BPFK Section: Syntactic Numbers

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This page is imported from version 32 of the page BPFK Section: Syntactic Numbers from the lojban Tiki.

Proposed Definitions And Examples

cmavo: ce'i (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Percentage. Expresses a fraction of 100 with the digits to the left as the numerator.

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {fi'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • percent

Usage Examples

li pa no no no ce'i du li pa no
1000% is 10

Notes

  • ksion says "ce'i" is basically "pi'i vei fi'u cinono ve'o"

Issues

  • CLL doesn't define "ce'i" in prose
  • Doesn't regard digits to the right


cmavo: fi'u (PA3)

Proposed Definition

A digit representing both the fraction slash, when modifying other digits, and the golden ratio, when on its own.

When used between two digit strings m and n, it makes the entire number a fraction m/n. When used in front of a digit string m, it makes the entire number a fraction 1/m. When used after a digit string m, it makes the entire number string a fraction m/1.

When used on its own, it represents the golden ratio φ, a mathematical constant equal to half of the sum of one and the square root of five, or approximately 1.618033.

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {ra'e}
  • {pa}
  • {pai}

Proposed Keywords

  • fraction bar
  • golden ratio

Usage Examples

fi'ure lo vovo gerku vi bajra
"Half of the 44 dogs run here."
li fi'uze du li cifi'uze pi'i fi'uci
"1/7 is equal to 3/7 times 1/3."
li fi'u minso namcu
"The golden ratio is a famous number."

Notes

None.

Issues

None.



cmavo: ki'o (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Thousands seperator
partitions a decimal number into groups of 3 digits.

When there are less than 3 digits following a ki'o, replace the ki'o with enough {no} to have 3 digits in total.

Expansion formulae:

Integral part (left of the decimal point)
"A ki'o B" is A*1000 + B
Fractional part (right of the decimal point)
"pi A ki'o B" needs to be defined

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {pi}
  • {kilto}

Proposed Keywords

  • Thousands seperator

Usage Examples

pa ki'o recivo ki'o muxaze
((1*1000) + 234) * 1000 + 567 = 1234567

Notes

  • Some cultures use a dot as the decimal point, and a comma or a space as the thousands seperator. Other cultures use the comma as the decimal point, and a dot or a space as the thousands seperator. {ki'o} is always the thousands seperator, and {pi} is always the decimal point (or the radix point in other number bases).

Issues

  • CLL chapter 18, example 3.10 looks like an error: there are only 3 "pa" and 3 "one", yet 4 "1"
  • Needs definition for usage in fractional part
  • Needs definition for more than 3 following PA1s
    • camxes and jbofihe accept "ki'o papapapa"
  • kribacr proposes adapting "ki'o" for non-decimal bases, with integral formula "ve'o A ki'o B vei ju'u C" = A*C^3 + B


cmavo: ma'u (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Positive sign
(together with other digits) this number is positive.
Positive number
(standing alone) this is an unspecified positive number.

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {ni'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • positive
  • positive sign
  • positive number

Usage Examples

li ma'u ci du li mu vu'u re
"+3 equals 5 minus 2"
ma'u bridi cu cusku
"a positive number of predications is expressed"

Notes

None.

Issues

  • Needs definition for more than one appearance of "ma'u" and "ni'u"


cmavo: ni'u (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Negative sign
(together with other digits) this number is negative.
Negative number
(standing alone) this is an unspecified negative number.

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {ma'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • negative
  • negative sign
  • negative number

Usage Examples

li ni'u ci du li re vu'u mu
"-3 equals 2 minus 5"
mi ponse ni'u rupnu
"I have a negative amount of money" (i.e. in debt)

Notes

None.

Issues

  • See issues of {ma'u}


cmavo: pi (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Radix point
partitions a number into an integral part (to the left of the point) and fractional part (to the right of the point)

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {ki'o}
  • {pi'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • Radix point
  • Decimal point (when used in a base-10 number)

Usage Examples

li no pi mu
0.5
li vai pi rei ju'u vai
0xF.E

Notes

  • See notes for {ki'o}.

Issues

None.


cmavo: pi'e (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Compound base separator
partitions a number into parts of different bases

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {pi}
  • {ju'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • dot (chapter/section seperator)
  • slash (date seperator)
  • dash (date seperator)
  • colon (time seperator)

Usage Examples

li no pi'e bi pi'e pare cu tcika la'e di'u li renopano pi'e bi pi'e xa
"It happened at 00:08:12 on 2010-08-06"
zo pi'e cu se pilno le pabi pi'e pano moi terfendi
"the word "pi'e" is used in Section 18.10"

Notes

  • The bases and meanings of each part depend on context. Arithmetics on compound-base numbers is also defined by context.
  • Each digit for bases larger than 16 can be expressed using more than one PA, which are then delimited by {pi'e}.

Issues

None.


cmavo: ra'e (PA3)

Proposed Definition

Repeating decimal
digits to the right repeat indefinitely

Proposed Tag

See Also

  • {fi'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • repeating

Usage Examples

li pa fi'u ci du li pi ra'e ci
"1/3 equals 0.(3)"
li ze fi'u pare du li pi mu bi ra'e ci
"7/12 equals 0.58(3)"
li pa fi'u ze du li pi ra'e pavorebimuze
"1/7 equals 0.(142857)"

Notes

  • Should only be used in the fractional part

Issues

  • Needs definition when there is no digit to the right.
  • I suggest {ra'e} without digits to the right to simply indicate that the number's fractional part is infinite. Example: li pai du li ci pi pavopaxa ra'e -- ksion


Notes

me'i and za'u, though officially in PA3, are defined under Inexact Numbers

Impact