BPFK Section: Realis Attitudinals
- .a'a (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express attentiveness / payment-of-attention / heed / concentration. (cf. jundi, re'i)
.a'a .i ko di'a co'e .i ba ku ma fasnu
Aha, go on, what happened next?
- .a'a cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express inattentiveness / distraction / non-payment of attention / heedlessness. (cf. nalju'i, re'i nai)
.a'a cu'i ko denpa lo nu mi mulgau ti
Eh, just a second, let me finish this.
- .a'a nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express avoidance / evasion / dodging. (cf. rivbi)
.a'a nai mi na tirna. (cf. rivbi)
La, la, la, I'm not listening.
- .a'e (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express alertness / awareness / enthusiasm / liveliness / eagerness / readiness. (cf. cikna, sanji)
.a'e le cabdei ba xamgu djedi
Today is going to be a good day!
- .a'e nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express exhaustion / tiredness / weariness / fatigue / lassitude / prostration / burnout (cf. tatpi)
.a'e nai mi klama lo ckana
Yaaaawn... I'm going to bed.
- .a'u (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express interest / curiosity / concern / preoccupation. (cf. selci'i, kurji)
.a'u ma ba'o se lifri do
What happened to you?
- .a'u cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express disinterest / uninterest / unconcern / apathy / detachment / indifference. (cf. nalselci'i)
.a'u cu'i na cuntu mi
That's none of my business.
- .a'u nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express repulsion / aversion / disgust / distaste / repugnance. (cf. selrigni)
.a'u nai ta panci simsa lo kalci
Yuck, that smells like shit!
- .i'a (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express acceptance / acknowledgement / admission / assent / consent / acquiescence / conformity / satisfaction (cf. selmansa, nalpro, no'epro, nalzugjdi, fi'i)
.i'a ta banzu
Okay, that will do.
- .i'a nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express refusal / rejection / eschewal / resistance / dissatisfaction / blame / incrimination / inculpation (cf. tolselmansa, fi'i nai)
.i'a nai ta mi za'o na mansa
No, that still doesn't satisfy me.
- .i'e (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express approval / endorsement / sanction / support / approbation / favor / praise / applause / acclaim. (cf. zanru)
.i'e do xautce gunka
Very good! You did an excellent job.
- .i'e cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express neither approval nor disapproval / impartiality / neutrality / nonpartisanship / objectivity. (cf. nutli, norzau)
.i'e cu'i lo cmaci ka'e cfipu lo co'a ve ckule
Speaking objectively, math can be confusing for 1st graders.
- .i'e nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express disapproval / criticism / disapprobation / disfavor / opposition / condemnation / reprobation. (cf. tolzau)
.i'e nai le pixra cu korcu dandu
Hm, the picture is hanging crooked.
- .i'i (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express togetherness / unanimity / communion / unity / comradeship / camaraderie / conviviality / gregariousness / sociability (cf. gunma, kansa)
.i'i mi ba jinga
Yay! We're gonna win!
.i'i mi mi'ecpe lo se pleji nu zenba
We demand a raise!
- .i'i nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express privacy / aloofness / privateness / isolation / solitude / seclusiveness / reclusiveness / secrecy / retirement / withdrawal (selsivni, sepli)
.i'i nai ko cliva
Go away, I want to be alone!
- .i'o (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express appreciation / recognition / valuation / thanks / gratitude. (cf. ckire)
.i'o do je'a pendo
Ah, you're a true friend.
- .i'o nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express envy / jealousy / resentment / bitterness (cf. jilra)
.i'o nai do ro roi se funca lo zabna
Damn you, you always have good luck!
- .i'u (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express familiarity / acquaintanceship / recognition / conversance / grasp / ken / knowledge. (cf. selsau, nalselni'o, kufra, djuno)
.i'u mi ta xabju ze'a lo nanca be li so'i
Yes, I lived there for many years.
- .i'u nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express unfamiliarity / ignorance / unknowingness / mystification / mystery. (cf. termipri)
.i'u nai no da sidbo fi mi lo du'u pleji ma kau fo ta
I have no idea how much they are paying for that.
- ii (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express fear / alarm / anxiety / fright / horror / panic / terror / apprehension / dread / phobia. (cf. terpa)
ii le tirxu cu xruti
Oh, no! The tiger is back!
- ii nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express security / safeness / invulnerability (cf. snura)
ii nai le ctuca na ba tolcri mi'o ti
Heh, the teacher won't find us here.
- io (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express respect / regard / courtesy / consideration / deference / homage / kudos / recognition / obeisance / obligingness / veneration / reverence / civility / urbanity / gallantry / politeness / friendliness / affability / corteousness / cordiality / complaisance / solicitude. (cf. sinma, clite, ga'i nai)
io ko mi jersi doi nolnau
This way, Sir, if you please.
- io nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express disrespect / contempt / discourtesy / scorn / impertinence / insolence / impoliteness / irreverence / derision / disparagement / disdain. (cf. tolsi'a, ga'i)
io nai ko ti klama doi bebna
Get your ass over here, you idiot!
- iu (UI1)
- Attitudina.: Used to express love / esteem / adoration / worship / devotion / affection / fondness / sympathy (cf. prami, pendo)
iu do melbi
You're beautiful.
- iu nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express hatred / abhorrence / antipathy / bitterness / detestation / hate / loathing / odium (cf. xebni)
iu nai do palci
You're evil.
- .o'a (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express pride / dignity / self-confidence / smugness / bravado / grandiloquence / pomposity / cockiness / conceit / arrogance. (cf. jgira, ga'i)
.o'a ju'i mamta mi kakne lo nu tcidu
Look Mummy, I can read!
- .o'a cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express modesty / humility / humbleness / discreetness / meekness / unpretentiousness / reserve (cf. cumla, ga'i nai)
.o'a cu'i ba'e mi lumci pi su'o po'o le loldi
Oh, *I* mopped only some part of the floor.
- .o'a nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express shame / abashment / embarrassment / humiliation / mortification (cf. ckeji)
.o'a nai mi mrilu le notci lo srera noigri
Oops, I posted the message to the wrong newsgroup.
- .o'e (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express intimacy / closeness / affinity / sympathy / rapport. (cf. cnijbi, cnikansa)
.o'e mi do ba kansa lo nu vitke lo mikce
I'll go with you to see the doctor.
- .o'e nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express distance / aloofness / coldness / antipathy. (cf. cnida'o)
.o'e nai doi dirba mi to'e cinmo
Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn.
- .o'i (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express caution / carefulness / prudence / vigilance. (cf. seljde, capyrivbi, capfanta, srerivbi, srefanta, naldarsi)
.o'i le loldi cu se sakli
Careful! The floor is slippery.
- .o'i nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express rashness / audacity / dauntlessness / temerity / recklessness / imprudence / impetuosity / impulsiveness / overconfidence. (cf. darsi)
.o'i nai ko gunta
Charge!
- .o'o (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express patience / forbearance / leniency / benevolence / indulgence / magnanimity. (cf. xendo, de'acni)
.o'o ko za'u re'u troci
Ok, try again.
- .o'o cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express tolerance / open-mindedness / moderation / fairness / reasonableness / mildness (cf. racli, to'ersteba)
.o'o cu'i ma pu mukti fi do
So, what drove you to do it?
- .o'o nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express anger / annoyance / exasperation / fury / rage / impatience / indignation / irascibility / irritation / outrage / vexation / wrath / ire / intolerance. (cf. fengu)
.o'o nai lo xanto cu fanta lo nu mi pagre
Damn, the elephants are blocking my way!
- .o'u (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express relaxation / leisure / repose / peacefulness / serenity / calmness / placidity / tranquility / quietude (cf. surla)
.o'u ti zabna se lifri
Ah, this is the life!
- .o'u cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express composure / aplomb / balance / equanimity / imperturbability / nonchalance / sobriety / stability / phlegm. (cf. cnilanxe)
.o'u cu'i mi pu tinbe lo selfla
I followed the law.
- .o'u nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express stress / anxiety / anguish / chagrin / distress / tension / worry. (cf. dunku)
.o'u nai le mi bersa cu zvati ma
Where is my son?
- .oi (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express displeasure / discomfort / pain / discontentment / frustration / complaint / protestation. (cf. pante)
.oi mi cortu le kanla
Ouch! My eyes hurt.
- .oi nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express pleasure / comfort / contentment / delectation / delight / gratification / relish / enjoyment (cf. selpu'a, kufra)
.oi nai glare cakla
Mmm, hot chocolate!"
- .u'a (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express gain / triumph / success (cf. jinga, selne'u, prali)
.u'a la'e di'u je'urja'o lo du'u mi pu drani
Hah, that proves I was right!
- .u'a nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express loss / desolation / melancholy / disconsolation / lamentation / mourning (cf. cirko)
.u'a nai la rover pu xamgu gerku
Snif, Rover was a good dog.
- .u'e (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express wonder / admiration / amazement / awe / marvel / astoundment (cf. selmanci)
.u'e ze prenu cu zvati
Wow, there are seven people here!
.u'e le va gerku cu mutce stati
Wow, that dog is really talented!
- .u'e nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express that something is commonplace / humdrum / unexceptional / prosaic (cf. tolselmanci, fadni)
.u'e nai xu ta xagrai lo se kakne be do
Pshaw, is that the best you can do?
- .u'i (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express amusement / hilarity / merriment / mirth / laughter (cf. selzdi, selxajmi, xalbo)
.u'i ta cusku zo ganxo
Heh, heh, he said "arsehole".
- .u'i nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express weariness / boredom / tediousness / tedium / ennui (cf. tolselzdi)
.u'i nai banzu ca le cabdei
Yawn, that's enough for today.
- .u'o (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express courage / boldness / bravery / valor / daring (cf. virnu)
.u'o mi do pu'o nurgau
I'm coming to your rescue!
- .u'o cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express timidity / shyness / unassertiveness / inhibition / timorousness (cf. jikterpa)
.u'o cu'i xu mi zifre lo nu stali
Erm, may I stay here?
- .u'o nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express cowardice (cf. tolvri)
.u'o nai mi na nerkla ta
Oh no, I'm not going in there.
- .u'u (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express repentance / regret / contrition / remorse / guiltiness (cf. xenru, zugycni)
.u'u mi pu na jundi
Sorry, I wasn't paying attention.
- .u'u cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express innocence / blamelessness / clear conscience / righteousness / naïveté (cf. nalselra'u)
.u'u cu'i mi zukte no da
I didn't do anything!
- .u'u nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express lack of regret / remorselessness / defiance / spite / provocation / unrepentance (cf. talsa)
.u'u nai mi pu zi stapa le do jamfu i do ba zukte ma
Yeah, I just stepped on your foot. What are you going to do about it?
- ua (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express discovery / realization / recognizance / recollection / understanding (cf. facki)
ua ba'e ta do mensi
Ah, so *that*'s your sister.
- ua nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express confusion / searching / disorientation / befuddlement / perplexity / puzzlement / bewilderment (cf. cfipu, sisku, ki'a)
ua nai la'e di'u vajni fi ma
Huh? How is that relevant?
- ue (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express surprise / astonishment / unexpectedness / shock / stupefaction. (cf. selspaji)
ue ta lenku
Oo, that's cold!
- ue cu'i (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express indifference / impassiveness / insensitivity / unresponsiveness / oblivion / not being really surprised (cf. norselspaji)
ue cu'i ma cnino
So what's new?
- ue nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express expectation / expectedness / confirmation. (cf. tolselspaji)
ue nai ro da pu prane
Everything was perfect, just as I expected.
- ui (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express happiness / joy / glee / bliss / delight / ecstasy / exultation / jubilation / cheerfulness (cf. gleki)
ui mi pu klama le zarci
Yay, I went to the store!
- ui nai (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express unhappiness / sadness / sorrow / depression / gloominess / woe / heartache / anguish (cf. badri)
ui nai ti pu melbi jarbu
Sigh, this used to be a nice neighbourhood.
- uo (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express completion / achievement / consummation / fulfillment / accomplishment / termination / culmination (cf. snada, mulno, mansa, fanmo)
uo di'u clani jufra
Pfew, that was a long sentence!
- uo nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express incompleteness / deficiency / lack / insufficiency (cf. fliba)
uo nai do tu na ru'e darxi
Oh, you almost hit it.
- uu (UI1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express pity / kindness / mercy / gentleness / compassion / sensitiveness (cf. kecti)
uu mi ba dunda lo boxfo do
Oh you poor thing! I'll get you a blanket.
- uu nai (UI*1)
- Attitudinal. Used to express cruelty / callousness / hardheartedness / insensibility / insensitiveness / mercilessness / ruthlessness / unkindness / malice / evilness / wickedness (cf. kusru)
uu nai mi ba ponse lo do pruxi
Mwa, ha, ha, ha, ha! Your soul will be mine!
||
| ja'ai | cu'i | nai
.a'a | jundi | nalju'i | rivbi
.a'e | cikna | | tatpi
.a'i | troci | selfrili | cando
.a'u | selci'i | nalselci'i | selrigni
.i'a | selmansa | | tolselmansa
.i'e | zanru | nutli | tolzau
.i'i | gunma | | selsivni
.i'o | ckire | | jilra
.i'u | selsau | | termipri
.ii | terpa | | snura
.io | sinma | | tolsi'a
.iu | prami | | xebni
.o'a | jgira | cumla | ckeji
.o'e | cnijbi | | cnida'o
.o'i | seljde | | darsi
.o'o | xendo | racli | fengu
.o'u | surla | cnilanxe | dunku
.oi | pante | | selpu'a
.u'a | jinga | | cirko
.u'e | selmanci | | tolselmanci
.u'i | selzdi | | tolselzdi
.u'o | virnu | jikterpa | tolvri
.u'u | xenru | nalselra'u | talsa
.ua | facki | | selfi'u
.ue | selspaji | norselspaji | tolselspaji
.ui | gleki | | badri
.uo | snada | | fliba
.uu | kecti | | kusru
||
Notes
- iu cu'i was removed from the list because the keyword "no love lost" was too confusing, its meaning is fairly obvious anyway, and no usage was found.
- .u'u cu'i and .u'u nai were interchanged.
Section Issues
- he realis/irrealis distinction has been rather hotly debated over the years. It is my ( Lindar ) opinion that the reality/irreality of the UI is dependent upon the reality/irreality of the jufra, and can be indicated with da'i/da'inai or some other kind of marker. This way ni'o .a'o mi klama can mean I hope I go. in one instance and I'm going, about which I feel hopeful. for another, rather than being restricted to one meaning.
Poll
{POLL(pollId=>23)}BPFK Poll: Realis Attitudinals{POLL}