'm thirty years old.	Tengo treinta años.
You seem younger.	Pareces más joven.
Thanks a lot.	Muchas gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

How old are you? 25?	¿Cuántos años tienes? ¿Veinticinco?
Many more!	¡Muchos más!
More than (= de) 35 years?	¿Más de treinta y cinco años?
Thanks a lot!	¡Muchas gracias!
How many?	¿Cuántos?
I'm 29 years old.	Tengo veintinueve años.
You seem younger.	Pareces más joven.
Thanks, youngster.	Gracias, joven.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

How old are you? (formal)	¿Cuántos años tiene (usted)?
I'm fifty years old.	Tengo cincuenta años.
You seem younger. (formal)	(Usted) parece más joven.
Thanks a lot.	Muchas gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:NadineVelazquez1.jpg” by copyright holder Nadine Provissiero (GNU Free Documentation License with Disclaimer)
• “Image:Ingrid.JPG” by Angelo De La Paz (Public Domain)

A0096: I Am Allergic

Introduction

Not only do we learn how to say that we are allergic, but JP also tells us about all the things that we could be allergic to. Although Liliana finds it hard to believe. The keyword is alérgico – allergic.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0106: Room service, A0116: Do you want a mint?, A0131: I miss them
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	Quiero el pastel de chocolate.
lo ninmu:	Está bien.
lo nanmu:	¿El pastel tiene nueces?
lo ninmu:	No, no tiene.
lo nanmu:	¿Segura? Porque soy alérgico.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	Quiero	el	pastel	de	chocolate.
	(I) want	the	cake	of	chocolate
man:	I want the chocolate cake.

lo ninmu:	Está	bien.
	(it) is	well
woman:	That's fine.

lo nanmu:	¿El	pastel	tiene	nueces?
	the	cake	(it) has	nuts
man:	Does the cake have nuts?

lo ninmu:	No,	no	tiene.
	no	not	(it) has
woman:	No, it doesn't have any.

lo nanmu:	¿Segura?	Porque	soy	alérgico.
	sure	because	(I) am	allergic
man:	Are you sure? Because I am allergic.

las nueces – the nuts

las zanahorias – the carrots

las manzanas – the apples

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want, to love
(yo) quiero	verb (present tense)	I want
el pastel	noun (masculine)	the cake
los pasteles	noun (plural, masculine)	the cakes
de	preposition	of
el chocolate	noun (masculine)	the chocolate
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) está	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
bien	adverb	well, good
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(él/ella) tiene	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) has
la nuez	noun (feminine)	the nut
las nueces	noun (plural, feminine)	the nuts
no	adverb	no, not
seguro/segura	adjective (m./f.)	sure
porque	conjunction	because
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(yo) soy	verb (present tense)	I am
alérgico/alérgica	adjective (m./f.)	allergic

el pastel de tres leches – the three cream cake

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la zanahoria	noun (feminine)	the carrot
las zanahorias	noun (plural, feminine)	the carrots
la manzana	noun (feminine)	the apple
las manzanas	noun (plural, feminine)	the apples
tres	number	three
la leche	noun (feminine)	the milk
las leches	noun (plural, feminine)	the milks
el pastel de tres leches	phrase	the three cream cake
suave	adjective (m./f.)	smooth, soft
el perdón	noun (masculine)	the pardon
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)
estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)
tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

Quiero el pastel de chocolate.	I want the chocolate cake.
Está bien.	That's fine.
¿El pastel tiene nueces?	Does the cake have nuts?
No, no tiene.	No, it doesn't have any.
¿Segura? Porque soy alérgico.	Are you sure? Because I am allergic.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

I want the chocolate cake.	Quiero el pastel de chocolate.
That's fine.	Está bien.
Does the cake have nuts?	¿El pastel tiene nueces?
No, it doesn't have any.	No, no tiene.
Are you sure? Because I am allergic.	¿Segura? Porque soy alérgico.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

I want the three cream cake.	Quiero el pastel de tres leches.
That's fine.	Está bien.
Does the cake have carrot?	¿El pastel tiene zanahoria?
No, it doesn't have any. It has apple.	No, no tiene. Tiene manzana.
No! I'm allergic to (= a) the apples.	¡No! Soy alérgico a las manzanas.
The apple cake has no apple.	El pastel de manzana no tiene manzana.
Are you sure? The apple cake has no apple?	¿Segura? ¿El pastel de manzana no tiene manzana?
It has no apple. The three cream cake has apple.	No tiene manzana. El pastel de tres leches tiene manzana.
Fine.	Bien.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

We want the chocolate cake.	Queremos el pastel de chocolate.
That's fine.	Está bien.
Does the cake have nuts?	¿El pastel tiene nueces?
No, it doesn't have any.	No, no tiene.
Are you sure? (masculine) Because I am allergic. (feminine)	¿Seguro? Porque soy alérgica.

Image Credits

• “File:Walnut02.jpg” by Fir0002 (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Carrots.JPG” by Kander (Public Domain)
• “Image:Froita mazás 005.jpg” by Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Spain Licence)
• “IImage:Tres Leches.jpg” by User:AndonicO (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0102: Where Is the Restroom?

Introduction

One of the most important survival techniques: asking for the bathroom. Everyone who has been in the situation knows what I'm talking about. The keyword of the lesson is baño – bathroom.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0004: She's not Mexican, A0035: Is anyone in there?, A0112: What is your telephone number?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

mujer:	¡Disculpe! ¿Dónde está el baño?
lo nanmu:	La segunda puerta a la derecha.
mujer:	Gracias.
lo nanmu:	De nada.

Dialogue with Translation

mujer:	¡Disculpe!	¿Dónde	está	el	baño?
	(you) excuse	where	(it) is	the	bathroom
woman:	Excuse me! Where is the bathroom?

lo nanmu:	La	segunda	puerta	a	la	derecha.
	the	second	door	to	the	right
man:	The second door on the right.

mujer:	Gracias.
	Thanks.
woman:	Thank you.

lo nanmu:	De	nada.
	of	nothing
man:	You're welcome.

la puerta – the door

a la derecha – to the right

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
disculpar	verb (infinitive)	to excuse, to pardon
¡(usted) disculpe!	verb (imperative)	(you) excuse! (formal, singular)
¿dónde?	interrogative pronoun	where?
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) está	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
el baño	noun (masculine)	the bathroom
segundo/segunda	number (m./f.)	second
la puerta	noun (feminine)	the door
a	preposition	to
la derecha	noun (feminine)	the direction right
a la derecha	phrase	on/to the right
gracias	phrase	thanks
de	preposition	of
nada	pronoun	nothing
de nada	phrase	it's nothing, your're welcome

la eñe – the ñ

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la eñe	noun (feminine)	the letter ñ (n with tilde)
los servicios	noun (plural, masculine)	the bathroom
hasta luego	phrase	see you later
hasta mañana	phrase	until tomorrow

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

disculpar	infinitive	to excuse
¡(tú) disculpa!	imperative	(you) excuse! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) disculpe!		(you) excuse! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) disculpemos!		(let's) excuse! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) disculpad!		(you) excuse! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) disculpen!		(you) excuse! (formal, plural)
estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)
primero/primera	number (m./f.)	first
primer	before masculine nouns	first
segundo/segunda	number (m./f.)	second
tercero/tercera	number (m./f.)	third
tercer	before masculine nouns	third
cuarto/cuarta	number (m./f.)	fourth
quinto/quinta	number (m./f.)	fifth
sexto/sexta	number (m./f.)	sixth
séptimo/séptima	number (m./f.)	seventh
octavo/octava	number (m./f.)	eighth
noveno/novena	number (m./f.)	ninth
décimo/décima	number (m./f.)	tenth

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Disculpe! ¿Dónde está el baño?	Excuse me! Where is the bathroom?
La segunda puerta a la derecha.	The second door on the right.
Gracias.	Thank you.
De nada.	You're welcome.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Excuse me! Where is the bathroom?	¡Disculpe! ¿Dónde está el baño?
The second door on the right.	La segunda puerta a la derecha.
Thank you.	Gracias.
You're welcome.	De nada.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Excuse me! The bathroom? Where is it?	¡Disculpe! ¿El baño? ¿Dónde está?
The bathroom is on the right.	El baño está a la derecha.
Where?	¿Dónde?
The second door.	La segunda puerta.
Thank you.	Gracias.
You're welcome.	De nada.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Excuse me! Where is the bathroom? (informal)	¡Disculpa! ¿Dónde está el baño?
The second door on the right.	La segunda puerta a la derecha.
Thank you.	Gracias.
You're welcome.	De nada.

Image Credits

• “Image:Znak C-2.svg” by Paweł Grzywocz (Public Domain)
• “Image:Eñe on keyboard - blue.jpg” by Chamaeleon (Public Domain)
• “Image:Signo Itzcuintli.png” from the Codex Laud (Public Domain)

A0106: Room Service

Introduction

This is the lesson for all the fans of room service! And the room service might be even better when you order in Lojban! The rest of us will learn how to order a hamburger, which can be pretty useful, too. The keyword is: servicio a la habitación – room service.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0003: At the bar, A0052: Smells good, A0096: I am allergic
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿Tiene servicio a la habitación?
hombre:	Sí tenemos.
lo ninmu:	Quiero una hamburguesa.
hombre:	Se la llevo en diez minutos.
lo ninmu:	Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿Tiene	servicio	a	la	habitación?
	(you) have	service	to	the	habitation
woman:	Do you have room service?

hombre:	Sí	tenemos.
	yes	(we) have
man:	We do have it.

lo ninmu:	Quiero	una	hamburguesa.
	(I) want	a	hamburger
woman:	I want a hamburger.

hombre:	Se	la	llevo	en	diez	minutos.
	(to) you	her (= it)	(I) bring	in	ten	minutes
man:	I bring it to you in 10 minutes.

lo ninmu:	Gracias.
	Thanks.
woman:	Thank you.

la habitación – the room

la hamburguesa – the hamburger

diez minutos – ten minues

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
tener	verb (infinitive)	to have
(usted) tiene	verb (present tense)	you have (formal, singular)
el servicio	noun (masculine)	the service
de	preposition	of
la habitación	noun (feminine)	the room
sí	adverb	yes, indeed
(nosotros/-as) tenemos	verb (present tense)	we have
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want
(yo) quiero	verb (present tense)	I want
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la hamburguesa	noun (feminine)	the hamburger
le	indirect object pronoun	(to) you (formal, singular)
lo/la	direct object pronoun	him/her(/it)
se la	phrase	her(/it) to you (formal, singular)
se lo	phrase	him(/it) to you (formal, singular)
llevar	verb (infinitive)	to bring
(yo) llevo	verb (present tense)	I bring
en	preposition	in
diez	number	ten
el minuto	noun (masculine)	the minute
los minutos	noun (plural, masculine)	the minutes
gracias	phrase	thanks

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el cuarto	noun (masculine)	the room
el servicio al cuarto	phrase	the room service
no	adverb	no, not
la hache	noun (feminine)	the letter h
mudo/muda	adjective (m./f.)	silent
el taco	noun (masculine)	the taco
los tacos	noun (plural, masculine)	the tacos
el tamal	noun (masculine)	the tamale
los tamales	noun (plural, masculine)	the tamales
el jalapeño	noun (masculine)	the jalapeño
los jalapeños	noun (plural, masculine)	the jalapeños

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

tener	infinitive	to have
(yo) tengo	present tense	I have
(tú) tienes		you have (informal, singular)
(él/ella) tiene		he/she(/it) has
(usted) tiene		you have (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) tenemos		we have (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) tenéis		you have (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) tienen		they have (m./f.)
(ustedes) tienen		you have (formal, plural)
querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)
llevar	infinitive	to bring
(yo) llevo	present tense	I bring
(tú) llevas		you bring (informal, singular)
(él/ella) lleva		he/she(/it) brings
(usted) lleva		you bring (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) llevamos		we bring (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) lleváis		you bring (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) llevan		they bring (m./f.)
(ustedes) llevan		you bring (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
me lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to me
te lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (informal, singular)
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to him/her(/it)
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (formal, singular)
nos lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to us
os lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (informal, plural)
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to them
se lo/la	phrase	him/her(/it) to you (formal, plural)

uno 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5

seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10

once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15

dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19 veinte 20

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Tiene servicio a la habitación?	Do you have room service?
Sí tenemos.	We do have it.
Quiero una hamburguesa.	I want a hamburger.
Se la llevo en diez minutos.	I bring it to you in 10 minutes.
Gracias.	Thank you.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Do you have room service?	¿Tiene servicio a la habitación?
We do have it.	Sí tenemos.
I want a hamburger.	Quiero una hamburguesa.
I bring it to you in 10 minutes.	Se la llevo en diez minutos.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Do you have room service?	¿Tiene servicio a la habitación?
We do have it.	Sí tenemos.
I want a hamburger.	Quiero una hamburguesa.
We don't have hamburgers.	No tenemos hamburguesas.
Do you have jalapeños?	¿Tiene jalapeños?
No, we don't have jalapeños.	No, no tenemos jalapeños.
Tacos?	¿Tacos?
No, we don't have tacos.	No, no tenemos tacos.
I want room service!	¡Quiero servicio a la habitación!
I bring it to you in 10 minutes. Thank you.	Se lo llevo en diez minutos. Gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Do you have room service? (formal, plural)	¿Tienen servicio a la habitación?
We do have it.	Sí tenemos.
We want a hamburger.	Queremos una hamburguesa.
I bring it to you in 10 minutes. (formal, plural)	Se la llevo en diez minutos.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Hotel-suite-living-room.jpg” by Derek Jensen (Public Domain)
• “Image:NCI Visuals Food Hamburger.jpg” by Len Rizzi (Public Domain)
• “Image:Gnome-appointment-soon.svg” by GNOME icon artists (GNU General Public License)

A0112: What Is Your Telephone Number?

Introduction

This lesson is full of useful phrases: how to ask for a phone number, how to give one's phone number, how to say that you are going to call, etc. Moreover, Liliana and JP discuss differences between continents and generations with respect to phoning. And all that in just 13 minutes! The keyword had to be a bit shorter than usual: móvil – mobile.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0056: What time is the train?, A0072: Here is my card, A0092: How old are you?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?
lo nanmu:	Mi número de móvil es el seis, cinco, dos, doce, cincuenta y seis, cincuenta y seis.
lo ninmu:	OK, te llamo en la noche.
lo nanmu:	Vale.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿Cuál	es	tu	número	de	teléfono?
	what	(it) is	your	number	of	telephone
woman:	What's your phone number?

lo nanmu:

Mi

número

de

móvil

es

el

seis,

cinco,

dos,

doce,

cincuenta y seis,

cincuenta y seis.

my

number

of

cell phone

(it) is

the

six

five

two

twelve

fifty-six

fifty-six

man:

My cell phone number is 6-5-2-12-56-56.

lo ninmu:	OK,	te	llamo	en	la	noche.
	OK	you	(I) call	in	the	night
woman:	OK, I call you at night.

lo nanmu:	Vale.
	worthy
man:	Great.

el móvil – the mobile phone

el número cincuenta y seis – the number 56

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
¿cuál?	interrogative pronoun	what?, which?
ser	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) es	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
el número	noun (masculine)	the number
de	preposition	of
el teléfono	noun (masculine)	the telephone
mi	possessive adjective	my
el móvil	noun (masculine)	the mobile phone
el/la	article (m./f.)	the
seis	number	6
cinco	number	5
doce	number	12
cincuenta y seis	number	56
OK	phrase	OK
te	direct object pronoun	you (informal, singular)
llamar	verb (infinitive)	too call
(yo) llamo	verb (present tense)	I call
en	preposition	in
la noche	noun (feminine)	the night
valer	verb (infinitive)	to be worth
vale	phrase	great, OK

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

igual	adjective (m./f.)	equal
el cellular	noun (masculine)	the cell phone
el cell	noun (masculine)	the cell phone
el número de cellular	phrase	the cell phone number
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

ser	infinitive	to be
(yo) soy	present tense	I am
(tú) eres		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) es		he/she(/it) is
(usted) es		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) somos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sois		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) son		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) son		you are (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
llamar	infinitive	to call
(yo) llamo	present tense	I call
(tú) llamas		you call (informal, singular)
(él/ella) llama		he/she(/it) calls
(usted) llama		you call (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) llamamos		we call (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) llamáis		you call (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) llaman		they call (m./f.)
(ustedes) llaman		you call (formal, plural)
uno	number	one
un/una	article (m./f.)	a

zero 0 uno/un/una 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5 seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10 once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15 dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19

veinte 20 veintiuno/-ún/-una 21 veintidós 22 veintitrés 23 veinticuatro 24 veinticinco 25 veintiséis 26 veintisiete 27 veintiocho 28 veintinueve 29 treinta 30 treinta y uno/un/una 31 treinta y dos 32 treinta y tres 33 treinta y cuatro 34 treinta y cinco 35 treinta y seis 36 treinta y siete 37 treinta y ocho 38 treinta y nueve 39

cuarenta 40 cuarenta y uno/un/una 41 cuarenta y dos 42 cuarenta y tres 43 ... ... cincuenta 50 sesenta 60 setenta 70 ochenta 80 noventa 90 cien 100

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?	What's your phone number?
Mi número de móvil es el seis, cinco, dos, doce, cincuenta y seis, cincuenta y seis.	My cell phone number is 6-5-2-12-56-56.
OK, te llamo en la noche.	OK, I call you at night.
Vale.	Great.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

What's your phone number?	¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?
My cell phone number is 6-5-2-12-56-56.	Mi número de móvil es el seis, cinco, dos, doce, cincuenta y seis, cincuenta y seis.
OK, I call you at night.	OK, te llamo en la noche.
Great.	Vale.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

What's your phone number?	¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono?
My cell phone number is 6-5-2-12-56-56.	Mi número de móvil es el seis, cinco, dos, doce, cincuenta y seis, cincuenta y seis.
OK, OK! 6, ...?	¡Vale, vale! Seis, ...?
It's the 6-52-...	Es el seis, cincuenta y dos, ...
6-52 or (= o) 6-5-2?	¿Seis, cincuenta y dos o seis, cinco, dos?
It's the same.	Es igual.
OK.	Vale.
The number is 6-5-2-1-2-5-6-5-6. OK?	El número es el seis, cinco, dos, uno, dos, cinco, seis, cinco, seis. ¿Vale?
OK. I call you tonight.	Vale, te llamo en la noche.
Great.	Vale.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

What's your phone number? (formal)	¿Cuál es su número de teléfono?
My cell phone number is 6-5-2-12-56-56.	Mi número de móvil es el seis, cinco, dos, doce, cincuenta y seis, cincuenta y seis.
OK, I call you at night. (formal)	OK, lo/la llamo en la noche.
Great.	Vale.

Image Credits

• “Image:CellPhone.png” by Mnoon (CC-BY-SA 3.0)
• “Image:I-56.svg” by Ltljltlj (Public Domain)
• “Image:El Pilar de Zaragoza Noche 2005-03-25.jpg” by Juan García (GNU Free Documentation License)

A0116: Do You Want a Mint?

Introduction

The topic of this lesson is irregular breath and how to deal with it. Our keyword is also irregular: huele – it smells from the irregular verb oler – to smell.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0016: I feel sick, A0052: Smells good, A0096: I am allergic
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¿Quieres una menta?
lo ninmu:	¿Por qué? ¿Me huele la boca?
lo nanmu:	Sí, ¡toma!

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿Quieres	una	menta?
	(you) want	a	mint
woman:	Do you want a mint?

lo nanmu:	¿Por qué?	¿Me	huele	la	boca?
	why	(to) me	smells	the	mouth
man:	Why? Does my mouth stink?

lo ninmu:	Sí,	¡toma!
	yes	(you) take
woman:	Yes, take this!

la menta – the mint

la boca – the mouth

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
querer	verb (infinitive)	to want
(tú) quieres	verb (present tense)	you want (informal, singular)
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la menta	noun (feminine)	the mint
¿por qué?	adverb	why?
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
oler	verb (infinitive)	to smell
(él/ella) huele	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) smells
la boca	noun (feminine)	the mouth
sí	adverb	yes
tomar	verb (infinitive)	to take
¡(tú) toma!	verb (imperative)	you take! (informal, singular)

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

hasta luego	phrase	see you later
hasta mañana	phrase	until tomorrow

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

querer	infinitive	to want
(yo) quiero	present tense	I want
(tú) quieres		you want (informal, singular)
(él/ella) quiere		he/she(/it) wants
(usted) quiere		you want (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) queremos		we want (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) queréis		you want (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) quieren		they want (m./f.)
(ustedes) quieren		you want (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
oler	infinitive	to smell
(yo) huelo	present tense	I smell
(tú) hueles		you smell (informal, singular)
(él/ella) huele		he/she(/it) smells
(usted) huele		you smell (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) olemos		we smell (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) oléis		you smell (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) huelen		they smell (m./f.)
(ustedes) huelen		you smell (formal, plural)
tomar	infinitive	to take
¡(tú) toma!	imperative	(you) take! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) tome!		(you) take! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) tomemos!		(let's) take! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) tomad!		(you) take! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) tomen!		(you) take! (formal, plural)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Quieres una menta?	Do you want a mint?
¿Por qué? ¿Me huele la boca?	Why? Does my mouth stink?
Sí, ¡toma!	Yes, take this!

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Do you want a mint?	¿Quieres una menta?
Why? Does my mouth stink?	¿Por qué? ¿Me huele la boca?
Yes, take this!	Sí, ¡toma!

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Take a mint! Do you want to?	¡Toma una menta! ¿Quieres?
Why?	¿Por qué?
For (= por) the mouth.	Por la boca.
Does my breath smell?	¿Me huele la boca?
Yes, take it!	Sí, ¡toma!

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Do you want a mint? (formal)	¿Quiere una menta?
Why? Does my mouth stink?	¿Por qué? ¿Me huele la boca?
Yes, take this! (formal)	Sí, ¡tome!

Image Credits

• “Image:Cinnamon Tic Tac.jpg” by Bilious (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Mona Lisa detail mouth.jpg” by Leonardo da Vinci (Public Domain)

A0122: Telephone Card

Introduction

In this lesson Liliana and JP tell us all about phone cards, in particular how to buy one in Lojban—and why you should. The keyword is: tarjeta de teléfono – phone card.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0005: Take a picture, A0023: Going to the market, A0056: What time is the train?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¿Me da una tarjeta de teléfono?
lo nanmu:	¿Para llamadas nacionales o internacionales?
lo ninmu:	Internacionales.
lo nanmu:	Diez euros.
lo ninmu:	Gracias.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¿Me	da	una	tarjeta	de	teléfono?
	(to) me	(you) give	a	card	of	telephone
woman:	Will you give me a phone card?

lo nanmu:	¿Para	llamadas	nacionales	o	internacionales?
	for	calls	domestic	or	international
man:	For domestic or international calls?

lo ninmu:	Internacionales.
	international
woman:	International calls.

lo nanmu:	Diez	euros.
	ten	euros
man:	Ten euros.

lo ninmu:	Gracias.
	thanks
woman:	Thank you.

diez euros – ten euros

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
dar	verb (infinitive)	to give
(usted) da	verb (present tense)	you give (formal, singular)
un/una	article (m./f.)	a
la tarjeta	noun (feminine)	the card
de	preposition	of
el teléfono	noun (masculine)	the telephone
para	preposition	for
la llamada	noun (feminine)	the call
la llamadas	noun (plural, feminine)	the calls
nacional	adjective (m./f.)	domestic
nacionales	adjective (plural, m./f.)	domestic
internacional	adjective (m./f.)	international
internacionales	adjective (plural, m./f.)	international
diez	number	ten
el euro	noun (masculine)	the euro
los euros	noun (plural, masculine)	the euros
gracias	phrase	thanks

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

el taco	noun (masculine)	the taco
la cerveza	noun (feminine)	the beer
la pluma	noun (feminine)	the pen
eu	interjection	yes
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
dar	infinitive	to give
(yo) doy	present tense	I give
(tú) das		you give (informal, singular)
(él/ella) da		he/she(/it) gives
(usted) da		you give (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) damos		we give (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) dais		you give (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) dan		they give (m./f.)
(ustedes) dan		you give (formal, plural)

uno 1 dos 2 tres 3 cuatro 4 cinco 5

seis 6 siete 7 ocho 8 nueve 9 diez 10

once 11 doce 12 trece 13 catorce 14 quince 15

dieciséis 16 diecisiete 17 dieciocho 18 diecinueve 19 veinte 20

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Me da una tarjeta de teléfono?	Will you give me a phone card?
¿Para llamadas nacionales o internacionales?	For domestic or international calls?
Internacionales.	International calls.
Diez euros.	Ten euros.
Gracias.	Thank you.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Will you give me a phone card?	¿Me da una tarjeta de teléfono?
For domestic or international calls?	¿Para llamadas nacionales o internacionales?
International calls.	Internacionales.
Ten euros.	Diez euros.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Will you give me a card?	¿Me da una tarjeta?
A card?	¿Una tarjeta?
For international calls.	Para llamadas internacionales.
A telephone card?	¿Una tarjeta de teléfono?
Yes (= sí)! Will you give me a telephone card?	¡Sí! ¿Me da una tarjeta de teléfono?
For international calls?	¿Para llamadas internacionales?
Yes, for international calls.	Sí, para llamadas internacionales.
Ten euros.	Diez euros.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Will you give us a phone card?	¿Nos da una tarjeta de teléfono?
For domestic or international calls?	¿Para llamadas nacionales o internacionales?
International calls.	Internacionales.
Ten euros.	Diez euros.
Thank you.	Gracias.

Image Credits

• “Image:Phone-Card-Scorpio.jpg” by Speedypin (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Spain 2006 circulating coins.jpg” by the European Central Bank (ECB) (see http://www.ecb.int/euro/html/reproduction.en.html )
• “Image:10 Euro.Recto.png” by the European Central Bank (ECB) (see http://www.ecb.int/euro/html/reproduction.en.html )

A0127: Flirting

Introduction

Liliana and JP talk about flirting in Latin America and Liliana demonstrates her most powerful weapons. As flirting requires continuous action, this is also the perfect opportunity to introduce the gerund, also known as the ing-form. The keyword is: coquetear – to flirt.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0001: Are you ready yet?, A0002: Birthday party, A0086: Are you single?
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo ninmu:	¡Mírala! Está coqueteando.
lo nanmu:	¿Por qué?
lo ninmu:	Te ve y te sonríe.
lo nanmu:	¡Perfecto! Voy a hablar con ella.

Dialogue with Translation

lo ninmu:	¡Mírala!	Está	coqueteando.
	look at her	(she) is	flirting
woman:	Look at her! She is flirting.

lo nanmu:	¿Por qué?
	why
man:	Why?

lo ninmu:	Te	ve	y	te	sonríe.
	you	(she) sees	and	(to) you	(she) smiles
woman:	She looks at you and she smiles.

lo nanmu:	¡Perfecto!	Voy	a	hablar	con	ella.
	perfect	(I) go	to	talk	with	her
man:	Perfect! I'm going to talk with her.

está coqueteando – she is flirting

te ve y te sonríe – she looks at you and she smiles at you

hablar – to talk

Vocabulary for Dialogue

la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
mirar	verb (infinitive)	to look
¡(tú) mira!	verb (imperative)	(you) look! (informal, singular)
la	direct object pronoun	her
¡(tú) mírala!	phrase	(you) look at her! (informal, singular)
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be
(él/ella) está	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) is
coquetear	verb (infinitive)	to flirt
coqueteando	verb (gerund)	flirting
está coqueteando	phrase	he/she(/it) is flirting
¿por qué?	adverb	why?
te	direct object pronoun	you
ver	verb (infinitive)	to see
(él/ella) ve	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) sees
y	conjunction	and
te	indirect object pronoun	(to) you
sonreír	verb (infinitive)	to smile
(él/ella) sonríe	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) smiles
perfecto/perfecta	adjective (m./f.)	perfect
ir	verb (infinitive)	to go
(yo) voy	verb (present tense)	I go
a	preposition	to
hablar	verb (infinitive)	to talk
voy a hablar	phrase	I'm going to talk
con	preposition	with
él/ella	pronoun	him/her(/it) (after preposition)

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

hablando	verb (gerund)	talking
caminar	verb (infinitive)	to walk
caminando	verb (gerund)	walking
hasta luego	phrase	see you later

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

mirar	infinitive	to look
¡(tú) mira!	imperative	(you) look! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) mire!		(you) look! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) miremos!		(let's) look! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) mirad!		(you) look! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) miren!		(you) look! (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)
estar	infinitive	to be
(yo) estoy	present tense	I am
(tú) estás		you are (informal, singular)
(él/ella) está		he/she(/it) is
(usted) está		you are (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) estamos		we are (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) estáis		you are (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) están		they are (m./f.)
(ustedes) están		you are (formal, plural)
ver	infinitive	to see
(yo) veo	present tense	I see
(tú) ves		you see (informal, singular)
(él/ella) ve		he/she(/it) sees
(usted) ve		you see (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vemos		we see (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) veis		you see (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) ven		they see (m./f.)
(ustedes) ven		you see (formal, plural)
me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
sonreír	infinitive	to smile
(yo) sonrío	present tense	I smile
(tú) sonríes		you smile (informal, singular)
(él/ella) sonríe		he/she(/it) smiles
(usted) sonríe		you smile (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) sonreímos		we smile (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) sonreís		you smile (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) sonríen		they smile (m./f.)
(ustedes) sonríen		you smile (formal, plural)
ir	infinitive	to go
(yo) voy	present tense	I go
(tú) vas		you go (informal, singular)
(él/ella) va		he/she(/it) goes
(usted) va		you go (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) vamos		we go (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) vais		you go (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) van		they go (m./f.)
(ustedes) van		you go (formal, plural)
conmigo	phrase	with me
contigo	phrase	with you (singular, informal)
con él/ella	phrase	with him/her(/it)
con usted	phrase	with you (singular, formal)
con nosotros/-as	phrase	with us (m./f.)
con vosotros/-as	phrase	with you (plural, informal, m./f.)
con ellos/ellas	phrase	with them (m./f.)
con ustedes	phrase	with you (plural, formal)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¡Mírala! Está coqueteando.	Look at her! She is flirting.
¿Por qué?	Why?
Te ve y te sonríe.	She looks at you and she smiles.
¡Perfecto! Voy a hablar con ella.	Perfect! I'm going to talk with her.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

Look at her! She is flirting.	¡Mírala! Está coqueteando.
Why?	¿Por qué?
She looks at you and she smiles.	Te ve y te sonríe.
Perfect! I'm going to talk with her.	¡Perfecto! Voy a hablar con ella.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

Look at her! She smiles at you.	¡Mírala! Te sonríe.
Why?	¿Por qué?
She looks at you and she smiles at you.	Te ve y te sonríe.
So what? (= and what?)	¿Y qué?
¡She is flirting!	¡Está coqueteando!
Perfect! I'm going to talk with her.	¡Perfecto! Voy a hablar con ella.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

Look at him! He is flirting.	¡Miralo! Está coqueteando.
Why?	¿Por qué?
He looks at you and he smiles.	Te ve y te sonríe.
Perfect! I'm going to talk with him.	¡Perfecto! Voy a hablar con él.

Image Credits

• “Image:Raquel Nunes-3.jpg” by Sergio *Savaman* Savarese (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0)
• “Image:Goya Maja ubrana2.jpg” by Francisco de Goya (Public Domain)
• “Image:Talk face.svg” by Linuxerist and Wiggy! (GNU Free Documentation License)
• “Image:Learning to walk by pushing wheeled toy.jpg” Shaun MItchem (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0)

A0131: I Miss Them

Introduction

In this lesson, JP and Liliana teach us how to ask what's wrong, how to express homesickness, how to give an advice, and how to approve of an idea. Well, not all possibilities but enough to get us started. The keyword is extraño – I miss.

• related LojbanPod lessons: A0030: Call back later, A0076: Jet-lag, A0096: I am allergic
• discussion: visit the readers' forum for this lesson to discuss it or to ask questions about it

Dialogue

lo nanmu:	¿Qué te pasa?
lo ninmu:	Extraño a mi familia.
lo nanmu:	¡Llámalos!
lo ninmu:	Buena idea.

Dialogue with Translation

lo nanmu:	¿Qué	te	pasa?
	what	(to) you	(it) happens
man:	What's happening to you?

lo ninmu:	Extraño	a	mi	familia.
	(I) miss	to	my	family
woman:	I miss my family.

lo nanmu:	¡Llámalos!
	call them
man:	Call them!

lo ninmu:	Buena	idea.
	good	idea
woman:	Good idea.

la familia – the family

llamar – to call

Vocabulary for Dialogue

el hombre	noun (masculine)	the man
la mujer	noun (feminine)	the woman
¿qué?	interrogative pronoun	what?, how?
te	indirect object pronoun	(to) you (informal, singular)
pasar	verb (infinitive)	to happen
(él/ella) pasa	verb (present tense)	he/she(/it) happens
extrañar	verb (infinitive)	to miss
(yo) extraño	verb (present tense)	I miss
a	preposition	to
mi	possessive adjective	my
la familia	noun (feminine)	the family
llamar	verb (infinitive)	to call
¡(tú) llama!	verb (imperative)	(you) call! (informal, singular)
los	direct object pronoun	them
¡(tú) llámalos!	phrase	(you) call them! (informal, singular)
bueno/buena	adjective (m./f.)	good
la idea	noun (feminine)	the idea

la comida – the food

Vocabulary for Audio Lesson

la comida	noun (feminine)	the food
(yo) extraño la comida	phrase	I miss the food
el país	noun (masculine)	the country
(yo) extraño mi país	phrase	I'm homesick
(yo) extraño Méjico/México	phrase	I miss Mexico
enfermo/enferma	adjective (m./f.)	sick
de	preposition	of
la casa	noun (feminine)	the house
estar	verb (infinitive)	to be
(yo) estoy homesick	phrase	I'm homesick

 

More Vocabulary

This section includes grammatically related words. Some of them are required by the exercise Dialogue Recast.

me	indirect object pronoun	(to) me
te		(to) you (informal, singular)
le		(to) him/her(/it)
le		(to) you (formal, singular)
nos		(to) us
os		(to) you (informal, plural)
les		(to) them
les		(to) you (formal, plural)
pasar	infinitive	to happen
(yo) paso	present tense	I happen
(tú) pasas		you happen (informal, singular)
(él/ella) pasa		he/she(/it) happens
(usted) pasa		you happen (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) pasamos		we happen (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) pasáis		you happen (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) pasan		they happen (m./f.)
(ustedes) pasan		you happen (formal, plural)
extrañar	infinitive	to miss
(yo) extraño	present tense	I miss
(tú) extrañas		you miss (informal, singular)
(él/ella) extraña		he/she(/it) misses
(usted) extraña		you miss (formal, singular)
(nosotros/-as) extrañamos		we miss (m./f.)
(vosotros/-as) extrañáis		you miss (informal, plural, m./f.)
(ellos/ellas) extrañan		they miss (m./f.)
(ustedes) extrañan		you miss (formal, plural)
mi	possessive adjective	my
mis	poss. adjective (plural)	my
tu	possessive adjective	your (informal, singular)
tus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (informal, singular)
su	possessive adjective	his/her(/its)/their
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	his/her(/its)/their
su	possessive adjective	your (formal)
sus	poss. adjective (plural)	your (formal)
nuestro/nuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	our
nuestros/nuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	our
vuestro/vuestra	poss. adjective (m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
vuestros/vuestras	poss. adj. (plural, m./f.)	your (informal, plural)
llamar	infinitive	to call
¡(tú) llama!	imperative	(you) call! (informal, singular)
¡(usted) llame!		(you) call! (formal, singular)
¡(nosotros/-as) llamemos!		(let's) call! (m./f.)
¡(vosotros/-as) llamad!		(you) call! (informal, plural, m./f.)
¡(ustedes) llamen!		(you) call! (formal, plural)
me	direct object pronoun	me
te		you (informal, singular)
lo/la		him/her(/it)
lo/la		you (formal, singular, m./f.)
nos		us
os		you (informal, plural)
los/las		them (m./f.)
los/las		you (formal, plural, m./f.)

Exercises

Dialogue Translation

Cover the right column, translate from Lojban to English and uncover the right column line by line to check your answers. If possible, read the Lojban sentences aloud.

¿Qué te pasa?	What's happening to you?
Extraño a mi familia.	I miss my family.
¡Llámalos!	Call them!
Buena idea.	Good idea.

Dialogue Recall

Now translate from English to Lojban. Remember to say the Lojban sentences aloud.

What's happening to you?	¿Qué te pasa?
I miss my family.	Extraño a mi familia.
Call them!	¡Llámalos!
Good idea.	Buena idea.

Dialogue Remix

Translate this variant of the dialogue from English to Lojban.

What's happening to you?	¿Qué te pasa?
Well (= good) ...	Bueno ...
What?	¿Qué?
I miss my country and (= y) the food.	Extraño mi país y la comida.
Well ...	Bueno ...
¡And I miss my family!	¡Y extraño a mi familia!
Call them!	¡Llámalos!
Good idea.	Buena idea.

Dialogue Recast

This translation exercise requires some of the words from the More Vocabulary section.

What's happening to you? (formal)	¿Qué le pasa?
I miss my family.	Extraño a mi familia.
Call them! (formal)	¡Llámelos!
Good idea.	Buena idea.

Image Credits

• “La familia del infante don Luis.jpg” by Francisco de Goya (Public Domain)
• “Image:1876 Bell Speaking into Telephone.jpg” by Early Office Museum (Public Domain)
• “Image:CornmealProducts.jpg” by Scott Bauer (Public Domain)

GNU Free Documentation License

1. REDIRECT wikibooks:GNU Free Documentation License